Valid Names Results
Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, 1881 (Coccidae: Ceroplastes)Nomenclatural History
- Ceroplastes vinsonii Signoret 1872a: 38. Type data: MAURITIUS: on Eriobotrya japonica. Syntypes, female, by subsequent designation junior synonym (discovered by BenDovMaGa2000, 424). Notes: Type material probably lost. No type material was found in MNHW, by Yair Ben-Dov and Daniele Matile-Ferrero, during a visit (December 1994) at the Vienna Museum of Natural History.
- Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock 1881a: 331. Type data: U.S.A.: Florida, Jacksonville, on Tangerine orange.. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (GimpelMiDa1974,44). Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name
- Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, 1881; Bodenheimer 1953a: 112. misspelling of species epithet Notes: Erroneous citation of Maskell as author
- Cerostegia floridensis (Comstock, 1881); De Lotto 1969b: 211. change of combination
- Paracerostegia floridensis (Comstock, 1881); Tang 1991: 306. change of combination
- Ceroplastes vinsoni Signoret, 1872; BenDov 1993: 59,60,535. misspelling of species epithet
- Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, 1881; Hodgson & Peronti 2012: 27. change of combination Notes: Gascardia was determined to be a junior synonym of Ceroplastes creating the combination Ceroplastes floridensis.
- Coccus floridensis Eimem, et al. 2022: 62. lapsus calami
- Ceroplastes floridiensis Comstock, 1881; Kakoti, et al. 2022: 7. misspelling of species epithet
Common Names
- cochonilha-cerosa CarvalAg1997
- donagit floridit BenDov1993
- escama de cera QuezadCoDi1972
- Florida wax scale BenDov1993 GimpelMiDa1974 HamonWi1984 SmithBeBr1997
- qenima floridit BenDov1993
- qenimat shaava floridit BenDov1993
- The Florida Ceroplastes Comsto1881a
- Florida-Schildlaus PerontKo2022
- kanli balsira PerontKo2022
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 71 | Genera: 170
- Acanthaceae
- Avicennia | QinGu1994
- Sanchezia oblonga | Ballou1926 | (= Sanchezia nobilis)
- Anacardiaceae
- Anacardium occidentale | Nakaha1983 Ramakr1919a Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989
- Mangifera indica | AvasthSh1986 Ballou1926 BenDov1970b BenDov1993 Cocker1899n Green1923b Hall1923 Hodgso1994a KondoKa1995 Mamet1943a CostaLPeWo2021
- Pistacia lentiscus | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924
- Pistacia terebinthus | BenDov1970 | (= Pistacia palaestina)
- Rhus coriaria | ElekciKa2021
- Schinus | Hall1922 Hall1924a
- Schinus molle | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924
- Schinus terebinthifolia | BenDov1970 Hall1923 | (= Schinus terebinthifolius)
- Annonaceae
- Annona cherimola | BenDov1970
- Annona muricata | Nakaha1983
- Annona squamosa | BenDov1970 Nakaha1983 Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989
- Uvaria rufa | Ballou1926
- Apocynaceae
- Carissa carandas | TaoWoCh1983
- Carissa macrocarpa | ArgovPoBa1987 BenDov1970 | (= Carissa grandiflora)
- Carissa spinarum | Varshn1992 | (= Carissa opaca)
- Cascabela thevetia | Ballou1926 BenDov1970b | (= Cascabela thevetia, Thevetia peruviana)
- Nerium | HodgsoHi1990 HodgsoHi1991
- Nerium oleander | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 UygunSeEr1998 Varshn1992 | (= Nerium indicum)
- Periploca graeca | BenDov1970
