Valid Names Results
Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869) (Diaspididae: Hemiberlesia)Nomenclatural History
- Aspidiotus lataniae Signoret 1869a: 124. Type data: FRANCE: probably Paris, on leaves of Latania.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Vienna: Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Austria; accepted valid name Illustr.
- Aspidiotus lataniae Signoret 1869: 860. nomen nudum
- Aspidiotus cydoniae Comstock 1881a: 295. Type data: USA: Florida, on quince.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Green1900a, 71). Illustr.
- Aspidiotus punicae Cockerell 1893j: 255. Type data: JAMAICA: Kingston, on pomegranate, and DOMINICA: on coconut.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1938a, 190).
- Aspidiotus diffinis lateralis Cockerell 1894g: 130. Type data: JAMAICA: Kingston, Parade Garden, Kingston, on stems of Jasminum pubescens.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1941e, 45).
- Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) cydoniae Comstock, 1881; Cockerell 1897i: 21. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Aspidiotus) lataniae Signoret, 1869; Cockerell 1897i: 29. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Diaspidiotus) punicae Cockerell, 1893; Cockerell 1897i: 24. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) crawii Cockerell 1897i: 23. Type data: MEXICO: on twigs of grapevine; collected by Alex Craw.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1941e, 42).
- Aspidiotus cydoniae tecta Maskell 1897a: 240. Type data: SANDWICH ISLANDS [=HAWAII]: on "Ohia". Syntypes, female, Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Borchs1966, 306). Notes: Described again as Aspidiotus cydoniae, Comstock, var. nov., by Maskell, 1898: 224.
- Aspidiotus (Diaspidiotus) greenii Cockerell 1897i: 27. Type data: MEXICO: Mazatlan, on coconut palm; collected by Alex Craw.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Cocker1898n, 184). Illustr.
- Aspidiotus implicatus Maskell 1897a: 241. Type data: TAIWAN: on Campanula sp.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; junior synonym (discovered by Lindin1957, 545). Notes: Described again as Aspidiotus implicatus sp. nov., Maskell, 1898: 226.
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) cydoniae Comstock, 1881; Leonardi 1898c: 44. change of combination
- Aspidiotus greeni Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell 1898n: 184. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) lataniae Signoret, 1869; Leonardi 1898a: 76. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) punicae Cockerell, 1893; Leonardi 1898a: 77. change of combination
- Aspidiotus lateralis Cockerell, 1894; Marlatt 1899: 658. change in status (level)
- Aspidiotus crawii Cockerell, 1897; Newell 1899: 25. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) cydoniae tectus Maskell, 1897; Cockerell 1899a: 396. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) greenii Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell 1899a: 396. change of combination
- Hemiberlesia crawii (Cockerell, 1897); Cockerell 1899a: 396. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) crawii Cockerell, 1897; Leonardi 1900: 340. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) greenii Cockerell, 1897; Leonardi 1900: 340. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) implicatus Maskell, 1897; Leonardi 1900: 341. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) lataniae Signoret, 1869; Hempel 1900a: 502. change of combination
- Aspidiotus (Evaspidiotus) cydoniae tectus Comstock, 1881; Leonardi 1900: 340. change of combination requiring emendation of specific epithet for agreement in gender
- Aspidiotus cydoniae crawii Cockerell, 1897; Fernald 1903b: 256. change of combination and rank
- Aspidiotus cydoniae punicae Cockerell, 1893; Fernald 1903b: 256. change of combination and rank
- Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869); Cockerell 1905b: 202. change of combination
- Aspidiotus cydoniae crawi Cockerell, 1897; Lindinger 1907a: 19. change of combination and rank
- Aspidiotus cydoniae greeni Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell & Robinson 1915: 427. change of combination and rank
- Diaspidiotus lataniae (Signoret, 1869); MacGillivray 1921: 412. change of combination
- Aspidiella punicae (Cockerell, 1893); MacGillivray 1921: 405. change of combination and rank
- Marlattaspis implicata (Maskell, 1897); MacGillivray 1921: 406. change of combination requiring emendation of specific epithet for agreement in gender
- Aspidiotus sydonia Comstock, 1881; Seabra 1921: 98. misspelling of species epithet Notes: Misspelling of Aspidiotus cydoniae Comstock.
- Diaspidiotus (Aspidiotus) lataniae (Signoret, 1869); Borchsenius 1935a: 25. change of combination
- Aspidiotus aspleniae Sasaki, I. 1935: 864. Type data: PHILIPPINES: Manila, intercepted at Japan, Port Kobe, on Asplenium nidus. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1941e, 41). Notes: Depository unknown.
- Aspidiotus tectus Maskell, 1897; Ferris 1941e: 48. change of combination and rank
- Hemiberlesia implicatus (Maskell, 1897); Balachowsky 1953k: 114. change of combination
- Aspidiella punica (Cockerell, 1893); Borchsenius 1966: 307. misspelling of species epithet
- Aspidiotus askleniae Sasaki, I., 1935; Borchsenius 1966: 307. misspelling of species epithet
- Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret, 1869); Borchsenius 1966: 306. revived combination (previously published)
- Aspidiotus implocatus Maskell, 1897; Chou 1985: 303. misspelling of species epithet
- Hemiberlesia latanieae (Signoret, 1869); Chou 1985: 303. misspelling of species epithet
- Hemiberlesia latanie (Signoret, 1869); Moghaddam 2004: 15. misspelling of species epithet
Common Names
- escama del latano Gonzal1989
- latania scale GersonZo1973 McKenz1956 MerrilCh1923
- Latania scale GersonZo1973
- Queresa latania Nunez2008
- quince scale MillerDa2005
- escama del peral WatsonKo2022a
- yashi-shiro-marukaigaramushi WatsonKo2022a
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 120 | Genera: 370
- Acanthaceae
- Avicennia germinans | WilliaWa1988 | (= Avicennia nitida)
- Eranthemum pulchellum | Brimbl1968
- Achariaceae
- Hydnocarpus wightianus | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Actinidiaceae
- Actinidia chinensis | Gonzal1986 Gonzal1989a
- Actinidia deliciosa | Hender2011
- Saurauia tristyla | Takagi1969a | ssp. oldhamii
- Adoxaceae
- Sambucus javanica | Velasq1971
- Amaranthaceae
- Amaranthus viridis | Brimbl1968
- Atriplex halimus | Martin1983
- Beta vulgaris | Balach1932d | (= Beta maritima)
- Chenopodium album | Hall1923
- Gomphrena globosa | WilliaWa1988
- Amaryllidaceae
- Calostemma | Hall1923
- Anacardiaceae
- Mangifera indica | Almeid1971 Borchs1966 Ferris1921 KinjoNaHi1996 Mamet1959a Takagi1969a WolffCo1993a
- Pleiogynium timorense | Brimbl1968 | (= Pleiogynium cerasiferum )
- Rhus | Borchs1966 Mamet1951
- Schinus molle | DeLott1967a Hall1923
- Schinus terebinthifolia | MartinWoCu2022
- Sclerocarya birrea | Almeid1971 | (= Sclerocarya caffra)
- Spondias dulcis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Spondias cytherea)
- Spondias mombin | Almeid1973b
- Annonaceae
- Annona cherimola | NormarOkMo2019
- Annona reticulata | Beards1966
- Annona squamosa | Hall1922
- Apiaceae
- Foeniculum vulgare | Green1923b Martin1983
- Apocynaceae
- Carissa | Ramakr1921a
- Carissa carandas | Ramakr1919a
- Carissa spinarum | DeLott1967a Hall1923 | (= Carissa edulis)
- Cascabela thevetia | Almeid1971 Hall1928 | (= Thevetia nerifolia, Thevetia peruviana)
- Hoya carnosa | BatsanKaKi2017
- Nerium oleander | BesheaTiHo1973 Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988
- Plumeria | Beards1966 Hall1928 MerrilCh1923
- Plumeria rubra | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988 | (= Plumeria acutifolia)
- Tabernaemontana | MerrilCh1923
- Aquifoliaceae
- Ilex | BesheaTiHo1973 StoetzDa1974a
- Ilex cassine | BesheaTiHo1973 MerrilCh1923
- Ilex glabra | BesheaTiHo1973
- Araceae
- Alocasia portei | Velasq1971
- Anthurium | Malump2014a
- Cyrtosperma merkusii | WilliaWa1988 | (= Cyrtosperma chamissonis)
- Monstera deliciosa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Philodendron | Hender2011 McKenz1956
- Philodendron pedatum | JansenAl2023 | (=Philodendron laciniatum)
- Syngonium podophyllum | ImenesBeWo1999 NoronhWoMe2023
- Araliaceae
- Cussonia spicata | Hender2011
- Fatsia | McKenz1956
- Fatsia japonica | JansenAl2023
- Hedera | BesheaTiHo1973
- Hedera algeriensis | BicheArMe2022
- Hedera helix | Borchs1966 Mamet1954 McKenz1956
- Heptapleurum actinophyllum | Brimbl1968 WilliaWa1988 | (= Brassaia actinophylla) (= Schefflera actinophylla)
- Heptapleurum arboricola | JansenAl2023
- Meryta denhamii | BicheArMe2022
- Pseudopanax crassifolius | Hender2011
- Schefflera | WilliaWa1988
- Arecaceae
- Adonidia merrillii | Velasq1971 | (= Veitchia merrillii)
- Archontophoenix cunninghamiana | Brimbl1968
- Areca | Borchs1934 WatsonKo2022a
- Arecaceae | Green1896e Green1937 WilliaWa1988
- Balaka | WatsonKo2022a
- Chamaerops humilis | BicheArMe2022
- Cocos | Lepage1938 Wilson1917
