Valid Names Results

Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869) (Diaspididae: Hemiberlesia)

Nomenclatural History

Aspidiotus lataniae Signoret 1869a: 124. Type data: FRANCE: probably Paris, on leaves of Latania.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Vienna: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria; accepted valid name Illustr.
Aspidiotus lataniae Signoret 1869: 860. nomen nudum
Aspidiotus cydoniae Comstock 1881a: 295. Type data: USA: Florida, on quince.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Green1900a, 71). Illustr.
Aspidiotus punicae Cockerell 1893j: 255. Type data: JAMAICA: Kingston, on pomegranate, and DOMINICA: on coconut.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1938a, 190).
Aspidiotus diffinis lateralis Cockerell 1894g: 130. Type data: JAMAICA: Kingston, Parade Garden, Kingston, on stems of Jasminum pubescens.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1941e, 45).
Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) cydoniae Comstock, 1881; Cockerell 1897i: 21. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Aspidiotus) lataniae Signoret, 1869; Cockerell 1897i: 29. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Diaspidiotus) punicae Cockerell, 1893; Cockerell 1897i: 24. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) crawii Cockerell 1897i: 23. Type data: MEXICO: on twigs of grapevine; collected by Alex Craw.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1941e, 42).
Aspidiotus cydoniae tecta Maskell 1897a: 240. Type data: SANDWICH ISLANDS [=HAWAII]: on "Ohia". Syntypes, female, Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Borchs1966, 306). Notes: Described again as Aspidiotus cydoniae, Comstock, var. nov., by Maskell, 1898: 224.
Aspidiotus (Diaspidiotus) greenii Cockerell 1897i: 27. Type data: MEXICO: Mazatlan, on coconut palm; collected by Alex Craw.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Cocker1898n, 184). Illustr.
Aspidiotus implicatus Maskell 1897a: 241. Type data: TAIWAN: on Campanula sp.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; junior synonym (discovered by Lindin1957, 545). Notes: Described again as Aspidiotus implicatus sp. nov., Maskell, 1898: 226.
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) cydoniae Comstock, 1881; Leonardi 1898c: 44. change of combination
Aspidiotus greeni Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell 1898n: 184. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) lataniae Signoret, 1869; Leonardi 1898a: 76. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) punicae Cockerell, 1893; Leonardi 1898a: 77. change of combination
Aspidiotus lateralis Cockerell, 1894; Marlatt 1899: 658. change in status (level)
Aspidiotus crawii Cockerell, 1897; Newell 1899: 25. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) cydoniae tectus Maskell, 1897; Cockerell 1899a: 396. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) greenii Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell 1899a: 396. change of combination
Hemiberlesia crawii (Cockerell, 1897); Cockerell 1899a: 396. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) crawii Cockerell, 1897; Leonardi 1900: 340. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) greenii Cockerell, 1897; Leonardi 1900: 340. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) implicatus Maskell, 1897; Leonardi 1900: 341. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) lataniae Signoret, 1869; Hempel 1900a: 502. change of combination
Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) cydoniae tectus Comstock, 1881; Leonardi 1900: 340. change of combination requiring emendation of specific epithet for agreement in gender
Aspidiotus cydoniae crawii Cockerell, 1897; Fernald 1903b: 256. change of combination and rank
Aspidiotus cydoniae punicae Cockerell, 1893; Fernald 1903b: 256. change of combination and rank
Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869); Cockerell 1905b: 202. change of combination
Aspidiotus cydoniae crawi Cockerell, 1897; Lindinger 1907a: 19. change of combination and rank
Aspidiotus cydoniae greeni Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell & Robinson 1915: 427. change of combination and rank
Diaspidiotus lataniae (Signoret, 1869); MacGillivray 1921: 412. change of combination
Aspidiella punicae (Cockerell, 1893); MacGillivray 1921: 405. change of combination and rank
Marlattaspis implicata (Maskell, 1897); MacGillivray 1921: 406. change of combination requiring emendation of specific epithet for agreement in gender
Aspidiotus sydonia Comstock, 1881; Seabra 1921: 98. misspelling of species epithet Notes: Misspelling of Aspidiotus cydoniae Comstock.
Diaspidiotus (Aspidiotus) lataniae (Signoret, 1869); Borchsenius 1935a: 25. change of combination
Aspidiotus aspleniae Sasaki, I. 1935: 864. Type data: PHILIPPINES: Manila, intercepted at Japan, Port Kobe, on Asplenium nidus. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1941e, 41). Notes: Depository unknown.
Aspidiotus tectus Maskell, 1897; Ferris 1941e: 48. change of combination and rank
Hemiberlesia implicatus (Maskell, 1897); Balachowsky 1953k: 114. change of combination
Aspidiella punica (Cockerell, 1893); Borchsenius 1966: 307. misspelling of species epithet
Aspidiotus askleniae Sasaki, I., 1935; Borchsenius 1966: 307. misspelling of species epithet
Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869); Borchsenius 1966: 306. revived combination (previously published)
Aspidiotus implocatus Maskell, 1897; Chou 1985: 303. misspelling of species epithet
Hemiberlesia latanieae (Signoret, 1869); Chou 1985: 303. misspelling of species epithet
Hemiberlesia latanie (Signoret, 1869); Moghaddam 2004: 15. misspelling of species epithet

Common Names

escama del latano Gonzal1989
latania scale GersonZo1973 McKenz1956 MerrilCh1923
Latania scale GersonZo1973
Queresa latania Nunez2008
quince scale MillerDa2005

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 119 | Genera: 363

Acanthaceae

Avicennia germinans | WilliaWa1988 | (= Avicennia nitida)
Eranthemum pulchellum | Brimbl1968

Achariaceae

Hydnocarpus wightianus | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a

Actinidiaceae

Actinidia chinensis | Gonzal1986 Gonzal1989a
Actinidia deliciosa | Hender2011
Saurauia tristyla | Takagi1969a | ssp. oldhamii

Adoxaceae

Sambucus javanica | Velasq1971

Amaranthaceae

Amaranthus viridis | Brimbl1968
Atriplex halimus | Martin1983
Beta vulgaris | Balach1932d | (= Beta maritima)
Chenopodium album | Hall1923
Gomphrena globosa | WilliaWa1988

Amaryllidaceae

Calostemma | Hall1923

Anacardiaceae

Mangifera indica | Almeid1971 Borchs1966 Ferris1921 KinjoNaHi1996 Mamet1959a Takagi1969a WolffCo1993a
Pleiogynium timorense | Brimbl1968 | (= Pleiogynium cerasiferum )
Rhus | Borchs1966 Mamet1951
Schinus molle | DeLott1967a Hall1923
Schinus terebinthifolia | MartinWoCu2022
Sclerocarya birrea | Almeid1971 | (= Sclerocarya caffra)
Spondias dulcis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Spondias cytherea)
Spondias mombin | Almeid1973b

Annonaceae

Annona cherimola | NormarOkMo2019
Annona reticulata | Beards1966
Annona squamosa | Hall1922

Apiaceae

Foeniculum vulgare | Green1923b Martin1983

Apocynaceae

Carissa | Ramakr1921a
Carissa carandas | Ramakr1919a
Carissa spinarum | DeLott1967a Hall1923 | (= Carissa edulis)
Cascabela thevetia | Almeid1971 Hall1928 | (= Thevetia nerifolia, Thevetia peruviana)
Hoya carnosa | BatsanKaKi2017
Nerium oleander | BesheaTiHo1973 Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988
Plumeria | Beards1966 Hall1928 MerrilCh1923
Plumeria rubra | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988 | (= Plumeria acutifolia)
Tabernaemontana | MerrilCh1923

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex | BesheaTiHo1973 StoetzDa1974a
Ilex cassine | BesheaTiHo1973 MerrilCh1923
Ilex glabra | BesheaTiHo1973

Araceae

Alocasia portei | Velasq1971
Anthurium | Malump2014a
Cyrtosperma merkusii | WilliaWa1988 | (= Cyrtosperma chamissonis)
Monstera deliciosa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Philodendron | Hender2011 McKenz1956
Syngonium podophyllum | ImenesBeWo1999 NoronhWoMe2023

Araliaceae

Cussonia spicata | Hender2011
Fatsia | McKenz1956
Hedera | BesheaTiHo1973
Hedera algeriensis | BicheArMe2022
Hedera helix | Borchs1966 Mamet1954 McKenz1956
Heptapleurum actinophyllum | Brimbl1968 WilliaWa1988 | (= Brassaia actinophylla) (= Schefflera actinophylla)
Meryta denhamii | BicheArMe2022
Pseudopanax crassifolius | Hender2011
Schefflera | WilliaWa1988

Arecaceae

Adonidia merrillii | Velasq1971 | (= Veitchia merrillii)
Archontophoenix cunninghamiana | Brimbl1968
Areca | Borchs1934
Arecaceae | Green1896e Green1937 WilliaWa1988
Chamaerops humilis | BicheArMe2022
Cocos | Lepage1938 Wilson1917
Cocos nucifera | Almeid1971 Borchs1966 Lepage1938 Mamet1943a Takagi1969a Takaha1929 Takaha1942d WilliaWa1988
Dictyosperma album | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Dypsis lutescens | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)
Elaeis | Balach1956
Elaeis guineensis | Almeid1971 Almeid1973b Muntin1969
Howea | Balach1932d
Howea belmoreana | Hunter1899
Hydriastele wendlandiana | Brimbl1968
Hyophorbe indica | Leonar1920 Lepage1938 | (= Areca lutescens)
Hyophorbe verschaffeltii | Beards1966
Latania | Green1896e Hall1923 Leonar1920 McKenz1956 Signor1869b
Latania lontaroides | Takagi1969a | (= Latania commersonii, = Latania borbonica)
Latania verschaffeltii | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Livistona australis | Brimbl1968 | (= Carypha australis)
Livistona chinensis | Balach1927 Balach1932d TakahaTa1956 | (= Livistona sinensis, Livistona subglobosa)
Phoenix | Borchs1934 Borchs1936 Green1908a TakahaTa1956 WilliaWa1988
Phoenix canariensis | Stalaz2021
Phoenix dactylifera | Hall1923 Martin1983
Pritchardia martii | Zimmer1948
Ptychosperma elegans | NoronhWoMe2023
Rhopalostylis baueri | Hender2011
Syagrus romanzoffiana | NoronhWoMe2023
Veitchia joannis | WilliaWa1988
Veitchia vitiensis | Laing1927 | (= Ptychosperma vitiensis)