- Plumeria rubra | Ballou1926 BenDov1970
- Thevetia | Ballou1926
- Trachelospermum jasminoides | KawaiMaUm1971
- Aquifoliaceae
- Ilex canariensis | VieiraCaPi1983
- Ilex cornuta | GimpelMiDa1974
- Ilex crenata | GimpelMiDa1974
- Ilex perado | VieiraCaPi1983
- Ilex vomitoria | GimpelMiDa1974
- Araceae
- Philodendron | BenDov2012 Matile1978
- Typhonium divaricatum | WuWa2019
- Araliaceae
- Aralia | GimpelMiDa1974
- Hedera | Hempel1900a Moghad2013a
- Hedera canariensis | PerontSoGr2008 VieiraCaPi1983
- Hedera helix | ArgovPoBa1987 Balach1939 BenDov1970b Hall1923 UygunSeEr1998
- Hedera pastuchovii | Moghad2013a | (= Hedera pastuchowii)
- Heptapleurum actinophyllum | PerontSoGr2008 | (= Schefflera actinophylla)
- Plerandra | BenDov1970 | (= Dizygotheca)
- Schefflera | BenDov1970 Jansen1995 LongoMaPe1995 | (= Tupidanthus)
- Schefflera arboricola | PerontSoGr2008
- Arecaceae
- Cocos | JansenAl2023
- Phoenix | JansenAl2023
- Trachycarpus fortunei | WuWa2019
- Washingtonia filifera | BenDov1970
- Asparagaceae
- Dracaena | JansenAl2023
- Aspleniaceae
- Asplenium nidus | ArgovPoBa1987
- Asteraceae
- Artemisia annua | ElekciKa2021
- Artemisia dracunculus | ElekciKa2021
- Chrysanthemum indicum | BenDov1970
- Erigeron bonariensis | BenDov1970 | (= Erigeron crispus)
- Hieracium | Bodenh1924
- Psiadia altissima | Mamet1951
- Bignoniaceae
- Kigelia africana | BenDov1970 | (= Kigelia pinnata)
- Tecoma capensis | BenDov1970
- Tecoma stans | BenDov1970 | (= Stenolobium stans)
- Tecomaria capensis | BenDov1970
- Boraginaceae
- Cordia gerascanthus | Ballou1926
- Cordia myxa | BenDov1970
- Burseraceae
- Bursera simaruba | HamonWi1984
- Canarium album | WuWa2019
- Buxaceae
- Buxus sempervirens | Green1923b
- Cactaceae
- Epiphyllum | BenDov2012
- Calophyllaceae
- Calophyllum inophyllum | TaoWoCh1983
- Caryophyllaceae
- Dianthus caryophyllus | WuWa2019
- Casuarinaceae
- Casuarina | ShafeeYoKh1989
- Celastraceae
- Elaeodendron | Brimbl1956a WilliaWi1988
- Euonymus japonicus | BenDov1970
- Maytenus orbicularis | LincanHoCa2010 | (= Maytenus octogona)
- Combretaceae
- Terminalia arjuna | BenDov1970
- Terminalia buceras | Nakaha1983 | (= Bucida buceras)
- Convolvulaceae
- Convolvulus | BenDov1970
- Ipomoea mauritiana | Ballou1926 | (= Ipomoea tuberosa)
- Cucurbitaceae
- Cucurbita moschata | ArgovPoBa1987
- Cupressaceae
- Metasequoia glyptostroboides | Moghad2013a
- Cycadaceae
- Cycas circinalis | Ballou1926
- Cycas revoluta | Ballou1926 BenDov1970 Mamet1943a
- Ebenaceae
- Diospyros discolor | TaoWoCh1983
- Diospyros kaki | Ballou1926 DanzigKo1990 GimpelMiDa1974
- Elaeagnaceae
- Elaeagnus angustifolia | BenDov1970
- Elaeocarpaceae
- Ephedraceae
- Ephedra aphylla | BenDov1970 | (= Ephedra alte)
- Ericaceae
- Agauria salicifolia | Mamet1943a WilliaWi1988
- Arbutus andrachne | BenDov1970
- Arbutus unedo | BenDov1970
- Pernettya | GimpelMiDa1974
- Vaccinium | Ferris1950a GimpelMiDa1974
- Fabaceae
- Acacia farnesiana | BenDov1970
- Ceratonia siliqua | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924
- Cyamopsis | Ramakr1930
- Cyamopsis tetragonoloba | ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Cyamopsis psoraboides)
- Parkinsonia aculeata | Brimbl1956a
- Retama raetam | BenDov1970 | (= Retama roetam)
- Senna floribunda | ElekciKa2021
- Heliconiaceae
- Heliconia | Mosque1984
- Lauraceae
- Cinnamomum burmannii | WuWa2019
- Cinnamomum cassia | Ballou1926
- Cinnamomum japonicum | WuWa2019