- Cocos nucifera | Almeid1971 Borchs1966 Lepage1938 Mamet1943a Takagi1969a Takaha1929 Takaha1942d WilliaWa1988
- Dictyosperma album | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Dypsis lutescens | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)
- Elaeis | Balach1956
- Elaeis guineensis | Almeid1971 Almeid1973b Muntin1969
- Howea | Balach1932d
- Howea belmoreana | Hunter1899
- Hydriastele wendlandiana | Brimbl1968
- Hyophorbe indica | Leonar1920 Lepage1938 | (= Areca lutescens)
- Hyophorbe verschaffeltii | Beards1966
- Latania | Green1896e Hall1923 Leonar1920 McKenz1956 Signor1869b
- Latania lontaroides | Takagi1969a | (= Latania commersonii, = Latania borbonica)
- Latania verschaffeltii | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Licuala grandis | JansenAl2023
- Livistona australis | Brimbl1968 | (= Carypha australis)
- Livistona chinensis | Balach1927 Balach1932d TakahaTa1956 | (= Livistona sinensis, Livistona subglobosa)
- Phoenix | Borchs1934 Borchs1936 Green1908a TakahaTa1956 WilliaWa1988
- Phoenix canariensis | Stalaz2021
- Phoenix dactylifera | Hall1923 Martin1983
- Pritchardia martii | Zimmer1948
- Ptychosperma elegans | NoronhWoMe2023
- Rhopalostylis baueri | Hender2011
- Saribus rotundifolius | JansenAl2023
- Syagrus romanzoffiana | NoronhWoMe2023
- Veitchia joannis | WilliaWa1988
- Veitchia vitiensis | Laing1927 | (= Ptychosperma vitiensis)
- Asparagaceae
- Agave cantala | Velasq1971
- Asparagus | Borchs1966 Mamet1954
- Asparagus officinalis | Hall1923
- Asparagus racemosus | Brimbl1968
- Asparagus setaceus | Velasq1971 | (= Asparagus plumosa)
- Beaucarnea recurvata | NormarOkMo2019
- Cordyline | WilliaWa1988
- Cordyline fruticosa | Velasq1971
- Cordyline mauritiana | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Cohnia floribunda)
- Cordyline neocaledonica | WilliaWa1988 | (= Taetsia neocaledonica)
- Cordyline sellowiana | Balach1927 Balach1932d | (= Howeia selloviana, Kentia selloviana)
- Dracaena draco | GomezM1962
- Dracaena reflexa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Furcraea | Hender2011
- Yucca | BesheaTiHo1973 McKenz1956
- Yucca aloifolia | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988
- Yucca gloriosa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Martin1983
- Aspleniaceae
- Asplenium nidus | Sasaki1935
- Asteraceae
- Arctotis leptorhiza | BenDov2012 | (= Arctotis breviscapa)
- Artemisia | Balach1938a
- Artemisia argentea | Balach1938a
- Asteraceae | BesheaTiHo1973
- Ayapana triplinervis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Eupatorium triplinerve)
- Baccharis | BesheaTiHo1973 McDani1969
- Baccharis neglecta | McDani1969
- Baccharis salicina | McDani1969 | (= Baccharis emoryi)
- Bellis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Borrichia frutescens | BesheaTiHo1973
- Cassinia quinquefaria | Brimbl1968
- Chrysanthemum | CockerRo1915a WilliaWa1988
- Chrysanthemum indicum | Brimbl1968
- Dittrichia viscosa | Balach1932d | (= Inula viscosa)
- Elephantopus scaber | WilliaWa1988
- Eupatorium | BesheaTiHo1973
- Eupatorium serotinum | McDani1969
- Fitchia | WilliaWa1988
- Gerbera jamesonii | Brimbl1968
- Glebionis coronaria | Hall1923 | (= Chrysanthemum coronarium)
- Glebionis segetum | Balach1932d | (= Chrysanthemum segetum)
- Ozothamnus leptophyllus | Hender2011
- Pachystegia insignis | Hender2011
- Phagnalon saxatile | Balach1938a
- Scalesia | Leonar1920 Lepage1938 MerrilCh1923
- Scalesia baurii | Kuwana1902 | (= Scalesia hopkinsii)
- Tithonia diversifolia | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Begoniaceae
- Begonia | MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988
- Berberidaceae
- Berberis vulgaris | DeLott1967a
- Bignoniaceae
- Bignonia | Hall1923
- Campsis radicans | Borchs1966 Mamet1950 Mamet1951 | (= Tecoma radicans)
- Catalpa bungei | BicheArMe2022 | (= Catalpa fargesii)
- Tecoma fulva | BenDov2012 | ssp. guarume (= Stenolobium alatum)
- Boraginaceae
- Cordia | WilliaWa1988
- Cordia africana | DeLott1967a | (= Cordia holstii)
- Cordia curassavica | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Cordia interrupta)
- Cordia myxa | Borchs1966 Hall1923 Mamet1943a
- Ehretia saligna | Brimbl1968 | var. membranifolia)
- Wigandia caracasana | GomezM1962
- Brassicaceae
- Brassica | LagowsGoHo2022
- Lobularia maritima | Brimbl1968
- Buxaceae
- Buxus balearica | BicheArMe2022
- Buxus microphylla | Kuwana1927 | (= Buxus japonica)
- Buxus sempervirens | Hender2011 Moghad2013a | ssp.hyrcana
- Cactaceae
- Cactaceae | Lepage1938
- Cactus | Green1896e
- Opuntia ficus-indica | Balach1932d
- Opuntia tomentosa | Balach1932d
- Calophyllaceae
- Mammea | MerrilCh1923
- Campanulaceae
- Campanula | Kuwana1927 Leonar1900 Takaha1929
- Cannabaceae
- Trema orientalis | DeLott1967a | (= Trema guineensis)
- Cannaceae
- Canna | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Caprifoliaceae
- Lonicera implexa | MifsudMaRu2014
- Caricaceae
- Carica papaya | Brimbl1968
- Casuarinaceae
- Casuarina | Almeid1973b Borchs1966 Dekle1965c Mamet1959a Takaha1941b WilliaWa1988
- Casuarina equisetifolia | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Celastraceae
- Denhamia pittosporoides | Brimbl1968
- Elaeodendron croceum | BicheArMe2022 | (= Elaeodendron capense)
- Euonymus | McKenz1956 MerrilCh1923
- Euonymus japonicus | BicheArMe2022
- Chrysobalanaceae
- Atuna racemosa | WilliaWa1988 | (= Parinari laurinum)
- Parinari | WilliaWa1988
- Cistaceae
- Cistus heterophyllus | Balach1932d
- Cistus salviifolius | Balach1932d
- Clusiaceae
- Garcinia spicata | Takagi1969a
- Combretaceae
- Terminalia | Almeid1971
- Terminalia catappa | LagowsGoHo2022
- Convolvulaceae
- Astripomoea malvacea | Hall1928 | (= Astrochlaena malvacea)
- Ipomoea tuberculata | LagowsGoHo2022
- Crassulaceae
- Kalanchoe pinnata | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Bryophyllum pinnatum)
- Cucurbitaceae
- Cucurbita moschata | BenDov2012
- Cupressaceae
- Cupressus arizonica | Brimbl1968
- Cupressus lusitanica | Hall1928
- Cupressus × leylandii | Hender2011 | (= Cuprocyparis leylandii)
- Juniperus | Takagi1969a
- Platycladus orientalis | Brimbl1968
- Thuja | GomezM1962
- Cycadaceae
- Cycas | Cohic1958 Green1896e Takagi1969a WilliaWa1988
- Cycas revoluta | Almeid1973b Takagi1969a Takaha1929 Velasq1971
- Cyperaceae
- Cyperus imbricatus | Velasq1971 | (= Cyperus radiatus)
- Cyrillaceae
- Cliftonia monophylla | BesheaTiHo1973
- Dioscoreaceae
- Dioscorea | WilliaWa1988
- Ebenaceae
- Diospyros discolor | Takagi1969a
- Diospyros kaki | Hall1923 TomkinWiTh2000
- Diospyros pallens | Hall1928
- Elaeagnaceae
- Elaeagnus | MerrilCh1923
- Elaeagnus angustifolia | BenDov2012
- Elaeocarpaceae
- Elaeocarpus tonganus | WilliaWa1988
- Ephedraceae
- Ephedra | Brimbl1968
- Ericaceae
- Erica | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a
- Erica arborea | BicheArMe2022
- Ericaceae | BesheaTiHo1973
- Leucopogon fasciculatus | Hender2011
- Leucothoe | BesheaTiHo1973
- Rhododendron | Takagi1969a
- Euphorbiaceae
- Aleurites moluccanus | DeLott1967a WilliaWa1988
- Euphorbia caput-medusae | MazzeoSuRu2008
- Euphorbia origanoides | MalumpWhHa2015
- Euphorbia tirucalli | JansenAl2023
- Manihot esculenta | WilliaWa1988
- Suregada procera | DeLott1967a | (= Gelonium procerum)
- Triadica sebifera | BesheaTiHo1973 | (= Sapium sebiferum)
- Vernicia fordii | Balach1956 MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988 | (= Aleurites fordii)
- Fabaceae
- Abrus precatorius | Beards1966
- Acacia | Almeid1973b Hall1928 McKenz1956 MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988
- Acacia concurrens | Brimbl1968 | (= Acacia cunninghamii)
- Acacia decurrens | Brimbl1968 Hall1922 Hall1928
- Acacia eburnea | Balach1932d
- Acacia farnesiana | Bodenh1924 Zimmer1948
- Acacia harpophylla | Brimbl1968
- Acacia mearnsii | DeLott1967a | (= Acacia molissima)
- Acacia melanoxylon | NormarOkMo2019
- Acacia nilotica | Hall1922 | (= Acacia arabica)
- Acacia pubescens | DeLott1967a
- Acacia saligna | BenDov2012 Pelliz1987 | (= Acacia cyanophylla)
- Albizia | MerrilCh1923
- Albizia julibrissin | CaliskUl2017
- Albizia lebbeck | Borchs1966 Hall1923 Mamet1943a Mamet1951
- Albizia saman | Takaha1942b WilliaWa1988 | (= Pithecellobium saman, Samanea saman)
- Andira | MerrilCh1923
- Anthyllis cytisoides | Martin1983
- Bauhinia | Almeid1973b Balach1956 BesheaTiHo1973 Newste1917b
- Bauhinia aculeata | BicheArMe2022 | ssp. grandiflora
- Bauhinia purpurea | BicheArMe2022
- Biancaea decapetala | Hall1922 | (= Caesalpinia sepiaria)
- Caesalpinia bonduc | AbdRabEv2021
- Cajanus cajan | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 DeLott1967a Mamet1943a
- Calicotome spinosa | BicheArMe2022 BicheArMe2022
- Calicotome villosa | PellizFo1996
- Canavalia | WilliaWa1988
- Canavalia ensiformis | Almeid1973b
- Cassia | WilliaWa1988
- Cassia artemisioides | Brimbl1968
- Castanospermum australe | Brimbl1968
- Ceratonia siliqua | Bodenh1926 InserrCa1987
- Cercis siliquastrum | Bodenh1924
- Coronilla valentina | Balach1932d | (= Coronilla pentaphylla)
- Cytisus supranubius | GomezM1962 | (= Spartocytisus nubigens)
- Dalbergia | Green1896e
- Dalbergia pseudo-sissoo | Green1896e Leonar1920 | (= Dalbergia championii)
- Dalbergia sissoo | Hall1922