Asparagaceae

Agave cantala | Velasq1971
Asparagus | Borchs1966 Mamet1954
Asparagus officinalis | Hall1923
Asparagus racemosus | Brimbl1968
Asparagus setaceus | Velasq1971 | (= Asparagus plumosa)
Beaucarnea recurvata | NormarOkMo2019
Cordyline | WilliaWa1988
Cordyline fruticosa | Velasq1971
Cordyline mauritiana | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Cohnia floribunda)
Cordyline neocaledonica | WilliaWa1988 | (= Taetsia neocaledonica)
Cordyline sellowiana | Balach1927 Balach1932d | (= Howeia selloviana, Kentia selloviana)
Dracaena draco | GomezM1962
Dracaena reflexa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Furcraea | Hender2011
Yucca | BesheaTiHo1973 McKenz1956
Yucca aloifolia | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988
Yucca gloriosa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Martin1983

Aspleniaceae

Asplenium nidus | Sasaki1935

Asteraceae

Arctotis leptorhiza | BenDov2012 | (= Arctotis breviscapa)
Artemisia | Balach1938a
Artemisia argentea | Balach1938a
Asteraceae | BesheaTiHo1973
Ayapana triplinervis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Eupatorium triplinerve)
Baccharis | BesheaTiHo1973 McDani1969
Baccharis neglecta | McDani1969
Baccharis salicina | McDani1969 | (= Baccharis emoryi)
Bellis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Borrichia frutescens | BesheaTiHo1973
Cassinia quinquefaria | Brimbl1968
Chrysanthemum | CockerRo1915a WilliaWa1988
Chrysanthemum indicum | Brimbl1968
Dittrichia viscosa | Balach1932d | (= Inula viscosa)
Elephantopus scaber | WilliaWa1988
Eupatorium | BesheaTiHo1973
Eupatorium serotinum | McDani1969
Fitchia | WilliaWa1988
Gerbera jamesonii | Brimbl1968
Glebionis coronaria | Hall1923 | (= Chrysanthemum coronarium)
Glebionis segetum | Balach1932d | (= Chrysanthemum segetum)
Ozothamnus leptophyllus | Hender2011
Pachystegia insignis | Hender2011
Phagnalon saxatile | Balach1938a
Scalesia | Leonar1920 Lepage1938 MerrilCh1923
Scalesia baurii | Kuwana1902 | (= Scalesia hopkinsii)
Tithonia diversifolia | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a

Begoniaceae

Begonia | MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988

Berberidaceae

Berberis vulgaris | DeLott1967a

Bignoniaceae

Bignonia | Hall1923
Campsis radicans | Borchs1966 Mamet1950 Mamet1951 | (= Tecoma radicans)
Catalpa bungei | BicheArMe2022 | (= Catalpa fargesii)
Tecoma fulva | BenDov2012 | ssp. guarume (= Stenolobium alatum)

Boraginaceae

Cordia | WilliaWa1988
Cordia africana | DeLott1967a | (= Cordia holstii)
Cordia curassavica | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Cordia interrupta)
Cordia myxa | Borchs1966 Hall1923 Mamet1943a
Ehretia saligna | Brimbl1968 | var. membranifolia)
Wigandia caracasana | GomezM1962

Brassicaceae

Brassica | LagowsGoHo2022
Lobularia maritima | Brimbl1968

Buxaceae

Buxus balearica | BicheArMe2022
Buxus microphylla | Kuwana1927 | (= Buxus japonica)
Buxus sempervirens | Hender2011 Moghad2013a | ssp.hyrcana

Cactaceae

Cactaceae | Lepage1938
Cactus | Green1896e
Opuntia ficus-indica | Balach1932d
Opuntia tomentosa | Balach1932d

Calophyllaceae

Mammea | MerrilCh1923

Campanulaceae

Campanula | Kuwana1927 Leonar1900 Takaha1929

Cannabaceae

Trema orientalis | DeLott1967a | (= Trema guineensis)

Cannaceae

Canna | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a

Caprifoliaceae

Lonicera implexa | MifsudMaRu2014

Caricaceae

Carica papaya | Brimbl1968

Casuarinaceae

Casuarina | Almeid1973b Borchs1966 Dekle1965c Mamet1959a Takaha1941b WilliaWa1988
Casuarina equisetifolia | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a

Celastraceae

Denhamia pittosporoides | Brimbl1968
Elaeodendron croceum | BicheArMe2022 | (= Elaeodendron capense)
Euonymus | McKenz1956 MerrilCh1923
Euonymus japonicus | BicheArMe2022

Chrysobalanaceae

Atuna racemosa | WilliaWa1988 | (= Parinari laurinum)
Parinari | WilliaWa1988

Cistaceae

Cistus heterophyllus | Balach1932d
Cistus salviifolius | Balach1932d

Clusiaceae

Garcinia spicata | Takagi1969a

Combretaceae

Terminalia | Almeid1971
Terminalia catappa | LagowsGoHo2022

Convolvulaceae

Astripomoea malvacea | Hall1928 | (= Astrochlaena malvacea)
Ipomoea tuberculata | LagowsGoHo2022

Crassulaceae

Kalanchoe pinnata | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Bryophyllum pinnatum)

Cucurbitaceae

Cucurbita moschata | BenDov2012

Cupressaceae

Cupressus arizonica | Brimbl1968
Cupressus lusitanica | Hall1928
Cupressus × leylandii | Hender2011 | (= Cuprocyparis leylandii)
Juniperus | Takagi1969a
Platycladus orientalis | Brimbl1968
Thuja | GomezM1962

Cycadaceae

Cycas | Cohic1958 Green1896e Takagi1969a WilliaWa1988
Cycas revoluta | Almeid1973b Takagi1969a Takaha1929 Velasq1971

Cyperaceae

Cyperus imbricatus | Velasq1971 | (= Cyperus radiatus)

Cyrillaceae

Cliftonia monophylla | BesheaTiHo1973

Dioscoreaceae

Dioscorea | WilliaWa1988

Ebenaceae

Diospyros discolor | Takagi1969a
Diospyros kaki | Hall1923 TomkinWiTh2000
Diospyros pallens | Hall1928

Elaeagnaceae

Elaeagnus | MerrilCh1923
Elaeagnus angustifolia | BenDov2012

Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus tonganus | WilliaWa1988

Ephedraceae

Ephedra | Brimbl1968

Ericaceae

Erica | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a
Erica arborea | BicheArMe2022
Ericaceae | BesheaTiHo1973
Leucopogon fasciculatus | Hender2011
Leucothoe | BesheaTiHo1973
Rhododendron | Takagi1969a

Euphorbiaceae

Aleurites moluccanus | DeLott1967a WilliaWa1988
Euphorbia caput-medusae | MazzeoSuRu2008
Euphorbia origanoides | MalumpWhHa2015
Manihot esculenta | WilliaWa1988
Suregada procera | DeLott1967a | (= Gelonium procerum)
Triadica sebifera | BesheaTiHo1973 | (= Sapium sebiferum)
Vernicia fordii | Balach1956 MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988 | (= Aleurites fordii)

Fabaceae

Abrus precatorius | Beards1966
Acacia | Almeid1973b Hall1928 McKenz1956 MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988
Acacia concurrens | Brimbl1968 | (= Acacia cunninghamii)
Acacia decurrens | Brimbl1968 Hall1922 Hall1928
Acacia eburnea | Balach1932d
Acacia farnesiana | Bodenh1924 Zimmer1948
Acacia harpophylla | Brimbl1968
Acacia mearnsii | DeLott1967a | (= Acacia molissima)
Acacia melanoxylon | NormarOkMo2019
Acacia nilotica | Hall1922 | (= Acacia arabica)
Acacia pubescens | DeLott1967a
Acacia saligna | BenDov2012 Pelliz1987 | (= Acacia cyanophylla)
Albizia | MerrilCh1923
Albizia julibrissin | CaliskUl2017
Albizia lebbeck | Borchs1966 Hall1923 Mamet1943a Mamet1951
Albizia saman | Takaha1942b WilliaWa1988 | (= Pithecellobium saman, Samanea saman)
Andira | MerrilCh1923
Anthyllis cytisoides | Martin1983
Bauhinia | Almeid1973b Balach1956 BesheaTiHo1973 Newste1917b
Bauhinia aculeata | BicheArMe2022 | ssp. grandiflora
Bauhinia purpurea | BicheArMe2022
Biancaea decapetala | Hall1922 | (= Caesalpinia sepiaria)
Caesalpinia bonduc | AbdRabEv2021
Cajanus cajan | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 DeLott1967a Mamet1943a
Calicotome spinosa | BicheArMe2022 BicheArMe2022
Calicotome villosa | PellizFo1996
Canavalia | WilliaWa1988
Canavalia ensiformis | Almeid1973b
Cassia | WilliaWa1988
Cassia artemisioides | Brimbl1968
Castanospermum australe | Brimbl1968
Ceratonia siliqua | Bodenh1926 InserrCa1987
Cercis siliquastrum | Bodenh1924
Coronilla valentina | Balach1932d | (= Coronilla pentaphylla)
Cytisus supranubius | GomezM1962 | (= Spartocytisus nubigens)
Dalbergia | Green1896e
Dalbergia pseudo-sissoo | Green1896e Leonar1920 | (= Dalbergia championii)
Dalbergia sissoo | Hall1922
Delonix regia | Ramakr1919a | (= Poinciana regia)
Desmodium incanum | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Desmodium frutescens)
Dichrostachys cinerea | Almeid1973b
Erythrina abyssinica | Hall1928 | (= Erythrina tomentosa)
Erythrina caffra | DeLott1967a
Falcataria falcata | WilliaWa1988 | (= Albizia falcataria)
Indigofera arrecta | DeLott1967a
Indigofera hirsuta | Beards1966
Inga edulis | Moghad2013a
Jacksonia scoparia | Brimbl1968
Lablab purpureus | Hall1922 | (= Dolichos lablab
Leucaena leucocephala | Beards1966 WilliaWa1988 | (= Leucaena glauca)
Mimosa pudica | WilliaWa1988
Mundulea | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a
Parkinsonia | Balach1932d Hall1928
Parkinsonia aculeata | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1951
Pithecellobium dulce | WilliaWa1988
Robinia | Martin1983 Zahrad1972
Robinia pseudoacacia | Balach1932d Bodenh1924 Green1923b Hall1923
Schleinitzia insularum | WilliaWa1988 | (= Prosopis insularum)
Senna didymobotrya | DeLott1967a | (= Cassia didymobotrya)
Ulex europaeus | Hender2011
Vachellia nilotica | Hall1922

Fagaceae

Quercus | Zahrad1972
Quercus coccifera | SpodekBeMe2014 | (= Quercus calliprinos)
Quercus ithaburensis | SpodekBeMe2014

Ginkgoaceae

Ginkgo biloba | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a BicheArMe2022