- Cinnamomum pseudopedunculatum | KawaiMaUm1971
- Laurus azorica | VieiraCaPi1983
- Laurus nobilis | ArgovPoBa1987 Balach1933d Balach1933e Ballou1926 BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 UygunSeEr1998
- Lindera benzoin | GimpelMiDa1974
- Lindera megaphylla | WuWa2019
- Machilus | TaoWoCh1983
- Persea americana | Ballou1926 BenDov1970b Nakaha1983 | (= Persea gratissima)
- Persea borbonia | GimpelMiDa1974
- Loganiaceae
- Strychnos spinosa | BenDov1970
- Lythraceae
- Lagerstroemia indica | Ballou1926 Mamet1943a PerontSoGr2008 WilliaWi1988
- Punica granatum | Ballou1926 BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 Hall1923
- Magnoliaceae
- Magnolia | Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Michelia)
- Magnolia champaca | Matile1978 | (= Michelia champaca)
- Malpighiaceae
- Byrsonima | Ballou1926
- Hiptage | Green1904a
- Malpighia glabra | Ballou1926
- Malvaceae
- Abelmoschus esculentus | Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Hibiscus esculenta)
- Theobroma cacao | Conway1951
- Meliaceae
- Melia azedarach | Schmut1998 BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 | (= Azadirachta indica),
- Moraceae
- Artocarpus | Beards1966 BenDov1970
- Artocarpus altilis | Ballou1926 | (= Artocarpus incisa)
- Ficus | Bodenh1924 Hempel1900a Nakaha1983 Ramakr1930
- Ficus benghalensis | BenDov1970 Bodenh1926
- Ficus benjamina | Ballou1926 Moghad2013a | (= Ficus nitida)
- Ficus carica | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 ShafeeYoKh1989
- Ficus lacor | ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Ficus infectoria)
- Ficus laurifolia | Cocker1899n
- Ficus maxima | Cocker1899n
- Ficus microcarpa | PellizPoSe2011
- Ficus obliqua | BenDov1970
- Ficus racemosa | Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Ficus glomerata)
- Ficus religiosa | Ballou1926
- Ficus retusa | BenDov1970b
- Ficus rubiginosa | BenDov2012
- Ficus sycomorus | BenDov1970
- Morus | Hall1922 Hall1924a
- Morus alba | BenDov1970 Hall1922
- Treculia africana | Mamet1951 | (= Treculia perrieri)
- Musaceae
- Musa | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 Nakaha1983
- Myrtaceae
- Acca sellowiana | BenDov1970
- Calyptranthes kiaerskovii | MalumpBaCo2019
- Eugenia | HamonWi1984
- Eugenia axillaris | Ballou1926
- Eugenia macrocarpa | PerontSoGr2008 | (= Eugenia americana)
- Feijoa sellowiana | BenDov1970
- Melaleuca | QinGu1994
- Melaleuca armillaris | BenDov1970
- Melaleuca leucadendra | Brimbl1956a
- Melaleuca phoenicea | BenDov1970 | (= Callistemon phoeniceus)
- Melaleuca quinquenervia | QinGu1994
- Melaleuca viridiflora | Brimbl1956a QinGu1994
- Metrosideros boninensis | KawaiMaUm1971
- Myrciaria dubia | WolffKoPe2016
- Myrtus | Bodenh1924
- Myrtus communis | ArgovPoBa1987 BenDov1970 SengonUyKa1998 UygunSeEr1998
- Psidium | VieiraCaPi1983
- Psidium cattleyanum | VieiraCaPi1983 | (= Psidium littorale)
- Psidium guajava | Ballou1926 BenDov1970b Cocker1899n GimpelMiDa1974 Green1909a Green1937 Hall1922 Hall1923 Hall1924a Mamet1943a Mamet1951 Nakaha1983 ShafeeYoKh1989 | (= Psidium pomiferum)
- Rhodomyrtus tomentosa | GimpelMiDa1974
- Syzygium aqueum | Ballou1926
- Syzygium aromaticum | VidyasKoDe1989 | (= Eugenia caryophyllus)
- Syzygium cumini | BenDov1970 GimpelMiDa1974 | (= Eugenia jambolana)
- Syzygium jambos | Ballou1926 | (= Eugenia jambos, Eugenia malaccensis)