- Delonix regia | Ramakr1919a | (= Poinciana regia)
- Desmodium incanum | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Desmodium frutescens)
- Dichrostachys cinerea | Almeid1973b
- Erythrina abyssinica | Hall1928 | (= Erythrina tomentosa)
- Erythrina caffra | DeLott1967a
- Falcataria falcata | WilliaWa1988 | (= Albizia falcataria)
- Indigofera arrecta | DeLott1967a
- Indigofera hirsuta | Beards1966
- Inga edulis | Moghad2013a
- Jacksonia scoparia | Brimbl1968
- Lablab purpureus | Hall1922 | (= Dolichos lablab
- Leucaena leucocephala | Beards1966 WilliaWa1988 | (= Leucaena glauca)
- Mimosa pudica | WilliaWa1988
- Mundulea | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a
- Parkinsonia | Balach1932d Hall1928
- Parkinsonia aculeata | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1951
- Pithecellobium dulce | WilliaWa1988
- Robinia | Martin1983 Zahrad1972
- Robinia pseudoacacia | Balach1932d Bodenh1924 Green1923b Hall1923
- Schleinitzia insularum | WilliaWa1988 | (= Prosopis insularum)
- Senna didymobotrya | DeLott1967a | (= Cassia didymobotrya)
- Ulex europaeus | Hender2011
- Vachellia nilotica | Hall1922
- Fagaceae
- Quercus | Zahrad1972
- Quercus coccifera | SpodekBeMe2014 | (= Quercus calliprinos)
- Quercus ithaburensis | SpodekBeMe2014
- Ginkgoaceae
- Ginkgo biloba | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a BicheArMe2022
- Goodeniaceae
- Scaevola sericea | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Scaevola frutescens)
- Heliconiaceae
- Heliconia | WilliaWa1988
- Heliconia platystachys | Velasq1971
- Hypericaceae
- Hypericum | BesheaTiHo1973
- Hypericum calycinum | Brimbl1968
- Hypericum canariense | BicheArMe2022
- Iridaceae
- Gladiolus | Brimbl1968 Lit1997b McKenz1956 WilliaWa1988
- Ixia | BenDov2012
- Libertia ixioides | Hender2011
- Juglandaceae
- Carya illinoinensis | BenDov2012 Brimbl1968 | (= Carya pecan)
- Juglans regia | Brimbl1968
- Lamiaceae
- Rosmarinus officinalis | BicheArMe2022
- Salvia | BenDov2012
- Vitex lucens | Hender2011
- Lauraceae
- Cinnamomum camphora | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1943a
- Endiandra palmerstonii | Brimbl1968
- Laurus nobilis | MifsudMaRu2014
- Litsea akoensis | Takagi1969a
- Litsea glutinosa | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Nectandra purpurea | NormarMoKr2014
- Persea | McKenz1956
- Persea americana | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 DeLott1967a GersonZo1973 Hall1923 Mamet1943a McDani1969 WilliaWa1988 | (= Persea gratissima)
- Ravensara | Borchs1966 Mamet1950
- Lecythidaceae
- Barringtonia | Takaha1941b WilliaWa1988
- Barringtonia asiatica | Beards1966 WilliaWa1988
- Loranthaceae
- Amyema pendula | Brimbl1968
- Loranthus | Green1896e Leonar1920
- Muellerina bidwillii | Brimbl1968 | (= Phrygilanthus bidwillii)
- Lythraceae
- Lagerstroemia | MerrilCh1923
- Lagerstroemia indica | Brimbl1968 MerrilCh1923
- Lawsonia | MerrilCh1923
- Pemphis acidula | WilliaWa1988
- Punica granatum | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Magnoliaceae
- Magnolia grandiflora | BicheArMe2022
- Malvaceae
- Abelmoschus esculentus | JansenAl2023
- Abutilon | WilliaWa1988
- Abutilon hirtum | WilliaWa1988 | (= Abutilon graveolens)
- Bombax | Balach1932d | (= Eriodendron)
- Brachychiton | BenDov2012 Bodenh1924
- Brachychiton populneus | BicheArMe2022
- Ceiba pentandra | WilliaWa1988
- Ceiba speciosa | BicheArMe2022 | (= Chorisia speciosa)
- Dombeya | MerrilCh1923 | (= Assonia)
- Durio | Suh2016
- Entelea arborescens | Hender2011
- Firmiana simplex | BicheArMe2022 | (= Sterculia platanifolia)
- Gossypium | WilliaWa1988
- Hibiscus | Borchs1966 Mamet1956
- Hibiscus mutabilis | McDani1969
- Hibiscus rosa-sinensis | Brimbl1968 Takagi1969a Takaha1929
- Hoheria populnea | Hender2011
- Plagianthus divaricatus | Hender2011
- Sida ulmifolia | NoronhWoMe2023
- Sterculia | Balach1932d
- Tilia euchlora | BicheArMe2022
- Urena lobata | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a
- Marantaceae
- Goeppertia picturata | JansenAl2023 | (=Calathea picturata)
- Melastomataceae
- Melastoma | MerrilCh1923
- Melastoma malabathricum | Takagi1969a | (= Melastoma candidum)
- Meliaceae
- Azadirachta indica | MartinWoCu2022
- Dysoxylum spectabile | Hender2011
- Melia | Schmut1998
- Melia azedarach | Balach1932d Bodenh1926 Borchs1966 Mamet1943a McDani1969 MerrilCh1923 Schmut1998 WilliaWa1988 | (= Azedarach indica)
- Owenia venosa | Brimbl1968
- Toona ciliata | Brimbl1968 | (= Cedrela toona australis)
- Menispermaceae
- Cocculus laurifolius | BicheArMe2022
- Moraceae
- Artocarpus | MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988 Wilson1917
- Artocarpus altilis | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Artocarpus communis)
- Artocarpus heterophyllus | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988 | (= Artocarpus integrifolius)
- Ficus | BesheaTiHo1973 Borchs1966 Hall1922 Lepage1938 Mamet1950 Martin1983 MerrilCh1923 WilliaWa1988
- Ficus amplissima | Green1907 | (= Ficus indica)
- Ficus benghalensis | Bodenh1926
- Ficus benjamina | Hender2011
- Ficus carica | Balach1932d Bodenh1926 Bodenh1928 Borchs1966 GomezM1962 Green1896e Mamet1943a Martin1983
- Ficus glandulifera | WilliaWa1988
- Ficus habrophylla | Beards1966 | (= Ficus edulis)
- Ficus pumila | Hender2011
- Ficus repens | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Ficus retusa | BicheArMe2022
- Ficus rubiginosa | Bodenh1924 | (= Ficus ferruginea)
- Ficus sycomorus | BenDov2012
- Morus | Bodenh1937 GomezM1962 Hall1922 McDani1969
- Morus alba | Bodenh1924 Ferris1921a Takagi1969a Takaha1929
- Morus nigra | Martin1983
- Morus rubra | McDani1969
- Streblus heterophyllus | Hender2011
- Moringaceae
- Moringa oleifera | MerrilCh1923
- Musaceae
- Musa | Green1923b WilliaWa1988
- Musa acuminata | Balach1932d Brimbl1968 | (= Musa cavendishii)
- Musa banksii | Brimbl1968
- Musa paradisiaca | Borchs1966 Hall1923 Mamet1943a WilliaWa1988 | (= Musa sapientum)
- Myristicaceae
- Myristica hypargyraea | WilliaWa1988
- Myrtaceae
- Acca sellowiana | BicheArMe2022 | (= Feijoa sellowiana)
- Austromyrtus dulcis | Brimbl1968
- Eucalyptus | BenDov2012
- Eucalyptus crebra | Brimbl1968
- Eucalyptus grandis | WilliaWa1988
- Eucalyptus pilularis | Brimbl1968
- Eugenia bergii | BicheArMe2022
- Leptospermum scoparium | Brimbl1968
- Lophostemon suaveolens | Brimbl1968 | (= Tristania suaeveolens)
- Melaleuca nesophila | MerrilCh1923 Wilson1917
- Metrosideros | Zimmer1948
- Myrtus communis | Martin1983
- Psidium | Lepage1938
- Psidium cattleyanum | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988
- Psidium guajava | Borchs1966 GrandpCh1899 Green1923b Mamet1943a Takagi1969a WilliaWa1988 Borchs1966 Mamet1951 | (= Psidium pomiferum)
- Rhodomyrtus psidioides | Brimbl1968
- Syzygium malaccense | WilliaWa1988 | (= Eugenia malaccensis)
- Oleaceae
- Fraxinus angustifolia | BicheArMe2022
- Jasminum didymum | Brimbl1968 | ssp. lineare (= Jasminum lineare)
- Jasminum humile | Hall1922
- Jasminum sambac | Cocker1894g | (= Jasminum pubescens)
- Ligustrum | MerrilCh1923
- Olea | Bodenh1937
- Olea europaea | Almeid1973b Bodenh1924 Brimbl1968 Matile1984c McKenz1956
- Osmanthus | BesheaTiHo1973
- Onagraceae
- Fuchsia | McKenz1956
- Oenothera lindheimeri | Borchs1966 Mamet1954 | (= Gaura lindheimeri)
- Orchidaceae
- Cymbidium sinense | Takagi1969a Takaha1929
- Epidendrum | MerrilCh1923
- Prosthechea fragrans | BatsanKaKi2017
- Oxalidaceae
- Averrhoa carambola | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Velasq1971 WilliaWa1988
- Paeoniaceae
- Paeonia | BenDov2012
- Pandanaceae
- Freycinetia gladiifolia | Zimmer1948
- Pandanus | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a WilliaWa1988
- Pandanus tectorius | Leonar1920 | (= Pandanus veitchii)
- Pandanus utilis | JansenAl2023
- Passifloraceae
- Passiflora edulis | WilliaWa1988
- Peraceae
- Clutia abyssinica | DeLott1967a | var. var. usambarica (= Clutia mollis)
- Philydraceae
- Helmholtzia glaberrima | Brimbl1968
- Phyllanthaceae
- Phyllanthus | Hall1922
- Phytolaccaceae
- Phytolacca americana | BicheArMe2022 | (= Phytolacca deccandra)
- Picrodendraceae
- Petalostigma pubescens | Brimbl1968
- Pinaceae
- Cedrus | McKenz1956
- Pinus brutia | BenDov2012 | (= Pinus eldarica)
- Pinus pseudostrobus | NormarOkMo2019
- Piperaceae
- Macropiper excelsum | Hender2011
- Piper cernuum | NoronhWoMe2023
- Piper methysticum | WilliaBu1987
- Piper reticulatum | NoronhWoMe2023
- Plantaginaceae
- Veronica | Green1925b
- Veronica ligustrifolia | Hender2011 | (= Hebe ligustrifolia)
- Platanaceae
- Platanus | Bodenh1937 Hall1923 Zahrad1972
- Platanus orientalis | Balach1932d Bodenh1924 | (= Thuja orientalis)
- Plumbaginaceae
- Limonium cymuliferum | Martin1983 | (= Statice gummifer)
- Poaceae
- Bambusa | NoronhWoMe2023
- Chloris | WilliaWa1988
- Saccharum | Hall1922
- Thysanolaena latifolia | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Thysanolaena agrostis)
- Podocarpaceae
- Dacrycarpus dacrydioides | Hender2011
- Polygonaceae
- Antigonon leptopus | Newste1911
- Coccoloba | BesheaTiHo1973
- Homalocladium platycladum | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Zimmer1948 | (= Muehlenbeckia platyclada)
- Primulaceae