Goodeniaceae

Scaevola sericea | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Scaevola frutescens)

Heliconiaceae

Heliconia | WilliaWa1988
Heliconia platystachys | Velasq1971

Hypericaceae

Hypericum | BesheaTiHo1973
Hypericum calycinum | Brimbl1968
Hypericum canariense | BicheArMe2022

Iridaceae

Gladiolus | Brimbl1968 Lit1997b McKenz1956 WilliaWa1988
Ixia | BenDov2012
Libertia ixioides | Hender2011

Juglandaceae

Carya illinoinensis | BenDov2012 Brimbl1968 | (= Carya pecan)
Juglans regia | Brimbl1968

Lamiaceae

Rosmarinus officinalis | BicheArMe2022
Salvia | BenDov2012
Vitex lucens | Hender2011

Lauraceae

Cinnamomum camphora | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1943a
Endiandra palmerstonii | Brimbl1968
Laurus nobilis | MifsudMaRu2014
Litsea akoensis | Takagi1969a
Litsea glutinosa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Nectandra purpurea | NormarMoKr2014
Persea | McKenz1956
Persea americana | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 DeLott1967a GersonZo1973 Hall1923 Mamet1943a McDani1969 WilliaWa1988 | (= Persea gratissima)
Ravensara | Borchs1966 Mamet1950

Lecythidaceae

Barringtonia | Takaha1941b WilliaWa1988
Barringtonia asiatica | Beards1966 WilliaWa1988

Loranthaceae

Amyema pendula | Brimbl1968
Loranthus | Green1896e Leonar1920
Muellerina bidwillii | Brimbl1968 | (= Phrygilanthus bidwillii)

Lythraceae

Lagerstroemia | MerrilCh1923
Lagerstroemia indica | Brimbl1968 MerrilCh1923
Lawsonia | MerrilCh1923
Pemphis acidula | WilliaWa1988
Punica granatum | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a

Magnoliaceae

Magnolia grandiflora | BicheArMe2022

Malvaceae

Abutilon | WilliaWa1988
Abutilon hirtum | WilliaWa1988 | (= Abutilon graveolens)
Bombax | Balach1932d | (= Eriodendron)
Brachychiton | BenDov2012 Bodenh1924
Brachychiton populneus | BicheArMe2022
Ceiba pentandra | WilliaWa1988
Ceiba speciosa | BicheArMe2022 | (= Chorisia speciosa)
Dombeya | MerrilCh1923 | (= Assonia)
Durio | Suh2016
Entelea arborescens | Hender2011
Firmiana simplex | BicheArMe2022 | (= Sterculia platanifolia)
Gossypium | WilliaWa1988
Hibiscus | Borchs1966 Mamet1956
Hibiscus mutabilis | McDani1969
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis | Brimbl1968 Takagi1969a Takaha1929
Hoheria populnea | Hender2011
Plagianthus divaricatus | Hender2011
Sida ulmifolia | NoronhWoMe2023
Sterculia | Balach1932d
Tilia euchlora | BicheArMe2022
Urena lobata | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a

Melastomataceae

Melastoma | MerrilCh1923
Melastoma malabathricum | Takagi1969a | (= Melastoma candidum)

Meliaceae

Azadirachta indica | MartinWoCu2022
Dysoxylum spectabile | Hender2011
Melia | Schmut1998
Melia azedarach | Balach1932d Bodenh1926 Borchs1966 Mamet1943a McDani1969 MerrilCh1923 Schmut1998 WilliaWa1988 | (= Azedarach indica)
Owenia venosa | Brimbl1968
Toona ciliata | Brimbl1968 | (= Cedrela toona australis)

Menispermaceae

Cocculus laurifolius | BicheArMe2022

Moraceae

Artocarpus | MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988 Wilson1917
Artocarpus altilis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Artocarpus communis)
Artocarpus heterophyllus | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988 | (= Artocarpus integrifolius)
Ficus | BesheaTiHo1973 Borchs1966 Hall1922 Lepage1938 Mamet1950 Martin1983 MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988
Ficus amplissima | Green1907 | (= Ficus indica)
Ficus benghalensis | Bodenh1926
Ficus benjamina | Hender2011
Ficus carica | Balach1932d Bodenh1926 Bodenh1928 Borchs1966 GomezM1962 Green1896e Mamet1943a Martin1983
Ficus glandulifera | WilliaWa1988
Ficus habrophylla | Beards1966 | (= Ficus edulis)
Ficus pumila | Hender2011
Ficus repens | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
Ficus retusa | BicheArMe2022
Ficus rubiginosa | Bodenh1924 | (= Ficus ferruginea)
Ficus sycomorus | BenDov2012
Morus | Bodenh1937 GomezM1962 Hall1922 McDani1969
Morus alba | Bodenh1924 Ferris1921a Takagi1969a Takaha1929
Morus nigra | Martin1983
Morus rubra | McDani1969
Streblus heterophyllus | Hender2011

Moringaceae

Moringa oleifera | MerrilCh1923

Musaceae

Musa | Green1923b WilliaWa1988
Musa acuminata | Balach1932d Brimbl1968 | (= Musa cavendishii)
Musa banksii | Brimbl1968
Musa paradisiaca | Borchs1966 Hall1923 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988 | (= Musa sapientum)

Myristicaceae

Myristica hypargyraea | WilliaWa1988

Myrtaceae

Acca sellowiana | BicheArMe2022 | (= Feijoa sellowiana)
Austromyrtus dulcis | Brimbl1968
Eucalyptus | BenDov2012
Eucalyptus crebra | Brimbl1968
Eucalyptus grandis | WilliaWa1988
Eucalyptus pilularis | Brimbl1968
Eugenia bergii | BicheArMe2022
Leptospermum scoparium | Brimbl1968
Lophostemon suaveolens | Brimbl1968 | (= Tristania suaeveolens)
Melaleuca nesophila | MerrilCh1923 Wilson1917
Metrosideros | Zimmer1948
Myrtus communis | Martin1983
Psidium | Lepage1938
Psidium cattleyanum | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988
Psidium guajava | Borchs1966 GrandpCh1899 Green1923b Mamet1943a Takagi1969a WilliaWa1988 Borchs1966 Mamet1951 | (= Psidium pomiferum)
Rhodomyrtus psidioides | Brimbl1968
Syzygium malaccense | WilliaWa1988 | (= Eugenia malaccensis)

Oleaceae

Fraxinus angustifolia | BicheArMe2022
Jasminum didymum | Brimbl1968 | ssp. lineare (= Jasminum lineare)
Jasminum humile | Hall1922
Jasminum sambac | Cocker1894g | (= Jasminum pubescens)
Ligustrum | MerrilCh1923
Olea | Bodenh1937
Olea europaea | Almeid1973b Bodenh1924 Brimbl1968 Matile1984c McKenz1956
Osmanthus | BesheaTiHo1973

Onagraceae

Fuchsia | McKenz1956
Oenothera lindheimeri | Borchs1966 Mamet1954 | (= Gaura lindheimeri)

Orchidaceae

Cymbidium sinense | Takagi1969a Takaha1929
Epidendrum | MerrilCh1923
Prosthechea fragrans | BatsanKaKi2017

Oxalidaceae

Averrhoa carambola | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Velasq1971 WilliaWa1988

Paeoniaceae

Paeonia | BenDov2012

Pandanaceae

Freycinetia gladiifolia | Zimmer1948
Pandanus | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a WilliaWa1988
Pandanus tectorius | Leonar1920 | (= Pandanus veitchii)

Passifloraceae

Passiflora edulis | WilliaWa1988

Peraceae

Clutia abyssinica | DeLott1967a | var. var. usambarica (= Clutia mollis)

Philydraceae

Helmholtzia glaberrima | Brimbl1968

Phyllanthaceae

Phyllanthus | Hall1922

Phytolaccaceae

Phytolacca americana | BicheArMe2022 | (= Phytolacca deccandra)

Picrodendraceae

Petalostigma pubescens | Brimbl1968

Pinaceae

Cedrus | McKenz1956
Pinus brutia | BenDov2012 | (= Pinus eldarica)
Pinus pseudostrobus | NormarOkMo2019

Piperaceae

Macropiper excelsum | Hender2011
Piper cernuum | NoronhWoMe2023
Piper methysticum | WilliaBu1987
Piper reticulatum | NoronhWoMe2023

Plantaginaceae

Veronica | Green1925b
Veronica ligustrifolia | Hender2011 | (= Hebe ligustrifolia)

Platanaceae

Platanus | Bodenh1937 Hall1923 Zahrad1972
Platanus orientalis | Balach1932d Bodenh1924 | (= Thuja orientalis)

Plumbaginaceae

Limonium cymuliferum | Martin1983 | (= Statice gummifer)

Poaceae

Bambusa | NoronhWoMe2023
Chloris | WilliaWa1988
Saccharum | Hall1922
Thysanolaena latifolia | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Thysanolaena agrostis)

Podocarpaceae

Dacrycarpus dacrydioides | Hender2011

Polygonaceae

Antigonon leptopus | Newste1911
Coccoloba | BesheaTiHo1973
Homalocladium platycladum | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Zimmer1948 | (= Muehlenbeckia platyclada)

Primulaceae

Ardisia sieboldii | Takagi1969a
Cyclamen persicum | BenDov2012
Myrsine australis | Hender2011
Theophrasta | BicheArMe2022
Wallenia laurifolia | MestreHoHa2015

Proteaceae

Banksia robur | NormarOkMo2019
Grevillea | BenDov2012 McKenz1956
Grevillea robusta | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1943a
Leucospermum | Suh2016
Macadamia | BenDov2012
Macadamia integrifolia | Balach1956 Brimbl1968
Macadamia ternifolia | BicheArMe2022
Macadamia tetraphylla | Brimbl1968
Persoonia cornifolia | Brimbl1968
Protea | BenDov2012

Pteridaceae

Pteris | Almeid1971

Rhamnaceae

Condalia hookeri | McDani1969 | (= Condalia obovata)
Hovenia dulcis | BicheArMe2022
Karwinskia humboldtiana | Ferris1921
Ziziphus | Hall1922

Rhizophoraceae

Bruguiera | TakagiDe2011
Rhizophora | Beards1966
Rhizophora mucronata | WilliaWa1988