- Syzygium oleosum | QinGu1994 | (= Eugenia cyanocarpa)
- Nephrolepidaceae
- Nephrolepis cordifolia | Mamet1943a WilliaWi1988
- Nephrolepis davallioides | Ballou1926
- Nephrolepis exaltata | BenDov1970
- Oleaceae
- Ligustrum micranthum | KawaiMaUm1971
- Osmanthus fragrans | WuWa2019
- Pentaphylacaceae
- Ternstroemia japonica | TaoWoCh1983
- Phyllanthaceae
- Antidesma bunius | BenDov1970
- Phyllanthus | Hall1922 Hall1924a
- Pinaceae
- Cedrus | Moghad2013a
- Cedrus libani | UnalAyKa2016
- Pinus | Bodenh1924
- Pinus elliottii | HamonWi1984
- Pinus halepensis | BenDov1993
- Pinus taeda | Brimbl1956a QinGu1994
- Tsuga canadensis | HamonWi1984
- Pittosporaceae
- Pittosporum boninense | KawaiMaUm1971 | (= Pittosporum chichijimense)
- Pittosporum tobira | Ballou1926
- Pittosporum undulatum | BenDov1970
- Plantaginaceae
- Russelia equisetiformis | BenDov1970
- Platanaceae
- Platanus | GimpelMiDa1974
- Polygonaceae
- Antigonon leptopus | Ballou1926
- Coccoloba diversifolia | HamonWi1984
- Fallopia baldschuanica | BenDov1970 | (= Polygonum baldschuanicum)
- Fallopia convolvulus | Ballou1926 | (= Polygonum convolvulus)
- Primulaceae
- Ardisia sieboldii | KawaiMaUm1971
- Maesa japonica | TaoWoCh1983
- Myrsine africana | BenDov1970b Ferris1950a
- Rhamnaceae
- Rhamnus alaternus | BenDov1970
- Ziziphus jujuba | SunQiLi1989
- Rosaceae
- Cotoneaster pannosus | BenDov1970 | (= Cotoneaster pannosa)
- Crataegus azarolus | BenDov1970
- Cydonia oblonga | Ballou1926 BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 Hall1923 | (= Cydonia vulgaris, Pyrus cydonia)
- Eriobotrya | HodgsoHi1990 HodgsoHi1991
- Eriobotrya japonica | Ballou1926 BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 Hall1922 Mamet1943a Signor1872b
- Malus domestica | Bodenh1924 Hall1923 | (= Pyrus malus)
- Malus pumila | WuWa2019
- Malus sylvestris | BenDov1970
- Prunus amygdalus | BenDov1970 | (= Amygdalus communis)
- Prunus armeniaca | BenDov1970
- Prunus domestica | PerontSoGr2008
- Prunus dulcis | BenDov1970
- Prunus persica | BenDov1970 Bodenh1924 Hall1923 | (= Persica vulgaris)
- Prunus salicina | GimpelMiDa1974
- Pyrus communis | BenDov1970 Hall1923
- Rhaphiolepis indica | ArgovPoBa1987 Balach1930 BenDov1970b KawaiMaUm1971 VieiraCaPi1983 | (= Rhaphiolepis integerrima, Rhaphiolepis ovata, Raphiolepis umbellata)
- Rubiaceae
- Coffea arabica | BenDov1970
- Coffea canephora | Hodgso1994a | (= Coffea robusta)
- Gardenia jasminoides | Ballou1926 GimpelMiDa1974 | (= Gardenia florida)
- Ixora | Hodgso1994a Nakaha1983 ShafeeYoKh1989
- Ixora coccinea | Ballou1926 | (= Ixora bandhuca, Ixora lutea)
- Psychotria boninensis | KawaiMaUm1971
- Psychotria glabrata | Ballou1926 | (= Psychotria laurifolia)
- Rutaceae
- Casimiroa edulis | BenDov1970
- Citropsis articulata | Ballou1926 | (= Citropsis schweinfurthii)
- Citrus | Argyri1983 ArgyriKo1980a Ballou1926 BenDov1970b Bodenh1924 CarvalAg1997 DeLott1965a DeLott1969b EzzatHu1969 Green1896 Hall1922 Hempel1900a Hodgso1994a HodgsoHi1991 Mamet1951 MarinLCi1996 MarinLCi1996a Nakaha1983 PerontSoGr2008 PodoleDrRo1981 QuezadCoDi1972 ShafeeYoKh1989 SmithBeBr1997 UygunSeEr1998
- Citrus aurantiifolia | Nakaha1983
- Citrus aurantium | ArgovPoBa1987 Ballou1926 Bodenh1924 Bodenh1926
- Citrus australis | Ballou1926 | (= Microcitrus australis)
- Citrus hystrix | Ballou1926 Matile1978 | (= Citrus histrix)
- Citrus limon | Bodenh1924
- Citrus maxima | Ballou1926 | (= Citrus grandis)