- Ardisia sieboldii | Takagi1969a
- Cyclamen persicum | BenDov2012
- Myrsine australis | Hender2011
- Theophrasta | BicheArMe2022
- Wallenia laurifolia | MestreHoHa2015
- Proteaceae
- Banksia robur | NormarOkMo2019
- Grevillea | BenDov2012 McKenz1956
- Grevillea robusta | Borchs1966 Brimbl1968 Mamet1943a
- Leucospermum | Suh2016
- Macadamia | BenDov2012
- Macadamia integrifolia | Balach1956 Brimbl1968
- Macadamia ternifolia | BicheArMe2022
- Macadamia tetraphylla | Brimbl1968
- Persoonia cornifolia | Brimbl1968
- Protea | BenDov2012
- Pteridaceae
- Pteris | Almeid1971
- Rhamnaceae
- Condalia hookeri | McDani1969 | (= Condalia obovata)
- Hovenia dulcis | BicheArMe2022
- Karwinskia humboldtiana | Ferris1921
- Ziziphus | Hall1922
- Rhizophoraceae
- Bruguiera | TakagiDe2011
- Rhizophora | Beards1966
- Rhizophora mucronata | WilliaWa1988
- Rosaceae
- Cotoneaster pannosus | BenDov2012
- Crataegus monogyna | Hender2011
- Crataegus rhipidophylla | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Crataegus oxyacantha)
- Cydonia oblonga | Brimbl1968 Comsto1881a Green1896e Hall1922 | (= Pyrus cydonia)
- Eriobotrya | Dekle1965c Green1923b
- Eriobotrya japonica | BesheaTiHo1973 Bodenh1924 Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Martin1983
- Malus domestica | Almeid1973b Matile1984c | (= Pyrus malus)
- Malus sylvestris | Brimbl1968 WilliaWa1988
- Prunus | BesheaTiHo1973
- Prunus amygdalus | BicheArMe2022
- Prunus avium | Brimbl1968
- Prunus domestica | Hall1922 Martin1983
- Prunus dulcis | BenDov2012 Martin1983 | (= Amygdalus communis)
- Prunus laurocerasus | BicheArMe2022
- Prunus persica | Green1908a WilliaWa1988
- Prunus spinosa | Martin1983
- Pyracantha | BesheaTiHo1973
- Pyrus | Green1923b Lepage1938
- Pyrus bourgaeana | Balach1932d | (= Pyrus mamorensis)
- Pyrus communis | Almeid1971 Brimbl1968 Hall1923 Martin1983
- Rosa | Almeid1971 Almeid1973b Dekle1965c Hall1928 McKenz1956
- Rosa indica | WilliaWa1988
- Rubus | BenDov2012 McKenz1956
- Rubus australis | Hender2011
- Rousseaceae
- Carpodetus serratus | Hender2011
- Rubiaceae
- Atractocarpus fitzalanii | Brimbl1968 | (= Randia fitzalani)
- Buchozia japonica | JansenAl2023 | (=Serissa foetida)
- Canthium | Almeid1973b
- Coffea canephora | WilliaWa1988
- Coprosma areolata | Hender2011
- Gardenia jasminoides | MestreHaEv2011 | (= Gardenia augusta)
- Morinda | Beards1966
- Morinda citrifolia | Beards1966 WilliaWa1988
- Saprosma foetens | Leonar1920 | ssp. ceylanicum (= Saprosma ceylanica)
- Timonius | WilliaWa1988
- Rutaceae
- Calodendrum capense | DeLott1967a
- Citrus | Green1915c Green1937 Lepage1938 Takagi1969a Takaha1939b
- Citrus aurantiifolia | WilliaBu1987 WilliaWa1988
- Citrus aurantium | WilliaWa1988
- Citrus glauca | Brimbl1968
- Citrus limon | Brimbl1968
- Citrus maxima | Green1896e WilliaWa1988 | (= Citrus decumana)
- Citrus paradisi | NormarOkMo2019
- Citrus reticulata | WilliaWa1988
- Citrus sinensis | Beards1966 Brimbl1968 Laing1927 WilliaWa1988
- Coleonema | Brimbl1968
- Salicaceae
- Dovyalis caffra | Borchs1934 DeLott1967a | (= Aberia caffra
- Populus | Hall1923
- Populus alba | Balach1932d Zahrad1972
- Populus nigra | Balach1932d
- Salix | McDani1969 McKenz1956
- Salix babylonica | Brimbl1968 Hall1923
- Salix caprea | Brimbl1968
- Salix nigra | McDani1969
- Santalaceae
- Korthalsella salicornioides | HenderSuRo2010
- Phoradendron leucarpum | BesheaTiHo1973 | (= Phoradendron flavescens)
- Sapindaceae
- Acer macrophyllum | JansenAl2023 | (=Acer palmatum)
- Alectryon excelsus | Hender2011
- Cupania americana | MestreHoHa2015
- Dimocarpus longan | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Euphoria longana)
- Dodonaea viscosa | WilliaWa1988
- Litchi chinensis | GroveScDe2014 Hender2011
- Nephelium lappaceum | HernanNiMa2011
- Sapotaceae
- Chrysophyllum cainito | WilliaWa1988
- Manilkara zapota | CockerRo1915a Velasq1971 | (= Achras sapota)
- Mimusops coriacea | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a | (= Mimusops bojeri)
- Sapotaceae | WilliaWa1988
- Saxifragaceae
- Saxifraga | Borchs1966 Mamet1959a
- Scrophulariaceae
- Buddleja davidii | BicheArMe2022
- Leucophyllum frutescens | McDani1969 | (= Leucophyllum texanum)
- Myoporum | Balach1932d
- Solanaceae
- Brugmansia arborea | Martin1983 | (= Datura arborea)
- Capsicum frutescens | WilliaWa1988
- Solanum | Brimbl1968 WilliaWa1988
- Solanum campylacanthum | DeLott1967a
- Solanum coagulans | Bodenh1924
- Solanum erianthum | NoronhWoMe2023
- Solanum linnaeanum | Hender2011
- Solanum mauritianum | Hender2011
- Solanum melongena | MatileEt2006
- Solanum nigrum | McDani1969
- Stixaceae
- Forchhammeria watsonii | Ferris1921
- Strelitziaceae
- Ravenala madagascariensis | Takagi1969a
- Strelitzia | BenDov2012 Bodenh1952
- Strelitzia alba | Balach1932d | (= Strelitzia augusta)
- Strelitzia nicolai | BicheArMe2022
- Strelitzia reginae | Balach1932d BenDov2012 Hender2011
- Taxaceae
- Taxus baccata | BicheArMe2022
- Theaceae
- Camellia | Green1896e Leonar1920 | (= Thea)
- Camellia japonica | NoriyuMaYo2023
- Camellia sinensis | DeLott1967a Lepage1938 | (= Camellia thea, Thea sinensis)
- Thymelaeaceae
- Daphne gnidium | Pelliz1987
- Thymelaea hirsuta | BenDov2012 Bodenh1924 Bodenh1924a
- Wikstroemia indica | Brimbl1968
- Ulmaceae
- Chaetachme aristata | DeLott1967a
- Ulmus glabra | BicheArMe2022 | (= Ulmus campestris)
- Ulmus minor | Zahrad1972 | (= Ulmus carpinifolia)
- Zelkova serrata | Hender2011
- Verbenaceae
- Glandularia hybrida | Brimbl1968
- Lantana | Lepage1938
- Lantana camara | Brimbl1968
- Verbena hybrida | Brimbl1968
- Vitaceae
- Vitis | BesheaTiHo1973 Borchs1966 Green1907 Lepage1938 Mamet1943a
- Vitis berlandieri | BicheArMe2022
- Vitis riparia | BicheArMe2022
- Vitis rupestris | BicheArMe2022
- Vitis vinifera | Almeid1973b Balach1932d Borchs1966 Green1923b Mamet1943a Takagi1969a Takaha1932a Takaha1933
- Winteraceae
- Zygogynum | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988
- Zingiberaceae
- Aframomum cereum | Balach1956 | (= Amomum sceptrum)
Foes:
Families: 13 | Genera: 31
- Aphelinidae
- Aphytis chilensis | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis chrysomphali | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis coheni | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis confusus | RosenDe1979 |
- Aphytis diaspidis | RosenDe1979 Zimmer1948
- Aphytis hispanicus | BelgueBiBe2017
- Aphytis holoxanthus | LazaroGoRo2023
- Aphytis lepidosaphes | LazaroGoRo2023
- Aphytis lingnanensis | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis maculicornis | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis manii | RehmatAnKh2011
- Aphytis melinus | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis mytilaspidis | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis paramaculicornis | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis perplexus | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis proclia | RosenDe1979
- Aphytis vandenboschi | RosenDe1979
- Coccobius averini | LazaroGoRo2021
- Coccobius juliae | LazaroGoRo2021
- Coccobius mariae | LazaroGoRo2021
- Coccophagus | LazaroGoRo2023
- Encarsia | LazaroGoLo2012
- Encarsia aurantii | PolaszAbHu1999
- Encarsia bicolor | Zimmer1948 | (= Prospaltella bicolor)
- Encarsia citrina | CharleHiAl1995 Parede2019 | (= Aspidiotiphagus citrinus)
- Encarsia gaonae | LazaroGoRo2021
- Encarsia juanae | MyartsRuCo2016
- Encarsia lounsburyi | AbdRab2001a
- Marietta mexicana | LazaroGoLo2012
- Paraphytis | LazaroGoRo2023
- Prophyscus | LazaroGoRo2023
- Pteroptrix | LazaroGoRo2023
- Cecidomyiidae
- Dentifibula obtusilobae | Harris1990
- Cheyletidae
- Cheletomimus berlesei | GersonOcHo1990
- Chrysopidae
- Chrysopa californica | ChuaWo1990
- Chrysoperla plorabunda | ChuaWo1990
- Coccinellidae
- Chilocorus bipustulatus | Kacar2015
- Chilocorus nigritus | BaskarSu2006
- Chilocorus stigma | ChuaWo1990
- Coccidophilus citricola | AguileMeVa1984
- Cycloneda rubripennis | ChuaWo1990
- Pharoscymnus | BelgueBiBe2017
- Pharoscymnus setulosus | BelgueBiBe2017
- Rhyzobius fagus | CharleHiAl1995 | (= Scymnus fagus)
- Rhyzobius lophanthae | BelgueBiBe2017 | (= Lindorus lophanthae)
- Scymnus mediterraneus | BelgueBiBe2017 | (= Mimopullus mediterraneus)
- Cybocephalidae
- Cybocephalus | BelgueBiBe2017
- Cybocephalus micans | Blumbe1973
- Encyrtidae
- Adelencyrtus | LazaroGoRo2023
- Comperiella | LazaroGoRo2023
- Habrolepis diaspidi | AbdRab2001a | (= Habrolepis aspidioti)
- Metaphycus flavus | WolffEfDa2018
- Plagiomerus | LazaroGoLo2012
- Plagiomerus diaspidis | Trjapi1989
- Thomsonisca | LazaroGoRo2023
- Forficulidae
- Forficula auricularia | LoganMaRo2017
- Hemisarcoptidae
- Hemisarcoptes coccophagus | CharleHiAl1995 GersonOcHo1990 HillAlHe1993
- Hemisarcoptes malus | GersonOcHo1990
- Hypocreales
- Cosmospora aurantiicola | MauchlHaHi2011
- Nectriaceae
- Nectria flammea | EvansPr1990
- Phlaeothripidae
- Haplothrips flavipes | ChuaWo1990 | (= Watsoniella flavipes)
- Signiphoridae
- Signiphora | AmouroCrCo2019 LazaroGoLo2012
- Signiphora aspidioti | Woolle1990 Zimmer1948
- Signiphora falcata | LazaroGoRo2021
- Signiphora fax | LazaroGoRo2021 Woolle1990
- Signiphora flavella | Gordh1979
- Signiphora flavopalliata | Gordh1979
- Signiphora louisianae | Gordh1979