Rosaceae

Cotoneaster pannosus | BenDov2012
Crataegus monogyna | Hender2011
Crataegus rhipidophylla | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Crataegus oxyacantha)
Cydonia oblonga | Brimbl1968 Comsto1881a Green1896e Hall1922 | (= Pyrus cydonia)
Eriobotrya | Dekle1965c Green1923b
Eriobotrya japonica | BesheaTiHo1973 Bodenh1924 Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Martin1983
Malus domestica | Almeid1973b Matile1984c | (= Pyrus malus)
Malus sylvestris | Brimbl1968 WilliaWa1988
Prunus | BesheaTiHo1973
Prunus amygdalus | BicheArMe2022
Prunus avium | Brimbl1968
Prunus domestica | Hall1922 Martin1983
Prunus dulcis | BenDov2012 Martin1983 | (= Amygdalus communis)
Prunus laurocerasus | BicheArMe2022
Prunus persica | Green1908a WilliaWa1988
Prunus spinosa | Martin1983
Pyracantha | BesheaTiHo1973
Pyrus | Green1923b Lepage1938
Pyrus bourgaeana | Balach1932d | (= Pyrus mamorensis)
Pyrus communis | Almeid1971 Brimbl1968 Hall1923 Martin1983
Rosa | Almeid1971 Almeid1973b Dekle1965c Hall1928 McKenz1956
Rosa indica | WilliaWa1988
Rubus | BenDov2012 McKenz1956
Rubus australis | Hender2011

Rousseaceae

Carpodetus serratus | Hender2011

Rubiaceae

Atractocarpus fitzalanii | Brimbl1968 | (= Randia fitzalani)
Canthium | Almeid1973b
Coffea canephora | WilliaWa1988
Coprosma areolata | Hender2011
Gardenia jasminoides | MestreHaEv2011 | (= Gardenia augusta)
Morinda | Beards1966
Morinda citrifolia | Beards1966 WilliaWa1988
Saprosma foetens | Leonar1920 | ssp. ceylanicum (= Saprosma ceylanica)
Timonius | WilliaWa1988

Rutaceae

Calodendrum capense | DeLott1967a
Citrus | Green1915c Green1937 Lepage1938 Takagi1969a Takaha1939b
Citrus aurantiifolia | WilliaBu1987 WilliaWa1988
Citrus aurantium | WilliaWa1988
Citrus glauca | Brimbl1968
Citrus limon | Brimbl1968
Citrus maxima | Green1896e WilliaWa1988 | (= Citrus decumana)
Citrus paradisi | NormarOkMo2019
Citrus reticulata | WilliaWa1988
Citrus sinensis | Beards1966 Brimbl1968 Laing1927 WilliaWa1988
Coleonema | Brimbl1968

Salicaceae

Dovyalis caffra | Borchs1934 DeLott1967a | (= Aberia caffra
Populus | Hall1923
Populus alba | Balach1932d Zahrad1972
Populus nigra | Balach1932d
Salix | McDani1969 McKenz1956
Salix babylonica | Brimbl1968 Hall1923
Salix caprea | Brimbl1968
Salix nigra | McDani1969

Santalaceae

Korthalsella salicornioides | HenderSuRo2010
Phoradendron leucarpum | BesheaTiHo1973 | (= Phoradendron flavescens)

Sapindaceae

Alectryon excelsus | Hender2011
Cupania americana | MestreHoHa2015
Dimocarpus longan | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Euphoria longana)
Dodonaea viscosa | WilliaWa1988
Litchi chinensis | GroveScDe2014 Hender2011
Nephelium lappaceum | HernanNiMa2011

Sapotaceae

Chrysophyllum cainito | WilliaWa1988
Manilkara zapota | CockerRo1915a Velasq1971 | (= Achras sapota)
Mimusops coriacea | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Mimusops bojeri)
Sapotaceae | WilliaWa1988

Saxifragaceae

Saxifraga | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a

Scrophulariaceae

Buddleja davidii | BicheArMe2022
Leucophyllum frutescens | McDani1969 | (= Leucophyllum texanum)
Myoporum | Balach1932d

Solanaceae

Brugmansia arborea | Martin1983 | (= Datura arborea)
Capsicum frutescens | WilliaWa1988
Solanum | Brimbl1968 WilliaWa1988
Solanum campylacanthum | DeLott1967a
Solanum coagulans | Bodenh1924
Solanum erianthum | NoronhWoMe2023
Solanum linnaeanum | Hender2011
Solanum mauritianum | Hender2011
Solanum melongena | MatileEt2006
Solanum nigrum | McDani1969

Stixaceae

Forchhammeria watsonii | Ferris1921

Strelitziaceae

Ravenala madagascariensis | Takagi1969a
Strelitzia | BenDov2012 Bodenh1952
Strelitzia alba | Balach1932d | (= Strelitzia augusta)
Strelitzia nicolai | BicheArMe2022
Strelitzia reginae | Balach1932d BenDov2012 Hender2011

Taxaceae

Taxus baccata | BicheArMe2022

Theaceae

Camellia | Green1896e Leonar1920 | (= Thea)
Camellia japonica | NoriyuMaYo2023
Camellia sinensis | DeLott1967a Lepage1938 | (= Camellia thea, Thea sinensis)

Thymelaeaceae

Daphne gnidium | Pelliz1987
Thymelaea hirsuta | BenDov2012 Bodenh1924 Bodenh1924a
Wikstroemia indica | Brimbl1968

Ulmaceae

Chaetachme aristata | DeLott1967a
Ulmus glabra | BicheArMe2022 | (= Ulmus campestris)
Ulmus minor | Zahrad1972 | (= Ulmus carpinifolia)
Zelkova serrata | Hender2011

Verbenaceae

Glandularia hybrida | Brimbl1968
Lantana | Lepage1938
Lantana camara | Brimbl1968
Verbena hybrida | Brimbl1968

Vitaceae

Vitis | BesheaTiHo1973 Borchs1966 Green1907 Lepage1938 Mamet1943a
Vitis berlandieri | BicheArMe2022
Vitis riparia | BicheArMe2022
Vitis rupestris | BicheArMe2022
Vitis vinifera | Almeid1973b Balach1932d Borchs1966 Green1923b Mamet1943a Takagi1969a Takaha1932a Takaha1933

Winteraceae

Zygogynum | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988

Zingiberaceae

Aframomum cereum | Balach1956 | (= Amomum sceptrum)

Foes:

Families: 13 | Genera: 31

Aphelinidae

Aphytis chilensis | RosenDe1979
Aphytis chrysomphali | RosenDe1979
Aphytis coheni | RosenDe1979
Aphytis confusus | RosenDe1979 |
Aphytis diaspidis | RosenDe1979 Zimmer1948
Aphytis hispanicus | BelgueBiBe2017
Aphytis holoxanthus | LazaroGoRo2023
Aphytis lepidosaphes | LazaroGoRo2023
Aphytis lingnanensis | RosenDe1979
Aphytis maculicornis | RosenDe1979
Aphytis manii | RehmatAnKh2011
Aphytis melinus | RosenDe1979
Aphytis mytilaspidis | RosenDe1979
Aphytis paramaculicornis | RosenDe1979
Aphytis perplexus | RosenDe1979
Aphytis proclia | RosenDe1979
Aphytis vandenboschi | RosenDe1979
Coccobius averini | LazaroGoRo2021
Coccobius juliae | LazaroGoRo2021
Coccobius mariae | LazaroGoRo2021
Coccophagus | LazaroGoRo2023
Encarsia | LazaroGoLo2012
Encarsia aurantii | PolaszAbHu1999
Encarsia bicolor | Zimmer1948 | (= Prospaltella bicolor)
Encarsia citrina | CharleHiAl1995 Parede2019 | (= Aspidiotiphagus citrinus)
Encarsia gaonae | LazaroGoRo2021
Encarsia juanae | MyartsRuCo2016
Encarsia lounsburyi | AbdRab2001a
Marietta mexicana | LazaroGoLo2012
Paraphytis | LazaroGoRo2023
Prophyscus | LazaroGoRo2023
Pteroptrix | LazaroGoRo2023

Cecidomyiidae

Dentifibula obtusilobae | Harris1990

Cheyletidae

Cheletomimus berlesei | GersonOcHo1990

Chrysopidae

Chrysopa californica | ChuaWo1990
Chrysoperla plorabunda | ChuaWo1990

Coccinellidae

Chilocorus bipustulatus | Kacar2015
Chilocorus nigritus | BaskarSu2006
Chilocorus stigma | ChuaWo1990
Coccidophilus citricola | AguileMeVa1984
Cycloneda rubripennis | ChuaWo1990
Pharoscymnus | BelgueBiBe2017
Pharoscymnus setulosus | BelgueBiBe2017
Rhyzobius fagus | CharleHiAl1995 | (= Scymnus fagus)
Rhyzobius lophanthae | BelgueBiBe2017 | (= Lindorus lophanthae)
Scymnus mediterraneus | BelgueBiBe2017 | (= Mimopullus mediterraneus)

Cybocephalidae

Cybocephalus | BelgueBiBe2017
Cybocephalus micans | Blumbe1973

Encyrtidae

Adelencyrtus | LazaroGoRo2023
Comperiella | LazaroGoRo2023
Habrolepis diaspidi | AbdRab2001a | (= Habrolepis aspidioti)
Metaphycus flavus | WolffEfDa2018
Plagiomerus | LazaroGoLo2012
Plagiomerus diaspidis | Trjapi1989
Thomsonisca | LazaroGoRo2023

Forficulidae

Forficula auricularia | LoganMaRo2017

Hemisarcoptidae

Hemisarcoptes coccophagus | CharleHiAl1995 GersonOcHo1990 HillAlHe1993
Hemisarcoptes malus | GersonOcHo1990

Hypocreales

Cosmospora aurantiicola | MauchlHaHi2011

Nectriaceae

Nectria flammea | EvansPr1990

Phlaeothripidae

Haplothrips flavipes | ChuaWo1990 | (= Watsoniella flavipes)

Signiphoridae

Signiphora | AmouroCrCo2019 LazaroGoLo2012
Signiphora aspidioti | Woolle1990 Zimmer1948
Signiphora falcata | LazaroGoRo2021
Signiphora fax | LazaroGoRo2021 Woolle1990
Signiphora flavella | Gordh1979
Signiphora flavopalliata | Gordh1979
Signiphora louisianae | Gordh1979
Signiphora merceti | CharleHiAl1995
Signiphora perpauca | Woolle1990
Signiphora townsendi | Gordh1979

Associates:

Families: 1 | Genera: 1

Rhizobiaceae

Candidatus Walczuchella monophlebidarum | GruwelVoPa2005

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 114

Agalega Islands | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a

Algeria | Balach1927 Balach1932d SaighiDoBi2005

Angola | Fernan1989 Muntin1969

Argentina

Buenos Aires | GranarCl2003
Corrientes | GranarCl2003
Entre Rios | GranarCl2003
Mendoza | GranarCl2003
Misiones | GranarCl2003
Salta | GranarCl2003
Santiago del Estero | GranarCl2003
Tucuman | GranarCl2003