- Citrus medica | GimpelMiDa1974
- Citrus microcarpa | GimpelMiDa1974 Jansen1995 LongoMaPe1995 | (= Citrus mitis)
- Citrus paradisi | BenDov1970b
- Citrus reticulata | BenDov2012 | (= Citrus deliciosa)
- Citrus sinensis | Ballou1926 Cocker1899n Hall1924a QinGu1994
- Citrus trifoliata | Ballou1926 TaoWoCh1983 | (= Poncirus trifoliata)
- Murraya paniculata | WuWa2019 | (= Murraya exotica)
- Naringi crenulata | Ballou1926 | (= Hesperethusa crenulata)
- Rutaceae | DanzigKo1990
- Zanthoxylum fagara | Ballou1926 LincanHoCa2010 | (= Fagara fagara)
- Salicaceae
- Populus deltoides | BenDov1970
- Salix | BenDov1970b Ferris1950a
- Santalaceae
- Santalum boninense | KawaiMaUm1971
- Sapindaceae
- Cupania juglandifolia | Ballou1926 | (= Cupania cubensis)
- Dimocarpus longan | WuWa2019
- Dodonaea viscosa | BenDov1970
- Filicium | Jansen1995 LongoMaPe1995
- Koelreuteria paniculata | ElekciKa2021
- Melicoccus bijugatus | Nakaha1983
- Nephelium lappaceum | BenDov1970
- Sapotaceae
- Chrysophyllum cainito | Ballou1926 BenDov1970
- Manilkara zapota | Ballou1926 BenDov1970 Nakaha1983 | (= Achras sapota, Lucuma mammosa)
- Pouteria campechiana | Ballou1926 | (= Lucuma nervosa)
- Sarraceniaceae
- Sarracenia minor | GimpelMiDa1974
- Schizaeaceae
- Actinostachys digitata | KawaiMaUm1971 | (= Actinostachys boninensis)
- Sciodaphyllum
- Sciodaphyllum | Hall1923 | (= Sciadophyllum)
- Scrophulariaceae
- Eremophila debilis | Brimbl1956a QinGu1994 | (= Myoporum diffusum)
- Myoporum laetum | ArgovPoBa1987 BenDov1970b | (= Myoporum lactum)
- Myoporum tenuifolium | BenDov1970 | (= Myoporum acuminatum)
- Solanaceae
- Brunfelsia nitida | Ballou1926
- Cestrum diurnum | Ballou1926
- Solanum villosum | BenDov1970
- Strelitziaceae
- Ravenala madagascariensis | Ballou1926
- Tamaricaceae
- Myricaria | CouturQuGo1997
- Tamarix | Ramakr1930
- Tamarix dioica | Varshn1992
- Tamarix gallica | Varshn1992
- Theaceae
- Camellia sinensis | Green1896 Green1900c Green1909a Green1937 ShafeeYoKh1989 TaoWoCh1983
- Schima mertensiana | KawaiMaUm1971
- Schima superba | TaoWoCh1983
- Urticaceae
- Boehmeria densiflora | KawaiMaUm1971 | (= Boehmeria boninensis)
- Verbenaceae
- Aloysia citrodora | Ballou1926
- Duranta erecta | BenDov1970 | (= Duranta repens)
- Zamiaceae
- Encephalartos | VieiraCaPi1983
Foes:
Families: 12 | Genera: 26
- Aphelinidae
- Coccophagus caridei | MarinLCi1996
- Coccophagus ceroplastae | CABI2019
- Coccophagus hawaiiensis | CABI2019
- Coccophagus lycimnia | SengonUyKa1998
- Coccophagus rusti | MarinLCi1996
- Coccophagus scutellaris | AbdRab2002b
- Encarsia | MarinLCi1996
- Encarsia citrina | CABI2019
- Marietta picta | AboKafMoAl2020
- Blastobasidae
- Blastobasis lecaniella | CABI2019
- Cheyletidae
- Cheletogenes ornatus | CABI2019
- Coccinellidae
- Chilocorus bipustulatus | PerontKo2022
- Chilocorus renipustulatus | CABI2019
- Cryptolaemus montrouzieri | CABI2019
- Cybocephalidae
- Cybocephalus micans | CABI2019
- Encyrtidae
- Anicetus beneficus | CABI2019
- Anicetus ceroplastis | CABI2019
- Anicetus quintanai | MarinLCi1996
- Cheiloneurus gahani | MarinLCi1996
- Copidosoma | PerezFe2024
- Diaphorencyrtus | PerezFe2024
- Diversinervus elegans | CABI2019