- Signiphora merceti | CharleHiAl1995
- Signiphora perpauca | Woolle1990
- Signiphora townsendi | Gordh1979
Associates:
Families: 1 | Genera: 1
- Rhizobiaceae
- Candidatus Walczuchella monophlebidarum | GruwelVoPa2005
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 152
- Agalega Islands | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a
- Algeria | Balach1927 Balach1932d SaighiDoBi2005
- Andaman Islands | WatsonKo2022a
- Angola | Fernan1989 Muntin1969
- Argentina
- Buenos Aires | GranarCl2003
- Corrientes | GranarCl2003
- Entre Rios | GranarCl2003
- Mendoza | GranarCl2003
- Misiones | GranarCl2003
- Salta | GranarCl2003
- Santiago del Estero | GranarCl2003
- Tucuman | GranarCl2003
- Ascension Island | MalumpWhHa2015 WilliaMe2007
- Australia | Suh2016
- New South Wales | WatsonKo2022a
- Northern Territory | WatsonKo2022a
- Queensland | Brimbl1968
- Victoria | WatsonKo2022a
- Austria | Malump2011a
- Azores | FrancoRuMa2011
- Bahamas | WatsonKo2022a
- Bangladesh | Varshn2002
- Barbados | WatsonKo2022a
- Belgium | WatsonKo2022a
- Benin | WatsonKo2022a
- Bermuda | WatsonKo2022a
- Bonin Islands (=Ogasawara-Gunto) | Beards1966 Kawai1987 Kuwana1909a
- Brazil | ImenesBeWo1999 WolffCo1993a
- Amazonas | AlmeidPeMa2018
- Espirito Santo | CulikMaVe2008
- Minas Gerais | Hempel1900a Lepage1938
- Para | MartinFoCu2015 NoronhWoMe2023
- Parana | WatsonKo2022a
- Rio Grande do Sul | ParisPeZa2015
- Rio de Janeiro | Lepage1938 RosenDe1979
- Sao Paulo | Lepage1938
- Brit. Indian Ocean Terr. (=Chagos Arch.) | WatsonKo2022a
- Brunei | WatsonKo2022a
- Bulgaria | Tsalev1968
- Cameroon | Balach1956 MatileNo1984
- Canary Islands | Balach1946 GomezM1962 GomezM1967O MatileOr2001 PerezGCa1987
- Cape Verde | Balach1956 Fernan1972 SchmutPiKl1978 VanHarCoWi1990
- Chile | Gonzal1989 Gonzal1989a GonzalCh1968 VargasRo2008
- Antofagasta | WatsonKo2022a
- Atacama | WatsonKo2022a
- Coquimbo | PizarrAlBa2020
- Coquimbo | WatsonKo2022a
- Maule | WatsonKo2022a
- O'Higgins | WatsonKo2022a
- Santiago | WatsonKo2022a
- Tarapaca | WatsonKo2022a
- Valparaiso | WatsonKo2022a
- China | Kuwana1927 Tang1984
- Fujian (=Fukien) | WatsonKo2022a
- Guangdong (=Kwangtung) | WatsonKo2022a
- Guangxi (=Kwangsi) | WatsonKo2022a
- Hubei (=Hupei) | WatsonKo2022a
- Jiangsu (=Kiangsu) | WatsonKo2022a
- Jiangxi (=Kiangsi) | WatsonKo2022a
- Nei Monggol (=Inner Mongolia) | WatsonKo2022a
- Xianggang (=Hong Kong) | MartinLa2011
- Yunnan | WatsonKo2022a
- Zhejiang (=Chekiang) | WatsonKo2022a
- Colombia | Figuer1946 Kondo2001
- Comoros | Matile1978
- Cook Islands | WilliaWa1988
- Corsica | Foldi2003
- Costa Rica | Suh2016
- Cote d'Ivoire (=Ivory Coast) | WatsonKo2022a
- Crete | PellizPoSe2011 RosenDe1979
- Croatia | Masten2007
- Cuba | MestreHaEv2011
- Cyprus | RosenDe1979 SismanUl2010
- Czech Republic | Zahrad1953 Zahrad1977 Zahrad1990b
- Democratic Republic of the Congo (=Zaire) | Balach1956
- Dominica | WatsonKo2022a
- Dominican Republic | GomezM1941
- Easter Island | WatsonKo2022a
- Ecuador | YustCe1956
- Egypt | AbdRabEv2021 Bodenh1923 Ezzat1958 Hall1922 Hall1923
- Eritrea | WatsonKo2022a
- Ethiopia | WatsonKo2022a
- Federated States of Micronesia | Takaha1942d
- Caroline Islands | Takaha1941b
- Kosrae (=Kusaie) | Beards1966
- Pohnpei Island | Beards1966
- Pohnpei Island | WatsonKo2022a
- Truk Islands | Beards1966 Takaha1939b
- Yap | Beards1966
- Yap | WatsonKo2022a
- Fiji | Green1915c HodgsoLa2011 WilliaWa1988
- France | FoldiGe2018 Signor1869b
- French Guiana | WatsonKo2022a
- French Polynesia
- Society Islands | DoaneHa1909 Ferris1935 WilliaWa1988
- Tahiti | WatsonKo2022a
- Galapagos Islands | CaustoPeSi2006 Kuwana1902a PeckHeLa1998
- Georgia (Republic of) | BatsanKaKi2017
- Abkhaz ASSR | Borchs1934 Borchs1936
- Adzhar ASSR | Borchs1936
- Ghana | Balach1956 Newste1917b
- Greece | Bodenh1928 Korone1934 RosenDe1979
- Guadeloupe | MatileEt2006
- Guiana | GermaiDeLa2016
- Guinea | Balach1956
- Guyana (=British Guiana) | Newste1914
- Haiti | PerezG2008
- Hawaiian Islands
- Hawaii | Maskel1897a Zimmer1948
- Honduras | JansenAl2023
- India | Green1908a Ramakr1921a
- Andhra Pradesh | WatsonKo2022a
- Assam | Varshn2002
- Bihar | WatsonKo2022a
- Gujarat | WatsonKo2022a
- Himachal Pradesh | Verma2014
- Karnataka | PrakasPa2015 UsmanPu1955
- Kerala | WatsonKo2022a
- Maharashtra | Varshn2002
- Odisha (=Orissa) | Varshn2002
- Sikkim | WatsonKo2022a
- Tamil Nadu | Varshn2002
- West Bengal | Varshn2002
- West Bengal | WatsonKo2022a
- Indonesia | Kalsho1981
- Irian Jaya | WilliaWa1988
- Java | WatsonKo2022a
- Sumatra | WatsonKo2022a
- Iran | Moghad2004
- Iraq | WatsonKo2022a
- Israel | Bodenh1924 Bodenh1937 GersonZo1973 RosenDe1979 SpodekBeMe2014
- Italy | InserrCa1987 Leonar1920 LongoMaPe1995 Pelliz1987
- Sicily | InserrCa1987
- Jamaica | Newste1917b
- Japan | Kawai1980 Kuwana1917a Kuwana1933
- Honshu | Kuwana1902 TakahaTa1956
- Shikoku | TakahaTa1956
- Johnston Island | WatsonKo2022a
- Jordan | WatsonKo2022a
- Kenya | DeLott1967a Newste1917b Schmut1998
- Kiribati | WilliaWa1988
- Latvia | Stalaz2021
- Lebanon | AbdulNMo2006 Bodenh1926
- Libya | WatsonKo2022a
- Madagascar | Borchs1966 Mamet1950 Mamet1951 Mamet1954 Mamet1959a
- Madeira Islands | Balach1938a FrancoRuMa2011 Green1923b
- Malawi | WatsonKo2022a
- Malaysia | Suh2016
- Maldives | WatsonKo2022a
- Mali | WatsonKo2022a
- Malta | Borg1932 MifsudMaRu2014
- Marshall Islands | Beards1966
- Martinique | MatileEt2006
- Mauritius | Borchs1966 GrandpCh1899 Mamet1943a Mamet1949
- Mexico | Cocker1899n MillarChMc2012
- Baja California Norte | Ferris1921
- Colima | LazaroGoRo2023
- Guanajuato | LazaroGoRo2023
- Jalisco | LazaroGoRo2023
- Mexico State | GonzalAt1984 LazaroGoRo2021
- Michoacan | LazaroGoLo2012
- Morelos | LazaroGoRo2023
- Nayarit | LazaroGoRo2023
- Queretaro | LazaroGoRo2023
- Tamaulipas | NormarOkMo2019
- Mongolia | DanzigKo1990
- Morocco | Balach1932d
- Mozambique | Almeid1971
- New Caledonia | Cohic1958 WilliaWa1988
- New Zealand | CharleHiAl1995 Hender2011
- Nicaragua | WatsonKo2022a
- Nicobar Islands | WatsonKo2022a
- Nigeria | WatsonKo2022a
- Niue | WilliaWa1988
- Oman | WatsonKo2022a
- Pakistan | Varshn2002
- Palau | Beards1966
- Panama | NormarMoKr2014
- Papua New Guinea | WilliaWa1988
- Peru | Nunez2008
- Philippines | Suh2016
- Luzon | CockerRo1915a Lit1997b
- Poland | Dziedz1989
- Portugal | Fernan1992 Seabra1941 Seabra1942
- Puerto Rico & Vieques Island
- Puerto Rico | ColonFMe1998 Martor1976
- Reunion | GermaiMiPa2014 Mamet1957
- Rodriques Island | WatsonKo2022a
- Romania | DanzigPe1998 Teodor2018
- Russia | WatsonKo2022a
- Rwanda | JansenAl2023
- Ryukyu Islands (=Nansei Shoto) | KinjoNaHi1996
- Saint Helena | Matile1976
- Saint Lucia | Malump2014a
- Sao Tome and Principe | Seabra1921
- Sardinia | Pelliz2011
- Saudi Arabia | Matile1984c
- Senegal | EtiennMa1993
- Seychelles | Borchs1966 Green1907 Mamet1943a
- Aldabra Island | WatsonKo2022a WilliaMa2009b
- Sierra Leone | WatsonKo2022a
- Singapore | WatsonKo2022a
- Solomon Islands | WilliaWa1988
- Somalia | WatsonKo2022a
- South Africa | Balach1956 BrainKe1917
- South Korea | ESKSAE1994
- Spain | BlayGo1993 GomezM1937 GomezM1946 Martin1983
- Sri Lanka | Green1896e
- Sudan | Balach1956
- Suriname | JansenAl2023
- Syria | WatsonKo2022a
- Taiwan | Ferris1921a Leonar1900 Takagi1969a Takaha1929 Takaha1932a WongChCh1999
- Tanzania | Balach1956
- Thailand | Takaha1942b
- Togo | WatsonKo2022a
- Tokelau | WilliaWa1988 | WatsonKo2022a
- Tonga | WilliaWa1988
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Trinidad | WatsonKo2022a
- Tunisia | Gharbi2021
- Turkey | Bodenh1949 Bodenh1952
- Tuvalu | WilliaWa1988
- U.S. Virgin Islands | Beatty1944 Nakaha1983
- Uganda | Balach1956 Gowdey1917 Newste1910a Newste1910c Newste1911 Newste1917b
- United Kingdom
- Channel Islands | Green1925b
- England | WatsonKo2022a
- Wales | WatsonKo2022a
- United States
- Alabama | BesheaTiHo1973
- Arkansas | WatsonKo2022a
- Arkansas | WatsonKo2022a
- California | McKenz1956 MillarChMc2012 RosenDe1979
- Colorado | WatsonKo2022a
- Delaware | WatsonKo2022a
- District of Columbia | WatsonKo2022a
- Florida | BesheaTiHo1973 Comsto1881a Dekle1965c Merril1953 MerrilCh1923 Wilson1917
- Georgia | BesheaTiHo1973 TippinBe1970
- Illinois | WatsonKo2022a
- Indiana | WatsonKo2022a
- Iowa | WatsonKo2022a
- Kansas | Hunter1899
- Louisiana | WatsonKo2022a
- Maryland | StoetzDa1974a
- Massachusetts | WatsonKo2022a
- Michigan | WatsonKo2022a
- Mississippi | Herric1911
- Missouri | Hollin1923
- New Jersey | WatsonKo2022a
- New Mexico | WatsonKo2022a
- New York | WatsonKo2022a
- North Carolina | WatsonKo2022a
- Ohio | WatsonKo2022a
- Oklahoma | WatsonKo2022a
- Pennsylvania | WatsonKo2022a
- South Carolina | WatsonKo2022a
- Tennessee | WatsonKo2022a
- Texas | Herric1911 McDani1969
- Virginia | BesheaTiHo1973
- Vanuatu (=New Hebrides) | WilliaBu1987 WilliaWa1988
- Venezuela | WatsonKo2022a
- Vietnam | DanzigKo1990
- Volcano Islands (=Kazan-Reto) | Beards1966
- Wake Island | Beards1966
- Western Samoa | Laing1927 WilliaWa1988
- Zambia | WatsonKo2022a
- Zanzibar | Balach1956 Borchs1966 Green1916 Mamet1956
- Zimbabwe | Balach1956 Hall1928
Keys
- DaoBeWa2023: pp.1024, 1027-1028 ( Adult (F) ) [Diaspididae on citrus in Indochina and southern China.]