Ascension Island | MalumpWhHa2015 WilliaMe2007

Australia | Suh2016

Queensland | Brimbl1968

Austria | Malump2011a

Azores | FrancoRuMa2011

Bangladesh | Varshn2002

Bonin Islands (=Ogasawara-Gunto) | Beards1966 Kawai1987 Kuwana1909a

Brazil | ImenesBeWo1999 WolffCo1993a

Amazonas | AlmeidPeMa2018
Espirito Santo | CulikMaVe2008
Minas Gerais | Hempel1900a Lepage1938
Para | MartinFoCu2015 NoronhWoMe2023
Rio Grande do Sul | ParisPeZa2015
Rio de Janeiro | Lepage1938 RosenDe1979
Sao Paulo | Lepage1938

Bulgaria | Tsalev1968

Cameroon | Balach1956 MatileNo1984

Canary Islands | Balach1946 GomezM1962 GomezM1967O MatileOr2001 PerezGCa1987

Cape Verde | Balach1956 Fernan1972 SchmutPiKl1978 VanHarCoWi1990

Chile | Gonzal1989 Gonzal1989a GonzalCh1968 VargasRo2008

Coquimbo | PizarrAlBa2020

China | Kuwana1927 Tang1984

Xianggang (=Hong Kong) | MartinLa2011

Colombia | Figuer1946 Kondo2001

Comoros | Matile1978

Cook Islands | WilliaWa1988

Corsica | Foldi2003

Costa Rica | Suh2016

Crete | PellizPoSe2011 RosenDe1979

Croatia | Masten2007

Cuba | MestreHaEv2011

Cyprus | RosenDe1979 SismanUl2010

Czech Republic | Zahrad1953 Zahrad1977 Zahrad1990b

Democratic Republic of the Congo (=Zaire) | Balach1956

Dominican Republic | GomezM1941

Ecuador | YustCe1956

Egypt | AbdRabEv2021 Bodenh1923 Ezzat1958 Hall1922 Hall1923

Federated States of Micronesia | Takaha1942d

Caroline Islands | Takaha1941b
Kosrae (=Kusaie) | Beards1966
Pohnpei Island | Beards1966
Truk Islands | Beards1966 Takaha1939b
Yap | Beards1966

Fiji | Green1915c HodgsoLa2011 WilliaWa1988

France | FoldiGe2018 Signor1869b

French Polynesia

Society Islands | DoaneHa1909 Ferris1935 WilliaWa1988

Galapagos Islands | CaustoPeSi2006 Kuwana1902a PeckHeLa1998

Georgia (Republic of) | BatsanKaKi2017

Abkhaz ASSR | Borchs1934 Borchs1936
Adzhar ASSR | Borchs1936

Ghana | Balach1956 Newste1917b

Greece | Bodenh1928 Korone1934 RosenDe1979

Guadeloupe | MatileEt2006

Guiana | GermaiDeLa2016

Guinea | Balach1956

Guyana (=British Guiana) | Newste1914

Haiti | PerezG2008

Hawaiian Islands

Hawaii | Maskel1897a Zimmer1948

India | Green1908a Ramakr1921a

Assam | Varshn2002
Himachal Pradesh | Verma2014
Karnataka | PrakasPa2015 UsmanPu1955
Maharashtra | Varshn2002
Odisha (=Orissa) | Varshn2002
Tamil Nadu | Varshn2002
West Bengal | Varshn2002

Indonesia | Kalsho1981

Irian Jaya | WilliaWa1988

Iran | Moghad2004

Israel | Bodenh1924 Bodenh1937 GersonZo1973 RosenDe1979 SpodekBeMe2014

Italy | InserrCa1987 Leonar1920 LongoMaPe1995 Pelliz1987

Sicily | InserrCa1987

Jamaica | Newste1917b

Japan | Kawai1980 Kuwana1917a Kuwana1933

Honshu | Kuwana1902 TakahaTa1956
Shikoku | TakahaTa1956

Kenya | DeLott1967a Newste1917b Schmut1998

Kiribati | WilliaWa1988

Latvia | Stalaz2021

Lebanon | AbdulNMo2006 Bodenh1926

Madagascar | Borchs1966 Mamet1950 Mamet1951 Mamet1954 Mamet1959a

Madeira Islands | Balach1938a FrancoRuMa2011 Green1923b

Malaysia | Suh2016

Malta | Borg1932 MifsudMaRu2014

Marshall Islands | Beards1966

Martinique | MatileEt2006

Mauritius | Borchs1966 GrandpCh1899 Mamet1943a Mamet1949

Mexico | Cocker1899n MillarChMc2012

Baja California Norte | Ferris1921
Colima | LazaroGoRo2023
Guanajuato | LazaroGoRo2023
Jalisco | LazaroGoRo2023
Mexico State | GonzalAt1984 LazaroGoRo2021
Michoacan | LazaroGoLo2012
Morelos | LazaroGoRo2023
Nayarit | LazaroGoRo2023
Queretaro | LazaroGoRo2023
Tamaulipas | NormarOkMo2019

Mongolia | DanzigKo1990

Morocco | Balach1932d

Mozambique | Almeid1971

New Caledonia | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988

New Zealand | CharleHiAl1995 Hender2011

Niue | WilliaWa1988

Pakistan | Varshn2002

Palau | Beards1966

Panama | NormarMoKr2014

Papua New Guinea | WilliaWa1988

Peru | Nunez2008

Philippines | Suh2016

Luzon | CockerRo1915a Lit1997b

Poland | Dziedz1989

Portugal | Fernan1992 Seabra1941 Seabra1942

Puerto Rico & Vieques Island

Puerto Rico | ColonFMe1998 Martor1976

Reunion | GermaiMiPa2014 Mamet1957

Romania | DanzigPe1998 Teodor2018

Ryukyu Islands (=Nansei Shoto) | KinjoNaHi1996

Saint Helena | Matile1976

Saint Lucia | Malump2014a

Sao Tome and Principe | Seabra1921

Sardinia | Pelliz2011

Saudi Arabia | Matile1984c

Senegal | EtiennMa1993

Seychelles | Borchs1966 Green1907 Mamet1943a

Aldabra Island | WilliaMa2009b

Solomon Islands | WilliaWa1988

South Africa | Balach1956 BrainKe1917

South Korea | ESKSAE1994

Spain | BlayGo1993 GomezM1937 GomezM1946 Martin1983

Sri Lanka | Green1896e

Sudan | Balach1956

Taiwan | Ferris1921a Leonar1900 Takagi1969a Takaha1929 Takaha1932a WongChCh1999

Tanzania | Balach1956

Thailand | Takaha1942b

Tokelau | WilliaWa1988

Tonga | WilliaWa1988

Tunisia | Gharbi2021

Turkey | Bodenh1949 Bodenh1952

Tuvalu | WilliaWa1988

U.S. Virgin Islands | Beatty1944 Nakaha1983

Uganda | Balach1956 Gowdey1917 Newste1910a Newste1910c Newste1911 Newste1917b

United Kingdom

Channel Islands | Green1925b

United States

Alabama | BesheaTiHo1973
California | McKenz1956 MillarChMc2012 RosenDe1979
Florida | BesheaTiHo1973 Comsto1881a Dekle1965c Merril1953 MerrilCh1923 Wilson1917
Georgia | BesheaTiHo1973 TippinBe1970
Kansas | Hunter1899
Maryland | StoetzDa1974a
Mississippi | Herric1911
Missouri | Hollin1923
Texas | Herric1911 McDani1969
Virginia | BesheaTiHo1973

Vanuatu (=New Hebrides) | WilliaBu1987 WilliaWa1988

Vietnam | DanzigKo1990

Volcano Islands (=Kazan-Reto) | Beards1966

Wake Island | Beards1966

Western Samoa | Laing1927 WilliaWa1988

Zanzibar | Balach1956 Borchs1966 Green1916 Mamet1956

Zimbabwe | Balach1956 Hall1928

Keys

DaoBeWa2023: pp.1024, 1027-1028 ( Adult (F) ) [Diaspididae on citrus in Indochina and southern China.]
LazaroGoRo2023: pp.247-248 ( Adult (F) ) [Armored scale species on avocado in central Mexico]
MoghadWa2021: pp.131 ( Adult (F) ) [Hemiberlesia in Iran]
WeiScNo2021: pp.17-23 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotini from Panama]
Moghad2021: pp.378 ( Adult (F) ) [Hemiberlesia in Iran]
SchneiClWe2020: pp.67-71 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotini in Argentina]
LiuFe2018: pp.584 ( Adult (F) ) [Hemiberlesia in China]
WolffEfDa2018: pp.5-6 ( Adult (F) ) [Secies recorded on Olea europaea in Brazil]
Hender2011: pp.100 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Hemiberlesia adult females in New Zealand]
EvansWaMi2009: pp.63-67 ( Adult (F) ) [Diaspididae species found on avocado]
MillerDa2005: pp.29-35 ( Adult (F) ) [Field Key to Economic Armored Scales]
Gill1997: pp.155 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of California]
Koszta1996: pp.509 ( Adult (F) ) [Northeastern North America]
Danzig1993: pp.169 ( Adult (F) ) [Europe]
Zahrad1990b: pp.104 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
WilliaWa1988: pp.132 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific]
Terezn1986: pp.113 ( Adult (F) ) [Ukraine]
Chou1985: pp.300 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of China]
GersonZo1973: pp.516 ( Adult (F) ) [Israel]
Velasq1971: pp.110 ( Adult (F) ) [Philippines]
McDani1969: pp.107 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Texas]
Beards1966: pp.520 ( Adult (F) ) [Federated States of Micronesia ]
GomezM1962: pp.166 ( Adult (F) ) [Canary Islands]
Ezzat1958: pp.241 ( Adult (F) ) [Egypt]
Balach1956: pp.106 ( Adult (F) ) [Africa]
McKenz1956: pp.25 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: California]
Balach1953k: pp.114 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
Balach1948b: pp.299 ( Adult (F) ) [Mediterranean]
Lupo1948: pp.139 ( Adult (F) ) [Italy]
Zimmer1948: pp.358 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
Ferris1942: pp.34 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Archan1937: pp.99 ( Adult (F) ) [Central Asia]
Kuwana1933: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
Kuwana1933b: pp.49 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
Fullaw1932: pp.95-97, 107 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
Archan1929: pp.190 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic Region]
Hollin1923: pp.7-8 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Missouri]
Leonar1920: pp.29-30 ( Adult (F) ) [Italy]
Lawson1917: pp.217 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Kansas]
Robins1917: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Philippines]
DietzMo1916a: pp.289-290 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Indiana]
Cocker1905: pp.45-46 ( Adult (F) ) [Mexico]
Cocker1905b: pp.202 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Colorado]
Newell1899: pp.4-5, 25 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Green1896e: pp.40 ( Adult (F) ) [Sri Lanka]
Comsto1883: pp.55-57 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]