- Metaphycus ceroplastis | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus claviger | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus eruptor | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus flavus | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus floridensis | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus fusiscapus | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus helvolus | PerezFe2024
- Metaphycus lounsburyi | TavareSaDa2019
- Metaphycus marensis | PerezFe2024
- Metaphycus zebratus | TavareSaDa2019
- Microterys clauseni | CABI2019
- Microterys flavus | CABI2019
- Microterys nietneri | AboKafMoAl2020 BasheeAsRa2014 MyartsRu2011 RugmanFoGu2010 SengonUyKa1998
- Microterys speciosus | CABI2019
- Psyllaephagus | AboKafMoAl2020
- Eulophidae
- Aprostocetus ceroplastae | Blumbe1997
- Aprostocetus toddaliae | SengonUyKa1998
- Chrysocharis flacilla | PerezFe2024
- Chrysocharis pentheus | PerezFe2024
- Tetrastichus | Blumbe1997 MarinLCi1996
- Miturgidae
- Cheiracanthium mildei | CABI2019
- Noctuidae
- Coccidiphaga scitula | Talhou1973
- Phytoseiidae
- Metaseiulus occidentalis | CABI2019
- Pteromalidae
- Cephaleta | CABI2019
- Moranila californica | CABI2019
- Scutellista caerulea | BadaryAb2011 Bartle1978 MarinLCi1996 | (= Scutellista cyanea)
- Pyralidae
- Baphala homoeosomella | CABI2019 | (=Vitula taboga, =Vitula bodkin)
Associates:
Families: 2 | Genera: 2
- Formicidae
- Azteca | PerezFe2024
- Ophiocordycipitaceae
- Ophiocordycipitaceae | DengYuWa2021
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 101
- Andaman Islands | CABI2019
- Antigua and Barbuda | CABI2019 Cocker1895u
- Australia | DanzigKo1990 Frogga1915 Mamet1943a
- New South Wales | QinGu1994
- Queensland | Brimbl1956a QinGu1994 SmithBeBr1997
- Azores | CarvalFrAg1996
- Bahamas | CABI2019
- Bangladesh | CABI2019
- Barbados | CABI2019
- Belize | CABI2019
- Bermuda | HodgsoHi1990 HodgsoHi1991
- Bonin Islands (=Ogasawara-Gunto) | Kawai1987 Mamet1943a
- Brazil | DanzigKo1990 Mamet1943a
- Bahia | CostaLPeWo2021
- Espirito Santo | CulikMaVe2007
- Minas Gerais | CABI2019
- Rio Grande do Sul | BenDov1993
- Rio de Janeiro | AlmeidPeMa2018
- Sao Paulo | PerontSoGr2008
- British Virgin Islands | CABI2019
- Brunei | CABI2019
- Canary Islands | HodgsoPe2012
- Cayman Islands | CABI2019
- China | BenDov1970b Ferris1950a
- Aomen (=Macau) | CABI2019
- Fujian (=Fukien) | WuWa2019
- Guangdong (=Kwangtung) | WuWa2019
- Guangxi (=Kwangsi) | WuWa2019
- Guizhou (=Kweichow) | CABI2019
- Hebei (=Hopei) | CABI2019
- Hunan | HuHeWa1992
- Jiangsu (=Kiangsu) | CABI2019
- Sichuan (=Szechwan) | WuWa2019
- Tianjin (=Tientsin) | WuWa2019
- Xianggang (=Hong Kong) | Hodgso1994a
- Yunnan | WuWa2019
- Zhejiang (=Chekiang) | CABI2019
- Colombia | Kondo2001 Kondo2008a KondoKa1995
- Comoros | BenDov1993
- Costa Rica | CABI2019
- Crete | PellizPoSe2011
- Cuba | Ballou1926 MestreHaEv2011
- Curaçao | HamonWi1984
- Cyprus | SismanUl2010
- Dominica | CABI2019
- Dominican Republic | CABI2019
- Ecuador | HamonWi1984
- Egypt | ArgovPoBa1987 EzzatHu1969 Hall1922 Hall1923 Hall1924a Mamet1943a
- El Salvador | QuezadCoDi1972
- Federated States of Micronesia | CABI2019
- France | Balach1930 Balach1933d Balach1933e Balach1939 FoldiGe2018 Mamet1943a
- Galapagos Islands | CaustoPeSi2006 LincanHoCa2010
- Georgia (Republic of) | CABI2019
- Greece | ArgovPoBa1987 Argyri1983 ArgyriKo1980a
- Grenada | CABI2019
- Guadeloupe | MatileEt2006
- Guam | CABI2019
- Guatemala | LongoMaPe1995 Willia2010
- Guiana | VayssiGoDe2017
- Guyana (=British Guiana) | Newste1914
- Haiti | PerezG2008