- LazaroGoRo2023: pp.247-248 ( Adult (F) ) [Armored scale species on avocado in central Mexico]
- MoghadWa2021: pp.131 ( Adult (F) ) [Hemiberlesia in Iran]
- WeiScNo2021: pp.17-23 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotini from Panama]
- Moghad2021: pp.378 ( Adult (F) ) [Hemiberlesia in Iran]
- SchneiClWe2020: pp.67-71 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotini in Argentina]
- LiuFe2018: pp.584 ( Adult (F) ) [Hemiberlesia in China]
- WolffEfDa2018: pp.5-6 ( Adult (F) ) [Secies recorded on Olea europaea in Brazil]
- Hender2011: pp.100 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Hemiberlesia adult females in New Zealand]
- EvansWaMi2009: pp.63-67 ( Adult (F) ) [Diaspididae species found on avocado]
- MillerDa2005: pp.29-35 ( Adult (F) ) [Field Key to Economic Armored Scales]
- Gill1997: pp.155 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of California]
- Koszta1996: pp.509 ( Adult (F) ) [Northeastern North America]
- Danzig1993: pp.169 ( Adult (F) ) [Europe]
- Zahrad1990b: pp.104 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
- WilliaWa1988: pp.132 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific]
- Terezn1986: pp.113 ( Adult (F) ) [Ukraine]
- Chou1985: pp.300 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of China]
- GersonZo1973: pp.516 ( Adult (F) ) [Israel]
- Velasq1971: pp.110 ( Adult (F) ) [Philippines]
- McDani1969: pp.107 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Texas]
- Beards1966: pp.520 ( Adult (F) ) [Federated States of Micronesia ]
- GomezM1962: pp.166 ( Adult (F) ) [Canary Islands]
- Ezzat1958: pp.241 ( Adult (F) ) [Egypt]
- Balach1956: pp.106 ( Adult (F) ) [Africa]
- McKenz1956: pp.25 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: California]
- Balach1953k: pp.114 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
- Balach1948b: pp.299 ( Adult (F) ) [Mediterranean]
- Lupo1948: pp.139 ( Adult (F) ) [Italy]
- Zimmer1948: pp.358 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
- Ferris1942: pp.34 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
- Archan1937: pp.99 ( Adult (F) ) [Central Asia]
- Kuwana1933: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
- Kuwana1933b: pp.49 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
- Fullaw1932: pp.95-97, 107 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
- Archan1929: pp.190 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic Region]
- Hollin1923: pp.7-8 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Missouri]
- Leonar1920: pp.29-30 ( Adult (F) ) [Italy]
- Lawson1917: pp.217 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Kansas]
- Robins1917: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Philippines]
- DietzMo1916a: pp.289-290 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Indiana]
- Cocker1905: pp.45-46 ( Adult (F) ) [Mexico]
- Cocker1905b: pp.202 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Colorado]
- Newell1899: pp.4-5, 25 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
- Green1896e: pp.40 ( Adult (F) ) [Sri Lanka]
- Comsto1883: pp.55-57 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Remarks
- Systematics: GeneBank Accession No. AB439521 (Yokogawa & Yahara, 2009). Aspidiotus implicatus Maskell, 1897 is a junior synonym of H. lataniae. However, Chou (1985: 303) listed the former as a synonym, whereas on page 305 it was regarded as a valid species. This species was reported to have uniparental as well as biparental populations (Brown, 1965). Hemiberlesia lataniae is a problematic species within the Diaspidiotus clade illustrated in Schneider, et al., 2018.
- Structure: Female scale little elongated; yellow; transparent in center and white in the circumference or around the exuviae; exuviae large, oval elongate. Male scale not found (Signoret, 1869b). Female scale quite convex, with the exuviae displaced toward one side, the scale thus having a slightly tilted appearance, color ranging from white to gray, the exuviae described by some authors as yellowish but quite dark in all the specimens examined. Male scale unknown (Ferris, 1938a). Body yellow to orange, eggs and crawlers yellow. Males absent from some populations. Male scale cover paler and smaller than that of female, elongate oval with yellow subterminal exuviae. (Watson & Kondo, 2022). Colour photograph by Gonzalez (1986), Gill (1997), Wong et al. (1999) and by Claps & Wolff (2003), Watson & Kondo (2022).
- Biology: Occurring on any part of the host, but perhaps most commonly on the bark (Ferris, 1938a). Magsig-Castillo et al. (2010) have demonstrated the occurrence of phoretic dispersal of crawlers of Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret). The crawlers use the tarsal and claw digitules of each leg to attach themselves to three different insect species Musca domestica L., Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant and Linepithema humile (Mayr) and can effectively be moved phoretically by these insects. Hemiberlesia lataniae eggs are laid under the female shell and take a few hours to hatch. The first larval instar settles near the female mother and moults after 14 days. The larval development takes 56 to 65 days. Active dispersal is provided by the rst stage and passive dispersal is achieved by wind and animal agents. Magsig-Castillo et al (2010) observed a larvae phoretic dispersal. Each year, H. lataniae completes 2 generations in USA (Stoetzel & Davidson 1974), 3 generations in Egypt (El-Minshway et al 1972) and 4 generations in Israel (Gerson & Zor 1973).
- Economic Importance: The latania scale is a highly polyphagous scale insect (see Host Plants) and widely distributed in almost all zoogeographical regions (CABI, 1970, and see Distribution). It is a pest of several agricultural crops and ornamental plants, such as: Kiwi, in New Zealand (Hill, 1989a; Blank et al. 1992) and Chile (Gonzalez, 1989a); Olive in the Mediterranean Basin (Argyriou, 1990); avocado in Israel (Gerson & Zor, 1973), California (Gill, 1997) and Chile (Vargas & Rodríguez (2008); mango in Malaysia (Chua & Wood, 1990); tea plants (Nagarkatti & Sankaran, 1990); ornamentals in Florida (Dekle, 1976). Immature latania scale insects were found to be resistant to Cosmospora fungal infection. This is believed due to the adhesion of the test to the substrate, providing a physical barrier to fungal entry and the inability of this fungus to form appressoria. Cosmospora spp. can gain access to the bodies of armored scale insects only after the adult scale insect becomes reproductively mature. An opening must be present between the test and the substrate, as occurs when the mature insect is releasing crawlers. After the fungus has gained access under the test, it must locate a body orifice through which it invades and infects the insect. The age-related specificity of this pathosystem could be seen as a practical limitation to effective biopesticide application,
- General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Brain (1918), Kuwana (1933), Balachowsky (1948, 1956), Zimmerman (1948), McKenzie (1956), Gomez-Menor Guerrero (1962), Takagi (1969a), Velasquez (1971), Tang (1984), Chou (1985, 1986), Tereznikova (1986), Williams & Watson (1988), Dziedzicka (1989), Zahradník (1990b), Danzig (1993), Kosztarab (1996), Gill (1997), Colon-Ferrer & Medina-Gaud (1998) and by Zamudio & Claps (2005). Description and illustration of adult female, male nymphs, male pupa and male prepupa by Stoetzel & Davidson (1974a).
Illustrations
Citations
- AbdRab2001a: biological control, distribution, host, 176
- AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 34-35
- AbdulNMo2006: distribution, host, 517-520
- AbouEl2001: biological control, distribution, host, 185-195
- AguileDiGr1981: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 175-178
- AguileMeVa1984: biological control, life history, 47-54
- Almeid1971: distribution, host, 11-12
- Almeid1973b: distribution, host, 9
- AlmeidPeMa2018: distribution, host, 355
- AmouroCrCo2019: distribution, natural enemies, 12
- AmouroCrGe2017: phylogenetics, phylogeny, 3
- AmunCl2015: distribution, host, 4
- AndersWuGr2010: molecular data, 992-1003
- Archan1929: taxonomy, 90
- Archan1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 99-100
- Argyri1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 579-583
- ArgyriStMo1976: biological control, distribution, host, 26
- Azeved1925: distribution, host, 85-86
- Baker1976: biological control, life history, 1-25
- Balach1927: distribution, host, 177
- Balach1932b: ecology, 517-522
- Balach1932d: distribution, host, taxonomy, III-IV
- Balach1938a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 146-148
- Balach1946: distribution, host, 212
- Balach1948b: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 302-306
- Balach1953k: taxonomy, 114
- Balach1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 108
- Balach1959a: distribution, host, 362
- BalikaKoPr2011: distribution, host, 579
- BarJosGe1973: economic importance, structure, 146-147
- Barnes1930: biological control, 319-326
- BartleDe1952: biological control, 16-17
- BaskarSu2006: biological control, 159-164
- BatsanKaKi2017: distribution, host, 258
- Beards1966: distribution, host, 520-521
- BeardsDaHo1976: economic importance, 105
- BeardsGo1975: economic importance, 49
- Beatty1944: distribution, host, 114-172
- BelgueBiBe2017: biological control, natural enemies, 122, 127, 128
- BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 30, 44
- BenDovGe2003: catalog, 528-545
- BenassAlLi1984: distribution, host, 325-327
- BerryMoHi1989: distribution, economic importance, host, 182-186
- BesheaTiHo1973: distribution, host, 6
- BicheArMe2022: distribution, host, 501
- BiezanSe1940: distribution, host, 67-68
- BlankGiDo1997: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 293-297
- BlankGiDo1999: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 1-12
- BlankGiMc2000: ecology, host, life history, 1752-1759
- BlankGiOl1994: distribution, host, life history, 304-309
- BlankOl1989: chemical control, 191-194
- BlankOl1990a: chemical control, 243-246
- BlankOlCl1993: chemical control, distribution, host, 80-85
- BlankOlGi1992: distribution, economic importance, host, 397-405
- BlankOlGi1993: economic importance, 139-145
- BlankOlGi1994: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 28-30
- BlankOlTo1994: chemical control, 195-202
- BlankOlWa1991: chemical control, 75-79
- BlayGo1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 484-490
- Blumbe1973: biological control, distribution, host, 125-131
- BoboyeCa1975: chemical control, 473-476
- Bodenh1924: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 32-33
- Bodenh1924a: distribution, host, 122
- Bodenh1926: distribution, host, 42
- Bodenh1928: distribution, host, 191
- Bodenh1935: distribution, host, 246
- Bodenh1937: distribution, host, 217
- Bodenh1944a: taxonomy, 81
- Bodenh1949: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 65
- Bodenh1952: description, distribution, host, structure, taxonomy, 339
- Bondar1914: distribution, economic importance, host, 1064-1106
- Bondar1915: distribution, economic importance, host, 44-47
- Borchs1934: distribution, host, 28
- Borchs1935a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25
- Borchs1936: distribution, host, 133
- Borchs1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 128
- Borchs1937a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 41
- Borchs1939: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 8,14
- Borchs1949d: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 240
- Borchs1950b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 218,223
- Borchs1966: catalog, 305-308
- Box1953: biological control, distribution, host, 51
- Brain1918: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 129
- BrainKe1917: distribution, 183
- Brick1912: distribution, host, 1-22
- Brimbl1961: distribution, host, 1-2
- Brimbl1962: distribution, economic importance, host, 221
- Brimbl1968: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 50-54
- Britto1923b: distribution, host,
- BurgerUl1990: economic importance, 313-327
- Butani1979: economic importance, 36-40
- CABI1976: distribution, host, 1-2
- CaliskUl2017: distribution, host, taxonomy, 340
- Caltag1985: biological control, taxonomy, 189-200
- CanaleVa1999: biological control,
- CaustoPeSi2006: distribution, 137
- Charle1998: biological control, distribution, economic importance, 52N
- CharleHe2002: distribution, economic importance, host, 587-615
- CharleHiAl1995: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 319-324
- CharleHiAl1995a: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 297-300
- CheahIr1997: distribution, host,
- Chiesa1948: distribution, economic importance, host,
- Chou1985: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 302-305
- Chou1986: illustration, taxonomy, 685
- ChuaWo1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 543-552