Remarks

Systematics: GeneBank Accession No. AB439521 (Yokogawa & Yahara, 2009). Aspidiotus implicatus Maskell, 1897 is a junior synonym of H. lataniae. However, Chou (1985: 303) listed the former as a synonym, whereas on page 305 it was regarded as a valid species. This species was reported to have uniparental as well as biparental populations (Brown, 1965). Hemiberlesia lataniae is a problematic species within the Diaspidiotus clade illustrated in Schneider, et al., 2018.
Structure: Female scale little elongated; yellow; transparent in center and white in the circumference or around the exuviae; exuviae large, oval elongate. Male scale not found (Signoret, 1869b). Female scale quite convex, with the exuviae displaced toward one side, the scale thus having a slightly tilted appearance, color ranging from white to gray, the exuviae described by some authors as yellowish but quite dark in all the specimens examined. Male scale unknown (Ferris, 1938a). Colour photograph by Gonzalez (1986), Gill (1997), Wong et al. (1999) and by Claps & Wolff (2003).
Biology: Occurring on any part of the host, but perhaps most commonly on the bark (Ferris, 1938a). Magsig-Castillo et al. (2010) have demonstrated the occurrence of phoretic dispersal of crawlers of Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret). The crawlers use the tarsal and claw digitules of each leg to attach themselves to three different insect species Musca domestica L., Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant and Linepithema humile (Mayr) and can effectively be moved phoretically by these insects. Hemiberlesia lataniae eggs are laid under the female shell and take a few hours to hatch. The first larval instar settles near the female mother and moults after 14 days. The larval development takes 56 to 65 days. Active dispersal is provided by the 􀂦rst stage and passive dispersal is achieved by wind and animal agents. Magsig-Castillo et al (2010) observed a larvae phoretic dispersal. Each year, H. lataniae completes 2 generations in USA (Stoetzel & Davidson 1974), 3 generations in Egypt (El-Minshway et al 1972) and 4 generations in Israel (Gerson & Zor 1973).
Economic Importance: The latania scale is a highly polyphagous scale insect (see Host Plants) and widely distributed in almost all zoogeographical regions (CABI, 1970, and see Distribution). It is a pest of several agricultural crops and ornamental plants, such as: Kiwi, in New Zealand (Hill, 1989a; Blank et al. 1992) and Chile (Gonzalez, 1989a); Olive in the Mediterranean Basin (Argyriou, 1990); avocado in Israel (Gerson & Zor, 1973), California (Gill, 1997) and Chile (Vargas & Rodríguez (2008); mango in Malaysia (Chua & Wood, 1990); tea plants (Nagarkatti & Sankaran, 1990); ornamentals in Florida (Dekle, 1976). Immature latania scale insects were found to be resistant to Cosmospora fungal infection. This is believed due to the adhesion of the test to the substrate, providing a physical barrier to fungal entry and the inability of this fungus to form appressoria. Cosmospora spp. can gain access to the bodies of armored scale insects only after the adult scale insect becomes reproductively mature. An opening must be present between the test and the substrate, as occurs when the mature insect is releasing crawlers. After the fungus has gained access under the test, it must locate a body orifice through which it invades and infects the insect. The age-related specificity of this pathosystem could be seen as a practical limitation to effective biopesticide application,
General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Brain (1918), Kuwana (1933), Balachowsky (1948, 1956), Zimmerman (1948), McKenzie (1956), Gomez-Menor Guerrero (1962), Takagi (1969a), Velasquez (1971), Tang (1984), Chou (1985, 1986), Tereznikova (1986), Williams & Watson (1988), Dziedzicka (1989), Zahradník (1990b), Danzig (1993), Kosztarab (1996), Gill (1997), Colon-Ferrer & Medina-Gaud (1998) and by Zamudio & Claps (2005). Description and illustration of adult female, male nymphs, male pupa and male prepupa by Stoetzel & Davidson (1974a).