- Hawaiian Islands
- Hawaii | DanzigKo1990 Frogga1915 Kirkal1902 Kirkal1904 Mamet1943a
- Honduras | LongoMaPe1995
- India | Frogga1915 Green1900c Hodgso1994a Mamet1943a Ramakr1919a Ramakr1930 ShafeeYoKh1989
- Assam | CABI2019
- Bihar | Mohamm1963
- Karnataka | CABI2019
- Kerala | VidyasKoDe1989
- Maharashtra | CABI2019
- Odisha (=Orissa) | CABI2019
- Tamil Nadu | CABI2019
- Uttar Pradesh | AvasthSh1986
- West Bengal | Varshn1992
- Indonesia
- Irian Jaya | BenDov1993
- Java | Green1904a Mamet1943a
- Sulawesi (=Celebes) | CABI2019
- Iran | Kaussa1957 KozarFoZa1996 Moghad2009
- Israel | ArgovPoBa1987 BenDov1969 BenDov1970 BenDov1971 Bodenh1924 PodoleDrRo1981
- Italy | LongoMaPe1995
- Jamaica | Kirkal1902
- Japan | Frogga1915 Kuwana1917 Mamet1943a
- Jordan | BenDov2006a
- Kenya | Schmut1998
- Laos |
- Lebanon | ArgovPoBa1987 Bodenh1926
- Libya | ArgovPoBa1987
- Madagascar | Mamet1951
- Madeira Islands | CarvalAg1997 CarvalFrAg1996 Green1923b
- Malaysia | CABI2019
- Sabah | Conway1951
- Sabah | CABI2019
- Sarawak | CABI2019
- Malta | FetykoKo2012 MifsudMaRu2014
- Martinique | CABI2019
- Mauritius | Cocker1894t Green1907 Green1908a Mamet1943a
- Mexico | Cocker1899n DanzigKo1990
- Yucatan |
- Montserrat | HamonWi1984
- Mozambique | CABI2019
- Netherlands | Jansen1995
- Netherlands Antilles | CABI2019
- New Caledonia | CABI2019
- Nicaragua | HamonWi1984
- Nicobar Islands | CABI2019
- Northern Mariana Islands | CABI2019
- Oman | Hodgso1994a
- Pakistan | CABI2019 Varshn1992
- Palau | Mamet1943a
- Panama | CABI1982
- Peru | CouturQuGo1997 MarinLCi1996a
- Portugal | CABI2019
- Puerto Rico & Vieques Island
- Puerto Rico | Martor1976 NakahaMi1981
- Reunion | BenDov1993 BenDovMaGa2000 Cocker1894t GermaiMiPa2014 Green1907 Green1908a Mamet1943a
- Ryukyu Islands (=Nansei Shoto) | KinjoNaHi1996
- Saint Croix | Beatty1944
- Saint Kitts and Nevis Islands | CABI2019
- Saint Lucia | Malump2012b
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | CABI2019
- Saudi Arabia | Beccar1971 Hodgso1994a
- Seychelles | DanzigKo1990 Green1907
- Sierra Leone | CABI2019
- South Africa | CABI2019
- South Korea | CABI2019
- Sri Lanka | Green1896 Green1899b Green1900c Green1909a Green1937 Mamet1943a
- Sudan | HodgsoPe2012
- Syria | AboKafMoAl2020 Bodenh1926
- Taiwan | Mamet1943a WongChCh1999
- Tanzania | DeLott1965a Green1916a Mamet1943a
- Trinidad and Tobago | CABI2019 HamonWi1984
- Tunisia | FetykoKo2012 JendouSuRu2012
- Turkey | ArgovPoBa1987 KaydanUlEr2007 SengonUyKa1998 Tuncyu1970a UygunSeEr1998
- U.S. Virgin Islands | BenDov1993
- Uganda | CABI2019
- United States
- Alabama | CABI2019
- District of Columbia | BenDov1993
- Florida | BenDov1970b Comsto1881a DeLott1969b HamonWi1984
- Georgia | BenDov1993
- Louisiana | BenDov1993
- Maryland | BenDov1993
- Mississippi | BenDov1993
- Missouri | CABI2019
- New Jersey | Koszta1996
- New Mexico | BenDov1993
- New York | BenDov1993
- North Carolina | BenDov1993
- Pennsylvania | Stimme1998
- South Carolina | BenDov1993
- Tennessee | BenDov1993
- Texas | BenDov1993
- Virginia | BenDov1993
- Washington | CABI2019
- Venezuela | CABI2019
- Vietnam | DanzigKo1990
- Zanzibar | CABI2019
Keys
- JoshiBhPo2021: pp.568 ( Adult (F) ) [Indian species of Ceroplastes]
- MoghadNe2021: pp.177 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes in Iran]
- PapadoKaMa2020: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes in Greece]