- ClapsDo2003: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 21
- ClapsWoGo2001a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 19
- Cocker1893cc: distribution, host, 101
- Cocker1893j: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 255
- Cocker1894g: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 129-131
- Cocker1895b: taxonomy, 16
- Cocker1896b: distribution, 334
- Cocker1897i: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 21-24,27,29
- Cocker1897q: taxonomy, 703
- Cocker1897s: distribution, host, taxonomy, 384
- Cocker1898n: distribution, host, taxonomy, 184-185
- Cocker1899a: taxonomy, 395,396
- Cocker1899n: distribution, host, taxonomy, 22,23
- Cocker1900f: distribution, host, taxonomy, 72
- Cocker1900k: taxonomy, 350
- Cocker1905: taxonomy, 45-46
- Cocker1905b: taxonomy, 202
- CockerRo1915a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 427
- Cohic1958: distribution, host, 14
- ColonFMe1998: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 59-60
- Comsto1881a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 295-296
- Comsto1883: taxonomy, 61,78-79
- CostaL1949: biological control, distribution, host, 65-87
- Costan1938: distribution, host, 25-44
- Creigh1942: control, distribution, host, 219-233
- CulikMaVe2008: distribution, host, 1-6
- DEDAC1923: distribution, host,
- DahmsSm1994: biological control, distribution, host, 245-255
- DaneelMeJa1994: distribution, host, 72-74
- Danzig1964: distribution, host, taxonomy, 652
- Danzig1972: distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 213
- Danzig1990: distribution, host, 47
- Danzig1993: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 174-175
- DanzigKo1990: distribution, host, 47
- DanzigPe1998: catalog, 272-273
- DaoBeWa2023: key, 1028
- DavidsDiFl1991: chemical control, 1-47
- DavidsMi1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 603-632
- DeBach1964: biological control,
- DeBach1964d: biological control, 8-15
- DeBach1974: biological control,
- DeBachBa1964: biological control, 402-426
- DeBachHu1971: biological control, 113-140
- DeBachRo1991: biological control,
- DeBachWh1960: biological control, life history, 4-58
- DeLott1967a: distribution, host, 114
- DeSant1940: biological control, 29-44
- DeSant1979: biological control,
- DeitzTo1980: taxonomy, 38,43
- Dekle1954: distribution, economic importance, host, 226-228
- Dekle1965c: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 71
- Dekle1976: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 92
- Dhilee1991: distribution, host, 94-99
- Dhilee1996: biological control, distribution, host, 64-74
- DicksoFl1955: distribution, host, 614-615
- DietzMo1916a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 299-301
- DixLuMoKu2019: distribution, host,
- Doane1931: control, distribution, host,
- DoaneFe1916: distribution, host, 400
- DoaneHa1909: distribution, host, 297
- DooleySm2013: catalog, 11
- Doutt1959: biological control, 161-182
- DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 115
- Dozier1933: biological control, distribution, host, 85-100
- DreistClFl1994: control, economic importance, life history, taxonomy,
- Dupont1931: distribution, host, 1-18
- Dziedz1989: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 106-108
- EHG1897: distribution, host, 67-85
- ESKSAE1994: distribution, list, 113
- Ebelin1949: control, distribution, host, life history,
- EbelinPe1953: control, distribution, host, life history, 1-35
- EdwardCaPo2008: molecular biology, molecular data, 1944-1949
- EfromRoWo2019: control, economic importance,
- EhlerEn1984: biological control, chemical control, distribution, host, 1-47
- Ehrhor1913: distribution, host, 101
- ElMinsElHa1971a: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 461-467
- ElMinsElHa1974: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 223-232
- ElsebaAh2017: distribution, host, 1071
- EtiennMa1993: distribution, host, 258
- EvansPr1990: biological control, 3-17
- EvansWaMi2009: taxonomy, 63-67
- Ezzat1958: distribution, 241
- EzzatNa1987: distribution, 87
- FDACSB1982: distribution, host, 5-11
- FDACSB1983: distribution, host, 6-8
- FangWuXu2001: distribution, host, 109
- FergusFl1991: biological control, distribution, host, 260-261
- Fernal1903b: 256,265-267
- Fernan1972: distribution, host, 12
- Fernan1973a: distribution, host, illustration, 252-255
- Fernan1989: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 133-134
- Fernan1992: distribution, host, 60
- Ferris1921: distribution, host, 126
- Ferris1921a: distribution, host, 219
- Ferris1935: distribution, host, 131
- Ferris1936: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 10-12
- Ferris1937c: illustration, taxonomy, 51,82
- Ferris1938a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 241
- Ferris1941e: taxonomy, 42-48
- Ferris1942: taxonomy, 34
- Figuer1946: distribution, host, 212
- Figuer1952: distribution, host, 209
- FinneyFi1964: biological control, 328-355
- Flande1947: biological control, host, 746-747
- Flande1949a: biological control, 257-274
- Flande1971: biological control, life history, 857-872
- Foldi1990: structure, 43-54
- Foldi2001: distribution, 303-308
- Foldi2002: distribution, host, 246
- Foldi2003: distribution, host, 151
- FoldiGe2018: distribution, 10
- Fonsec1934a: distribution, host, 263
- FonsecAu1932a: distribution, host, 202-214
- FrancoRuMa2011: distribution, 12,24
- Fullaw1932: taxonomy, 97,107
- Garcia1930: biological control, distribution, host,
- Gavril2018: reproduction, 239
- Gentry1965: distribution, economic importance, host,
- GermaiDeLa2016: host, list of species, 3
- GermaiMa2005: distribution, host, 34
- GermaiMaPi2002: distribution, host, 255
- GermaiMiPa2014: distribution, 23
- Gerson1967c: biological control, distribution, host, 632-638
- Gerson1990: taxonomy, 130
- GersonOcHo1990: biological control, 77-97
- GersonZo1973: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 514-533
- Gharbi2021: biology, distribution, host, structure, 9-10
- Gill1997: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 156-157,159
- GomezM1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 80-84
- GomezM1941: distribution, host, 128
- GomezM1946: distribution, host, 61
- GomezM1956: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 13-16
- GomezM1957: distribution, host, 45
- GomezM1962: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 166-169
- GomezM1965: distribution, host, 90
- GomezM1967O: distribution, host, 131
- GomezM1968: distribution, host, 541
- Gonzal1986: distribution, economic importance, host, 23
- Gonzal1989: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 96
- Gonzal1989a: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 35-43
- Gonzal2016: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, illustration, taxonomy, 95, 111, 1332, 165-168
- GonzalCh1968: distribution, 110
- GonzalCu1994: distribution, economic importance, host, 9
- Gordh1979: biological control, 895,911
- Gowdey1913: distribution, host, 247-249
- Gowdey1917: distribution, host, 189
- GranarCl2003: distribution, host, 625-637
- Green1896e: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 49-50,62-63
- Green1899c: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 181-183
- Green1900a: taxonomy, 71
- Green1907: distribution, host, 202
- Green1908a: distribution, host, 33
- Green1915c: distribution, host, 44
- Green1916: distribution, host, 376
- Green1922: taxonomy, 460
- Green1923b: distribution, host, 89
- Green1925b: distribution, host, 518
- Green1937: catalog, distribution, host, 330
- GreenMa1907: distribution, taxonomy, 344
- GroveDe2017: distribution, host, 300
- GroveDeDa2013: distribution, host, 377
- GroveScDe2014: biological control, economic importance, host, 413
- GruwelMoNo2007: endosymbionts, taxonomy, 267-280
- GugliuMaMa2019: distribution, host, list, 4, 5
- GuindaNoWo2017: ant association, diagnosis, illustration,
- Haas1934: chemical control, chemistry, physiology, 477-492
- HagenVaDa1971: biological control, distribution, host, 253-293
- Hall1922: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25-26
- Hall1923: distribution, host, 42-43
- Hall1924a: distribution, economic importance, host, 9
- Hall1928: distribution, host, 274
- Hamlen1974: distribution, host, 6-8
- Hamon1998a: distribution, host, taxonomy,
- Hargre1937: distribution, economic importance, host, 505-520
- Harris1937: distribution, host, 483-488
- Harris1990: biological control, 61-66
- HaseyOlVa1999: control, distribution, host,
- HaseyOlVa2002: control, 3449
- HassanHa1985: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 63-72
- HassanHaSh2008: biological control, distribution, host, 296
- Hayat1989: biological control, distribution, host, 1-3
- Hempel1900a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 502
- Hempel1904: distribution, host, 319
- Hempel1920: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 140
- Hender2011: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 24,32,100,102,227-8
- HenderSuRo2010: distribution, host, 14
- HernanNiMa2011: host, 379-380
- Herric1911: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 10,18,52
- Hewitt1943: distribution, host, 266-274
- Hill1989a: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 177-182
- HillAlHe1993: biological control, distribution, host, 369-376
- HillHeMa2011: evolution, life history, taxonomy, 153-159
- HillMaCh2007: control, distribution, economic importance, host,
- HillWuDa2016: genetics, host, 281-283
- HillZhMa2019: host, resistance,
- HodgsoLa2011: distribution, host, 24
- Hollin1923: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 13
- Houser1918: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 166-167
- HoyHe1985: biological control,
- HoyHe1985: biological control,
- Hsu1935: distribution, host, 578-590
- Hunt1939: distribution, host, 548-566
- Hunter1899: distribution, host, taxonomy, 11
- ImenesBeWo1999: distribution, host, 117-119
- InserrCa1987: distribution, host, 93
- IzraylGe1993: biological control, distribution, host, 861-875
- IzraylGe1993a: biological control, distribution, host, 877-888
- IzraylGe1995: biological control, distribution, host, 439-446
- IzraylGe1995b: biological control, distribution, host, 235-240
- IzraylGeHa1996: biological control, ecology, life history, 390-395
- IzraylHaGe1995: biological control, ecology, life history, 138-145
- JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 26,34
- JiYa1990: biological control, 134-136
- Kacar2015: natural enemies, 159
- Kalsho1981: distribution, host, 170
- Kawai1980: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 222
- Kawai1987: distribution, host, 78
- KaydanUlEr2007: catalog, distribution, host, 95
- KeallHaMc2020: distribution, host,
- King1900b: taxonomy, 215
- KinjoNaHi1996: distribution, host, 125-127
- Kiritc1932a: taxonomy, 246
- Koehle1964: control, distribution, host,
- Kondo2001: distribution, host, taxonomy, 44
- Kondo2010: distribution, host, 41-44
- KondoKa1995: distribution, host, 57-58
- KondoMu2016: distribution, host, illustration, 6
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 16
- Korone1934: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 1-2
- Koszta1996: biological control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 511-513
- Kozar1990a: economic importance, life history, 341-347
- Kuwana1902: distribution, host, 68
- Kuwana1902a: distribution, host, 31
- Kuwana1907: distribution, host, 195
- Kuwana1909a: distribution, host, 160
- Kuwana1917a: distribution, taxonomy, 174
- Kuwana1927: distribution, host, 71
- Kuwana1933: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 12-13
- LagowsGo2020: distribution, 69
- LagowsGoHo2022: distribution, host, list, 10
- Laing1927: distribution, host, 39,40
- Lawson1917: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 230-232
- LazaroGoLo2012: biological control, distribution, 8,10-11
- LazaroGoRo2021: distribution, host, natural enemies,
- LazaroGoRo2023: diagnosis, distribution, host, host distribution, key, natural enemies, taxonomy, 247, 257-258
- LePell1959: distribution, host, 33-48
- Leonar1897: taxonomy, 285-286
- Leonar1898a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 76-78
- Leonar1898c: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 44-46,69-71
- Leonar1900: distribution, host, taxonomy, 340-341
- Leonar1918: distribution, host, 189
- Leonar1920: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 40-41
- Lepage1938: catalog, 395-397
- Lepesm1947: description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 207-208
- Lindin1907a: taxonomy, 19
- Lindin1909c: distribution, host, taxonomy, 449
- Lindin1910b: distribution, host, 36-37
- Lindin1911a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 14-15
- Lindin1912b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 50,153,240
- Lindin1924: distribution, host, taxonomy, 174
- Lindin1935: taxonomy, 129
- Lindin1957: taxonomy, 545,546,549
- Lit1997b: distribution, host, 92
- LitCaLu2022: economic importance,