Illustrations

Citations

AbdRab2001a: biological control, distribution, host, 176
AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 34-35
AbdulNMo2006: distribution, host, 517-520
AbouEl2001: biological control, distribution, host, 185-195
AguileDiGr1981: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 175-178
AguileMeVa1984: biological control, life history, 47-54
Almeid1971: distribution, host, 11-12
Almeid1973b: distribution, host, 9
AlmeidPeMa2018: distribution, host, 355
AmouroCrCo2019: distribution, natural enemies, 12
AmouroCrGe2017: phylogenetics, phylogeny, 3
AmunCl2015: distribution, host, 4
AndersWuGr2010: molecular data, 992-1003
Archan1929: taxonomy, 90
Archan1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 99-100
Argyri1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 579-583
ArgyriStMo1976: biological control, distribution, host, 26
Azeved1925: distribution, host, 85-86
Baker1976: biological control, life history, 1-25
Balach1927: distribution, host, 177
Balach1932b: ecology, 517-522
Balach1932d: distribution, host, taxonomy, III-IV
Balach1938a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 146-148
Balach1946: distribution, host, 212
Balach1948b: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 302-306
Balach1953k: taxonomy, 114
Balach1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 108
Balach1959a: distribution, host, 362
BalikaKoPr2011: distribution, host, 579
BarJosGe1973: economic importance, structure, 146-147
Barnes1930: biological control, 319-326
BartleDe1952: biological control, 16-17
BaskarSu2006: biological control, 159-164
BatsanKaKi2017: distribution, host, 258
Beards1966: distribution, host, 520-521
BeardsDaHo1976: economic importance, 105
BeardsGo1975: economic importance, 49
Beatty1944: distribution, host, 114-172
BelgueBiBe2017: biological control, natural enemies, 122, 127, 128
BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 30, 44
BenDovGe2003: catalog, 528-545
BenassAlLi1984: distribution, host, 325-327
BerryMoHi1989: distribution, economic importance, host, 182-186
BesheaTiHo1973: distribution, host, 6
BicheArMe2022: distribution, host, 501
BiezanSe1940: distribution, host, 67-68
BlankGiDo1997: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 293-297
BlankGiDo1999: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 1-12
BlankGiMc2000: ecology, host, life history, 1752-1759
BlankGiOl1994: distribution, host, life history, 304-309
BlankOl1989: chemical control, 191-194
BlankOl1990a: chemical control, 243-246
BlankOlCl1993: chemical control, distribution, host, 80-85
BlankOlGi1992: distribution, economic importance, host, 397-405
BlankOlGi1993: economic importance, 139-145
BlankOlGi1994: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 28-30
BlankOlTo1994: chemical control, 195-202
BlankOlWa1991: chemical control, 75-79
BlayGo1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 484-490
Blumbe1973: biological control, distribution, host, 125-131
BoboyeCa1975: chemical control, 473-476
Bodenh1924: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 32-33
Bodenh1924a: distribution, host, 122
Bodenh1926: distribution, host, 42
Bodenh1928: distribution, host, 191
Bodenh1935: distribution, host, 246
Bodenh1937: distribution, host, 217
Bodenh1944a: taxonomy, 81
Bodenh1949: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 65
Bodenh1952: description, distribution, host, structure, taxonomy, 339
Bondar1914: distribution, economic importance, host, 1064-1106
Bondar1915: distribution, economic importance, host, 44-47
Borchs1934: distribution, host, 28
Borchs1935a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25
Borchs1936: distribution, host, 133
Borchs1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 128
Borchs1937a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 41
Borchs1939: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 8,14
Borchs1949d: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 240
Borchs1950b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 218,223
Borchs1966: catalog, 305-308
Box1953: biological control, distribution, host, 51
Brain1918: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 129
BrainKe1917: distribution, 183
Brick1912: distribution, host, 1-22
Brimbl1961: distribution, host, 1-2
Brimbl1962: distribution, economic importance, host, 221
Brimbl1968: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 50-54
Britto1923b: distribution, host,
BurgerUl1990: economic importance, 313-327
Butani1979: economic importance, 36-40
CABI1976: distribution, host, 1-2
CaliskUl2017: distribution, host, taxonomy, 340
Caltag1985: biological control, taxonomy, 189-200
CanaleVa1999: biological control,
CaustoPeSi2006: distribution, 137
Charle1998: biological control, distribution, economic importance, 52N
CharleHe2002: distribution, economic importance, host, 587-615
CharleHiAl1995: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 319-324
CharleHiAl1995a: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 297-300
CheahIr1997: distribution, host,
Chiesa1948: distribution, economic importance, host,
Chou1985: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 302-305
Chou1986: illustration, taxonomy, 685
ChuaWo1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 543-552
ClapsDo2003: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 21
ClapsWoGo2001a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 19
Cocker1893cc: distribution, host, 101
Cocker1893j: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 255
Cocker1894g: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 129-131
Cocker1895b: taxonomy, 16
Cocker1896b: distribution, 334
Cocker1897i: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 21-24,27,29
Cocker1897q: taxonomy, 703
Cocker1897s: distribution, host, taxonomy, 384
Cocker1898n: distribution, host, taxonomy, 184-185
Cocker1899a: taxonomy, 395,396
Cocker1899n: distribution, host, taxonomy, 22,23
Cocker1900f: distribution, host, taxonomy, 72
Cocker1900k: taxonomy, 350
Cocker1905: taxonomy, 45-46
Cocker1905b: taxonomy, 202
CockerRo1915a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 427
Cohic1958: distribution, host, 14
ColonFMe1998: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 59-60
Comsto1881a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 295-296
Comsto1883: taxonomy, 61,78-79
CostaL1949: biological control, distribution, host, 65-87
Costan1938: distribution, host, 25-44
Creigh1942: control, distribution, host, 219-233
CulikMaVe2008: distribution, host, 1-6
DEDAC1923: distribution, host,
DahmsSm1994: biological control, distribution, host, 245-255
DaneelMeJa1994: distribution, host, 72-74
Danzig1964: distribution, host, taxonomy, 652
Danzig1972: distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 213
Danzig1990: distribution, host, 47
Danzig1993: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 174-175
DanzigKo1990: distribution, host, 47
DanzigPe1998: catalog, 272-273
DaoBeWa2023: key, 1028
DavidsDiFl1991: chemical control, 1-47
DavidsMi1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 603-632
DeBach1964: biological control,
DeBach1964d: biological control, 8-15
DeBach1974: biological control,
DeBachBa1964: biological control, 402-426
DeBachHu1971: biological control, 113-140
DeBachRo1991: biological control,
DeBachWh1960: biological control, life history, 4-58
DeLott1967a: distribution, host, 114
DeSant1940: biological control, 29-44
DeSant1979: biological control,
DeitzTo1980: taxonomy, 38,43
Dekle1954: distribution, economic importance, host, 226-228
Dekle1965c: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 71
Dekle1976: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 92
Dhilee1991: distribution, host, 94-99
Dhilee1996: biological control, distribution, host, 64-74
DicksoFl1955: distribution, host, 614-615
DietzMo1916a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 299-301
DixLuMoKu2019: distribution, host,
Doane1931: control, distribution, host,
DoaneFe1916: distribution, host, 400
DoaneHa1909: distribution, host, 297
DooleySm2013: catalog, 11
Doutt1959: biological control, 161-182
DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 115
Dozier1933: biological control, distribution, host, 85-100
DreistClFl1994: control, economic importance, life history, taxonomy,
Dupont1931: distribution, host, 1-18
Dziedz1989: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 106-108
EHG1897: distribution, host, 67-85
ESKSAE1994: distribution, list, 113
Ebelin1949: control, distribution, host, life history,
EbelinPe1953: control, distribution, host, life history, 1-35
EdwardCaPo2008: molecular biology, molecular data, 1944-1949
EfromRoWo2019: control, economic importance,
EhlerEn1984: biological control, chemical control, distribution, host, 1-47
Ehrhor1913: distribution, host, 101
ElMinsElHa1971a: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 461-467
ElMinsElHa1974: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 223-232
ElsebaAh2017: distribution, host, 1071
EtiennMa1993: distribution, host, 258
EvansPr1990: biological control, 3-17
EvansWaMi2009: taxonomy, 63-67
Ezzat1958: distribution, 241
EzzatNa1987: distribution, 87
FDACSB1982: distribution, host, 5-11
FDACSB1983: distribution, host, 6-8
FangWuXu2001: distribution, host, 109
FergusFl1991: biological control, distribution, host, 260-261
Fernal1903b: 256,265-267
Fernan1972: distribution, host, 12
Fernan1973a: distribution, host, illustration, 252-255
Fernan1989: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 133-134
Fernan1992: distribution, host, 60
Ferris1921: distribution, host, 126
Ferris1921a: distribution, host, 219
Ferris1935: distribution, host, 131
Ferris1936: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 10-12
Ferris1937c: illustration, taxonomy, 51,82
Ferris1938a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 241
Ferris1941e: taxonomy, 42-48
Ferris1942: taxonomy, 34
Figuer1946: distribution, host, 212
Figuer1952: distribution, host, 209
FinneyFi1964: biological control, 328-355
Flande1947: biological control, host, 746-747
Flande1949a: biological control, 257-274
Flande1971: biological control, life history, 857-872
Foldi1990: structure, 43-54
Foldi2001: distribution, 303-308
Foldi2002: distribution, host, 246
Foldi2003: distribution, host, 151
FoldiGe2018: distribution, 10
Fonsec1934a: distribution, host, 263
FonsecAu1932a: distribution, host, 202-214
FrancoRuMa2011: distribution, 12,24
Fullaw1932: taxonomy, 97,107
Garcia1930: biological control, distribution, host,
Gavril2018: reproduction, 239
Gentry1965: distribution, economic importance, host,
GermaiDeLa2016: host, list of species, 3
GermaiMa2005: distribution, host, 34
GermaiMaPi2002: distribution, host, 255
GermaiMiPa2014: distribution, 23
Gerson1967c: biological control, distribution, host, 632-638
Gerson1990: taxonomy, 130
GersonOcHo1990: biological control, 77-97
GersonZo1973: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 514-533
Gharbi2021: biology, distribution, host, structure, 9-10
Gill1997: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 156-157,159
GomezM1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 80-84
GomezM1941: distribution, host, 128
GomezM1946: distribution, host, 61
GomezM1956: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 13-16
GomezM1957: distribution, host, 45
GomezM1962: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 166-169
GomezM1965: distribution, host, 90
GomezM1967O: distribution, host, 131
GomezM1968: distribution, host, 541
Gonzal1986: distribution, economic importance, host, 23
Gonzal1989: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 96
Gonzal1989a: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 35-43
Gonzal2016: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, illustration, taxonomy, 95, 111, 1332, 165-168
GonzalCh1968: distribution, 110
GonzalCu1994: distribution, economic importance, host, 9
Gordh1979: biological control, 895,911
Gowdey1913: distribution, host, 247-249
Gowdey1917: distribution, host, 189
GranarCl2003: distribution, host, 625-637
Green1896e: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 49-50,62-63
Green1899c: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 181-183
Green1900a: taxonomy, 71
Green1907: distribution, host, 202
Green1908a: distribution, host, 33
Green1915c: distribution, host, 44
Green1916: distribution, host, 376
Green1922: taxonomy, 460
Green1923b: distribution, host, 89
Green1925b: distribution, host, 518
Green1937: catalog, distribution, host, 330
GreenMa1907: distribution, taxonomy, 344
GroveDe2017: distribution, host, 300
GroveDeDa2013: distribution, host, 377
GroveScDe2014: biological control, economic importance, host, 413
GruwelMoNo2007: endosymbionts, taxonomy, 267-280
GugliuMaMa2019: distribution, host, list, 4, 5
GuindaNoWo2017: ant association, diagnosis, illustration,
Haas1934: chemical control, chemistry, physiology, 477-492
HagenVaDa1971: biological control, distribution, host, 253-293
Hall1922: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25-26
Hall1923: distribution, host, 42-43
Hall1924a: distribution, economic importance, host, 9
Hall1928: distribution, host, 274
Hamlen1974: distribution, host, 6-8
Hamon1998a: distribution, host, taxonomy,
Hargre1937: distribution, economic importance, host, 505-520
Harris1937: distribution, host, 483-488
Harris1990: biological control, 61-66
HaseyOlVa1999: control, distribution, host,
HaseyOlVa2002: control, 3449
HassanHa1985: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 63-72
HassanHaSh2008: biological control, distribution, host, 296
Hayat1989: biological control, distribution, host, 1-3
Hempel1900a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 502
Hempel1904: distribution, host, 319
Hempel1920: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 140
Hender2011: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 24,32,100,102,227-8
HenderSuRo2010: distribution, host, 14
HernanNiMa2011: host, 379-380
Herric1911: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 10,18,52
Hewitt1943: distribution, host, 266-274
Hill1989a: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 177-182
HillAlHe1993: biological control, distribution, host, 369-376
HillHeMa2011: evolution, life history, taxonomy, 153-159
HillMaCh2007: control, distribution, economic importance, host,
HillWuDa2016: genetics, host, 281-283
HillZhMa2019: host, resistance,
HodgsoLa2011: distribution, host, 24
Hollin1923: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 13
Houser1918: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 166-167
HoyHe1985: biological control,
HoyHe1985: biological control,
Hsu1935: distribution, host, 578-590
Hunt1939: distribution, host, 548-566
Hunter1899: distribution, host, taxonomy, 11
ImenesBeWo1999: distribution, host, 117-119
InserrCa1987: distribution, host, 93
IzraylGe1993: biological control, distribution, host, 861-875
IzraylGe1993a: biological control, distribution, host, 877-888
IzraylGe1995: biological control, distribution, host, 439-446
IzraylGe1995b: biological control, distribution, host, 235-240
IzraylGeHa1996: biological control, ecology, life history, 390-395
IzraylHaGe1995: biological control, ecology, life history, 138-145
JiYa1990: biological control, 134-136
Kacar2015: natural enemies, 159
Kalsho1981: distribution, host, 170
Kawai1980: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 222
Kawai1987: distribution, host, 78
KaydanUlEr2007: catalog, distribution, host, 95
KeallHaMc2020: distribution, host,
King1900b: taxonomy, 215
KinjoNaHi1996: distribution, host, 125-127
Kiritc1932a: taxonomy, 246
Koehle1964: control, distribution, host,
Kondo2001: distribution, host, taxonomy, 44
Kondo2010: distribution, host, 41-44
KondoKa1995: distribution, host, 57-58
KondoMu2016: distribution, host, illustration, 6
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 16
Korone1934: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 1-2
Koszta1996: biological control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 511-513
Kozar1990a: economic importance, life history, 341-347
Kuwana1902: distribution, host, 68
Kuwana1902a: distribution, host, 31
Kuwana1907: distribution, host, 195
Kuwana1909a: distribution, host, 160
Kuwana1917a: distribution, taxonomy, 174
Kuwana1927: distribution, host, 71
Kuwana1933: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 12-13
LagowsGo2020: distribution, 69
LagowsGoHo2022: distribution, host, list, 10
Laing1927: distribution, host, 39,40
Lawson1917: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 230-232
LazaroGoLo2012: biological control, distribution, 8,10-11
LazaroGoRo2021: distribution, host, natural enemies,
LazaroGoRo2023: diagnosis, distribution, host, host distribution, key, natural enemies, taxonomy, 247, 257-258
LePell1959: distribution, host, 33-48
Leonar1897: taxonomy, 285-286
Leonar1898a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 76-78
Leonar1898c: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 44-46,69-71
Leonar1900: distribution, host, taxonomy, 340-341
Leonar1918: distribution, host, 189
Leonar1920: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 40-41
Lepage1938: catalog, 395-397
Lepesm1947: description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 207-208
Lindin1907a: taxonomy, 19
Lindin1909c: distribution, host, taxonomy, 449
Lindin1910b: distribution, host, 36-37
Lindin1911a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 14-15
Lindin1912b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 50,153,240
Lindin1924: distribution, host, taxonomy, 174
Lindin1935: taxonomy, 129
Lindin1957: taxonomy, 545,546,549
Lit1997b: distribution, host, 92
LitCaLu2022: economic importance,
LiuFe2018: distribution, key, 584
LoBl1989: distribution, host, 1-4
Lobdel1937: taxonomy, 78
LoganMaRo2017: economic importance, host, natural enemies, 469–479
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 127
Lupo1948: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 164-169
MacGil1921: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 405,406,412
Mackie1931: distribution, host, 419
Mackie1931: distribution, economic importance, host, 419-441
Mackie1935: distribution, host, 403
MagsigMoWa2010: dispersal, life history, physiology, 1172-1179
Mallam1954: distribution, 24-60
Malump2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 56-58
Malump2012b: distribution, 213
Malump2014a: distribution, host, 75
MalumpKa2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 57,58
MalumpWhHa2015: distribution, host, 135
Mamet1943a: 160,161
Mamet1949: catalog, 60
Mamet1950: distribution, host, 23
Mamet1951: distribution, host, 228
Mamet1954: distribution, host, 17
Mamet1956: distribution, host, 138
Mamet1957: distribution, host, 369,375
Mamet1959a: distribution, host, 387
Marlat1899b: taxonomy, 211
Marlat1899e: taxonomy, 658
Marlat1900: taxonomy, 427
Marlat1921a: distribution, host, 1-36
Martin1983: distribution, host, taxonomy, 65
MartinLa2011: catalog, distribution, host, 38
MartinWoCu2022: distribution, host, 5
Martor1976: distribution, host, 48,73,151,213,249
Maskel1892: distribution, host, taxonomy, 13-14
Maskel1897a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 240-241
Maskel1898: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 224-227
Masten2007: distribution, host, taxonomy, 1-242
Matile1976: distribution, host, 312-313
Matile1978: distribution, host, 64
Matile1984c: distribution, host, 221
MatileBa1972: distribution, host, 113
MatileEt2006: distribution, host, 170
MatileNo1984: distribution, host, 65
MatileOr2001: distribution, host, 190
Matta1979: biological control, distribution, host, 231-242
MauchlHaHi2011: biological control, economic importance, 26
MauchlHiSt2012: biological control, economic importance, host, 29-33
MayneGh1934: distribution, host, 3-38
MazzeoSuRu2008: distribution, host, 149-152
McDani1969: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 109-111
McKenz1935: control, distribution, host, life history, 1-48
McKenz1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 69-72
Merkel1938: distribution, host, 88-99
Merril1953: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 24
MerrilCh1923: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 203-204
MestreHaEv2011: distribution, host, 12
MestreHoHa2015: distribution, host, 11
MetcalMe1993: control, distribution, economic importance, host,
Meurge2011: distribution, 81
MifsudMaRu2014: distribution, host, 510
MillarChMc2012: host, 497
MilleHeCa2016: distribution, economic importance, host, 140
MillerDa1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 302
MillerDa2005: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 224-227
MillerDe2018: history, 7
Miyosh1926: distribution, host, 303-326
Moghad2004: distribution, host, taxonomy, 15
Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 34
Moghad2021: key, 378
MoghadWa2021: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 10, 131-132, 245
MohammGh2008: distribution, 152
Monte1930: distribution, host, 3-36
Morale1988: distribution, host, taxonomy, 77-82
Moreir1921b: distribution, host, 182
MorseGrCl2005: molecular data, phylogeny, taxonomy, 79-94
MorseNo2006: molecular biology, phylogeny, 338-349
Moulto1931: distribution, host, 745
MouradMeFa2001: distribution, host, 571-580
MoutiaMa1947: distribution,
Muraka1970: distribution, host, 74
MyartsRuCo2016: economic importance, natural enemies, 81-89
NagarkSa1990: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 553-542
Nakaha1982: distribution, host, 42
Nakaha1983: distribution, host, 11
NassarStMa1972: chemical control, 26
Newell1899: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 24-27
Newste1910a: distribution, host, 68
Newste1910c: distribution, host, 199
Newste1911: distribution, host, 86
Newste1914: distribution, host, 307
Newste1917a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 266
Newste1917b: distribution, host, 131
NormarMoKr2014: distribution, host, 39
NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, 22, S4, S6
NoronhWoMe2023: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration,
NourElRi1970: distribution, host, 123-127
Nunez2008: distribution, economic importance, host, 324
Nur1990b: life history, taxonomy, 196
Otero1935: distribution, host, 1-26
Pace1939: distribution, host, 664-665
ParisPeZa2015: distribution, host, 87
PeckHeLa1998: distribution, host, 219-237
Pelliz1987: distribution, host, 122
Pelliz2011: distribution, 312
PellizChMi2015: distribution, 62,72
PellizFo1996: distribution, host, 134
PellizPoSe2011: distribution, host, 295
Pelot1950: distribution, host, 17
PeralL1968: biological control, 22-29
PerezG2008: distribution, 214
PerezGCa1987: distribution, host, 128
PietriBiBa1961: chemical control, 21-46
PietriBiCo1969: chemical control, 909-915
PizarrAlBa2020: distribution, host, 27
PolaszAbHu1999: biological control, distribution, host, 131-163
Ponnam1999: chemical control, distribution, host, 445-451
PrakasPa2015: distribution,
PriesnHo1940: biological control, 58-70
QinZhYu2018: ecology, natural enemies, 7
Quedna1964b: biological control, 86-116
Ramakr1919a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 17,19
Ramakr1921a: catalog, distribution, host, 355,356
Ramakr1930: distribution, host, taxonomy, 22,23
Ramakr1938a: distribution, host, 341-351
RamosPeKo2017: illustration, key, 8151
RaoCh1950: taxonomy, 12,29
RehmatAnKh2011: biological control, distribution, 274
ReisMe1984: distribution, economic importance, host, 68-72
Ritchi1928: distribution, host, 34-40
RobbCoBe2001: control, distribution, host, taxonomy,
Robins1917: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 30
RodrigNaVa2019: distribution, host, 468
RosenDe1979: biological control, distribution, host, 249-251,349-354,
RossHaOk2012: phylogeny, taxonomy, 199
RugmanAnMo2010: molecular data, phylogenetics, taxonomy, 30-38
RugmanMoSt2009: economic importance, molecular data, taxonomy, 1948-1953
RuizCa1944: distribution, taxonomy, 64
Rungs1934: distribution, host,
Russo1956: distribution, host, 181-190
Saakya1954: distribution, economic importance, host,
SaighiDoBi2005: distribution, host, 429-433
SalamaHa1974: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 200-204
SancheBe2010: distribution, host, 319
Sander1904a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 56,59
Sankar1980: biological control, distribution, host, 1-12
Sasaki1935: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 864-865
Schmut1957b: taxonomy, 148
Schmut1959: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 48,71
Schmut1969: distribution, host, 116
Schmut1990a: distribution, host, 393
Schmut1998: distribution, economic importance, host, 37
Schmut2001: distribution, host, 339-345
SchmutKlLu1957: distribution, economic importance, host, 477
SchmutPiKl1978: distribution, economic importance, host, 330
SchneiClWe2020: key, 70
SchneiFiNo2019: key, taxonomy, 92
SchneiOkNo2018: phylogenetics, phylogeny,
Seabra1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 98
Seabra1941: distribution, 8
Seabra1942: distribution, 2
ShiLi1991: distribution, host, 165
SibbetVaFe2000: control, distribution, host,
Signor1869: catalog, taxonomy, 860
Signor1869b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 124-125
Silves1929: distribution, host, 897-904
Singh1964: distribution, economic importance, host, 213
SismanUl2010: distribution, host, 219-224
SpodekBeMe2014: distribution, host, illustration, 104,114,115,117
Stalaz2021: distribution, host, 474
Steine1987: control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, 1-7
StevenBlTo1991: chemical control, distribution, host, life history, 84
StevenMcBl1997: chemical control, 288-292
StevenRe1999: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 345-354
StevenToBl1994: biological control, chemical control, distribution, host, life history, 135-142
StevenVaGo1997: distribution, host, 773-777
StocksEv2017: host, 491
StoetzDa1974: life history, taxonomy, 138-140
StoetzDa1974a: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 505-507
Strong1922: distribution, host, 775-780
SuWa1988: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 279-288
Sugimo1994: distribution, host, 115-121
Suh2016: distribution, host, key, 323, 326-327
Swirsk1976b: distribution, economic importance, host, 555-559
SwirskAr1971: distribution, host, 12-15
SwirskWyIz2002: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 103-104
Takagi1969a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 78,101
TakagiDe2011: host, 24
Takaha1929: distribution, host, 80
Takaha1929a: distribution, host, 431
Takaha1932a: distribution, host, 105
Takaha1936c: distribution, host, 118
Takaha1939b: distribution, host, 269
Takaha1941b: distribution, host, 219
Takaha1942b: distribution, host, 47
Takaha1942d: distribution, host, 358
Takaha1953a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 10-13
TakahaTa1956: distribution, host, 15
Tang1984: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 47-48
Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 91
Targio1892: taxonomy, 81
TawfikMo2002: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 267-273
Teodor2018: distribution, history, 42
Terezn1986: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 113-115
Timber1924: biological control, distribution, host,
TippinBe1970: distribution, host, 9
TomkinWiTh2000: distribution, host, 211-215
TrenchTo2014: distribution, 70
Trjapi1989: biological control, 295
UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S120
UsmanPu1955: distribution, host, 48
VanHarCoWi1990: distribution, host, 136
VargasRo2008: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 163-171
Varshn2002: distribution, host, 31
Vayssi1913: distribution, host, 430
Velasq1971: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 110-113
VelasqRi1969: distribution, host, 195-208
Verma2014: distribution, host, taxonomy, 51-57
VermaDi2005: distribution, host, 423-426
VeseyF1953: biological control, distribution, host, 405-413
WadhiBa1964: distribution, economic importance, host, 227
WadhiBa1964: distribution, host, 227-260
WaltmaRaWi2016: distribution, 231
WaltonKrSa2009: distribution, economic importance, host, 1-6
WangSu1989: host, life history, 151-156
WangSu1989: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 44-50
Watson2001: list, 177
Watson2021: distribution, 523
WeiScNo2021: key, 20
Wester1918: distribution, economic importance, host, 5-57
WhitinHoCo1998: control, distribution, economic importance, host, 211-215
Willia1985a: catalog, taxonomy, 234
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 221, 225, 230
WilliaBu1987: distribution, host, 95
WilliaGr1990: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 563-578
WilliaMa2009b: distribution, host, 119
WilliaMe2007: distribution, host, 132
WilliaWa1988: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 131-134
Wilson1917: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 6,33
Wilson1921: distribution, host, 20-34
WolffCo1993a: distribution, host, 153
WolffEfDa2018: distribution, host, natural enemies, 2-3, 4-5
WongChCh1999: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25-26,66
Woolle1990: biological control, 167-176
WurmsChSt2021: diagnosis, host,
Wysoki1977: distribution, host, 187-188
Wysoki1997: distribution, economic importance, host, 805-811
Yasar1995a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 89-90
YokogaYa2009: genebank, molecular data, phylogeny, 57-66
YustCe1956: distribution, host, 425-442
Zagain1956: distribution, 85-90
Zahrad1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 130-133
Zahrad1972: distribution, host, 432
Zahrad1977: distribution, taxonomy, 120
Zahrad1990: description, distribution, host, 642-643
Zahrad1990b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 104-106
ZamudiCl2005: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 263
ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 165
ZchoriBePo2005: Cardinium, endosymbionts, 211-221
Zimmer1948: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 361-362
deVill2001c: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 191-194
vanden1995: distribution, host, 1-4