- LiuFe2018: distribution, key, 584
- LoBl1989: distribution, host, 1-4
- Lobdel1937: taxonomy, 78
- LoganMaRo2017: economic importance, host, natural enemies, 469–479
- LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 127
- Lupo1948: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 164-169
- MacGil1921: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 405,406,412
- Mackie1931: distribution, host, 419
- Mackie1931: distribution, economic importance, host, 419-441
- Mackie1935: distribution, host, 403
- MagsigMoWa2010: dispersal, life history, physiology, 1172-1179
- Mallam1954: distribution, 24-60
- Malump2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 56-58
- Malump2012b: distribution, 213
- Malump2014a: distribution, host, 75
- MalumpKa2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 57,58
- MalumpWhHa2015: distribution, host, 135
- Mamet1943a: 160,161
- Mamet1949: catalog, 60
- Mamet1950: distribution, host, 23
- Mamet1951: distribution, host, 228
- Mamet1954: distribution, host, 17
- Mamet1956: distribution, host, 138
- Mamet1957: distribution, host, 369,375
- Mamet1959a: distribution, host, 387
- Marlat1899b: taxonomy, 211
- Marlat1899e: taxonomy, 658
- Marlat1900: taxonomy, 427
- Marlat1921a: distribution, host, 1-36
- Martin1983: distribution, host, taxonomy, 65
- MartinLa2011: catalog, distribution, host, 38
- MartinWoCu2022: distribution, host, 5
- Martor1976: distribution, host, 48,73,151,213,249
- Maskel1892: distribution, host, taxonomy, 13-14
- Maskel1897a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 240-241
- Maskel1898: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 224-227
- Masten2007: distribution, host, taxonomy, 1-242
- Matile1976: distribution, host, 312-313
- Matile1978: distribution, host, 64
- Matile1984c: distribution, host, 221
- MatileBa1972: distribution, host, 113
- MatileEt2006: distribution, host, 170
- MatileNo1984: distribution, host, 65
- MatileOr2001: distribution, host, 190
- Matta1979: biological control, distribution, host, 231-242
- MauchlHaHi2011: biological control, economic importance, 26
- MauchlHiSt2012: biological control, economic importance, host, 29-33
- MayneGh1934: distribution, host, 3-38
- MazzeoSuRu2008: distribution, host, 149-152
- McDani1969: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 109-111
- McKenz1935: control, distribution, host, life history, 1-48
- McKenz1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 69-72
- Merkel1938: distribution, host, 88-99
- Merril1953: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 24
- MerrilCh1923: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 203-204
- MestreHaEv2011: distribution, host, 12
- MestreHoHa2015: distribution, host, 11
- MetcalMe1993: control, distribution, economic importance, host,
- Meurge2011: distribution, 81
- MifsudMaRu2014: distribution, host, 510
- MillarChMc2012: host, 497
- MilleHeCa2016: distribution, economic importance, host, 140
- MillerDa1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 302
- MillerDa2005: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 224-227
- MillerDe2018: history, 7
- Miyosh1926: distribution, host, 303-326
- Moghad2004: distribution, host, taxonomy, 15
- Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 34
- Moghad2021: key, 378
- MoghadWa2021: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 10, 131-132, 245
- MohammGh2008: distribution, 152
- Monte1930: distribution, host, 3-36
- Morale1988: distribution, host, taxonomy, 77-82
- Moreir1921b: distribution, host, 182
- MorseGrCl2005: molecular data, phylogeny, taxonomy, 79-94
- MorseNo2006: molecular biology, phylogeny, 338-349
- Moulto1931: distribution, host, 745
- MouradMeFa2001: distribution, host, 571-580
- MoutiaMa1947: distribution,
- Muraka1970: distribution, host, 74
- MyartsRuCo2016: economic importance, natural enemies, 81-89
- NagarkSa1990: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 553-542
- Nakaha1982: distribution, host, 42
- Nakaha1983: distribution, host, 11
- NassarStMa1972: chemical control, 26
- Newell1899: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 24-27
- Newste1910a: distribution, host, 68
- Newste1910c: distribution, host, 199
- Newste1911: distribution, host, 86
- Newste1914: distribution, host, 307
- Newste1917a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 266
- Newste1917b: distribution, host, 131
- NormarMoKr2014: distribution, host, 39
- NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, 22, S4, S6
- NoronhWoMe2023: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration,
- NourElRi1970: distribution, host, 123-127
- Nunez2008: distribution, economic importance, host, 324
- Nur1990b: life history, taxonomy, 196
- Otero1935: distribution, host, 1-26
- Pace1939: distribution, host, 664-665
- ParisPeZa2015: distribution, host, 87
- PeckHeLa1998: distribution, host, 219-237
- Pelliz1987: distribution, host, 122
- Pelliz2011: distribution, 312
- PellizChMi2015: distribution, 62,72
- PellizFo1996: distribution, host, 134
- PellizPoSe2011: distribution, host, 295
- Pelot1950: distribution, host, 17
- PeralL1968: biological control, 22-29
- PerezG2008: distribution, 214
- PerezGCa1987: distribution, host, 128
- PietriBiBa1961: chemical control, 21-46
- PietriBiCo1969: chemical control, 909-915
- PizarrAlBa2020: distribution, host, 27
- PolaszAbHu1999: biological control, distribution, host, 131-163
- Ponnam1999: chemical control, distribution, host, 445-451
- PrakasPa2015: distribution,
- PriesnHo1940: biological control, 58-70
- QinZhYu2018: ecology, natural enemies, 7
- Quedna1964b: biological control, 86-116
- Ramakr1919a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 17,19
- Ramakr1921a: catalog, distribution, host, 355,356
- Ramakr1930: distribution, host, taxonomy, 22,23
- Ramakr1938a: distribution, host, 341-351
- RamosPeKo2017: illustration, key, 8151
- RaoCh1950: taxonomy, 12,29
- RehmatAnKh2011: biological control, distribution, 274
- ReisMe1984: distribution, economic importance, host, 68-72
- Ritchi1928: distribution, host, 34-40
- RobbCoBe2001: control, distribution, host, taxonomy,
- Robins1917: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 30
- RodrigNaVa2019: distribution, host, 468
- RosenDe1979: biological control, distribution, host, 249-251,349-354,
- RossHaOk2012: phylogeny, taxonomy, 199
- RugmanAnMo2010: molecular data, phylogenetics, taxonomy, 30-38
- RugmanMoSt2009: economic importance, molecular data, taxonomy, 1948-1953
- RuizCa1944: distribution, taxonomy, 64
- Rungs1934: distribution, host,
- Russo1956: distribution, host, 181-190
- Saakya1954: distribution, economic importance, host,
- SaighiDoBi2005: distribution, host, 429-433
- SalamaHa1974: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 200-204
- SancheBe2010: distribution, host, 319
- Sander1904a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 56,59
- Sankar1980: biological control, distribution, host, 1-12
- Sasaki1935: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 864-865
- Schmut1957b: taxonomy, 148
- Schmut1959: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 48,71
- Schmut1969: distribution, host, 116
- Schmut1990a: distribution, host, 393
- Schmut1998: distribution, economic importance, host, 37
- Schmut2001: distribution, host, 339-345
- SchmutKlLu1957: distribution, economic importance, host, 477
- SchmutPiKl1978: distribution, economic importance, host, 330
- SchneiClWe2020: key, 70
- SchneiFiNo2019: key, taxonomy, 92
- SchneiOkNo2018: phylogenetics, phylogeny,
- Seabra1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 98
- Seabra1941: distribution, 8
- Seabra1942: distribution, 2
- ShiLi1991: distribution, host, 165
- SibbetVaFe2000: control, distribution, host,
- Signor1869: catalog, taxonomy, 860
- Signor1869b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 124-125
- Silves1929: distribution, host, 897-904
- Singh1964: distribution, economic importance, host, 213
- SismanUl2010: distribution, host, 219-224
- SpodekBeMe2014: distribution, host, illustration, 104,114,115,117
- Stalaz2021: distribution, host, 474
- Steine1987: control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, 1-7
- StevenBlTo1991: chemical control, distribution, host, life history, 84
- StevenMcBl1997: chemical control, 288-292
- StevenRe1999: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 345-354
- StevenToBl1994: biological control, chemical control, distribution, host, life history, 135-142
- StevenVaGo1997: distribution, host, 773-777
- StocksEv2017: host, 491
- StoetzDa1974: life history, taxonomy, 138-140
- StoetzDa1974a: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 505-507
- Strong1922: distribution, host, 775-780
- SuWa1988: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 279-288
- Sugimo1994: distribution, host, 115-121
- Suh2016: distribution, host, key, 323, 326-327
- Swirsk1976b: distribution, economic importance, host, 555-559
- SwirskAr1971: distribution, host, 12-15
- SwirskWyIz2002: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 103-104
- Takagi1969a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 78,101
- TakagiDe2011: host, 24
- Takaha1929: distribution, host, 80
- Takaha1929a: distribution, host, 431
- Takaha1932a: distribution, host, 105
- Takaha1936c: distribution, host, 118
- Takaha1939b: distribution, host, 269
- Takaha1941b: distribution, host, 219
- Takaha1942b: distribution, host, 47
- Takaha1942d: distribution, host, 358
- Takaha1953a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 10-13
- TakahaTa1956: distribution, host, 15
- Tang1984: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 47-48
- Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 91
- Targio1892: taxonomy, 81
- TawfikMo2002: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 267-273
- Teodor2018: distribution, history, 42
- Terezn1986: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 113-115
- Timber1924: biological control, distribution, host,
- TippinBe1970: distribution, host, 9
- TomkinWiTh2000: distribution, host, 211-215
- TrenchTo2014: distribution, 70
- Trjapi1989: biological control, 295
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S120
- UsmanPu1955: distribution, host, 48
- VanHarCoWi1990: distribution, host, 136
- VargasRo2008: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 163-171
- Varshn2002: distribution, host, 31
- Vayssi1913: distribution, host, 430
- Velasq1971: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 110-113
- VelasqRi1969: distribution, host, 195-208
- Verma2014: distribution, host, taxonomy, 51-57
- VermaDi2005: distribution, host, 423-426
- VeseyF1953: biological control, distribution, host, 405-413
- WadhiBa1964: distribution, economic importance, host, 227
- WadhiBa1964: distribution, host, 227-260
- WaltmaRaWi2016: distribution, 231
- WaltonKrSa2009: distribution, economic importance, host, 1-6
- WangSu1989: host, life history, 151-156
- WangSu1989: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 44-50
- Watson2001: list, 177
- Watson2021: distribution, 523
- WatsonKo2022a: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 484-485
- WeiScNo2021: key, 20
- Wester1918: distribution, economic importance, host, 5-57
- WhitinHoCo1998: control, distribution, economic importance, host, 211-215
- Willia1985a: catalog, taxonomy, 234
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 221, 225, 230
- WilliaBu1987: distribution, host, 95
- WilliaGr1990: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 563-578
- WilliaMa2009b: distribution, host, 119
- WilliaMe2007: distribution, host, 132
- WilliaWa1988: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 131-134
- Wilson1917: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 6,33
- Wilson1921: distribution, host, 20-34
- WolffCo1993a: distribution, host, 153
- WolffEfDa2018: distribution, host, natural enemies, 2-3, 4-5
- WongChCh1999: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25-26,66
- Woolle1990: biological control, 167-176
- WurmsChSt2021: diagnosis, host,
- Wysoki1977: distribution, host, 187-188
- Wysoki1997: distribution, economic importance, host, 805-811
- Yasar1995a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 89-90
- YokogaYa2009: genebank, molecular data, phylogeny, 57-66
- YustCe1956: distribution, host, 425-442
- Zagain1956: distribution, 85-90
- Zahrad1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 130-133
- Zahrad1972: distribution, host, 432
- Zahrad1977: distribution, taxonomy, 120
- Zahrad1990: description, distribution, host, 642-643
- Zahrad1990b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 104-106
- ZamudiCl2005: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 263
- ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 165
- ZchoriBePo2005: Cardinium, endosymbionts, 211-221
- Zimmer1948: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 361-362
- deVill2001c: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 191-194
- vanden1995: distribution, host, 1-4