- WuWa2019: pp.521 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes in China]
- ChoiSoLe2018: pp.6-7 ( Adult (F) ) [Coccidae in Laos]
- WolffKoPe2016: pp.275-276 ( Adult (F) ) [Species recorded on Myrciaria dubia in Brazil]
- MohammMo2013: pp.146-148 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species and subspecies of family coccidae in Egypt]
- FetykoKo2012: pp.293 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Ceroplastes in the Palaearctic Region based on slide-mounted adult females]
- PerontSoGr2008: pp.142-144 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes species of São Paulo, Brazil]
- Hodges2002b: pp.208 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes species of Florida]
- MoriPeTo2001: pp.42 ( Adult (F) ) [Italy]
- Koszta1996: pp.325 ( Adult (F) ) [Northeastern North America]
- MarinLCi1995: pp.52 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes in Peru]
- PellizCa1994: pp.177 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceroplastes species of Mediterranean]
- Tang1991: pp.304 ( Adult (F) ) [China]
- WilliaWa1990: pp.65 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific]
- HamonWi1984: pp.18 ( Adult (F) ) [USA, Florida]
- TaoWoCh1983: pp.93 ( Adult (F) ) [Taiwan]
- Kawai1980: pp.166 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
- GimpelMiDa1974: pp.19 ( Adult (F) ) [USA]
- WilliaKo1972: pp.36 ( Adult (F) ) [USA, Virginia]
- EzzatHu1969: pp.371 ( Adult (F) ) [Egypt]
- Beards1966: pp.480 ( Adult (F) ) [Beardsley]
- Borchs1957: pp.451 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic region]
- Green1909a: pp.277 ( Adult (F) ) [Ceylon]
- Cocker1895: pp.8 ( Adult (F) ) [West Indies]
Remarks
- Systematics: GenBank Accessions JQ795609-JQ795722. 28S DNA sequences: GenBank Accessions JQ795495-JQ795608. Subfamily: Ceroplasinae (Choi & Lee, 2019) Green (1937) suggested that Ceroplastes vinsonii Signoret, 1872 was very likely identical with C. floridensis, but since no type material was available, he could not verify the synonymy. Ben-Dov (1993) concluded that for the sake of stability, it was advisable to retain C. vinsonii, which antedated C. floridensis, as a valid, but unrecognizable species. Ben-Dov et al. (2000) concluded that C. vinsonii should be regarded a Nomen Oblitum and synonymized it with C. floridensis. C. floridensis is unique in having the ventral tubular ducts in a very distinct, rather narrow, submarginal band extending from near each antenna to near each anal lobe, each duct with a short, very swollen inner ductule. There was some variation in the material studied and some specimens had: (i) more than 2 pairs of interantennal setae; (ii) a reticulate pattern on the sclerotized area of the anal plate, and (iii) loculate microducts densest in a submarginal band. C. floridensis is quite close to C. japonicus Green which also has a submarginal band of similar tubular ducts extending part way around the submargin, bullet-shaped stigmatic setae, many marginal setae, and multilocular disc-pores associated with each coxa, but the latter differs in having the stigmatic setae continuous between the clefts on each side, not separated by a length of margin with just marginal setae. (Hodgson & Peronti, 2012) Deng, et al. (2012) determined DNA COI barcoding sequences for six Chinese Ceroplastes species. Ceroplastes floridensis generated a distinct COI sequence.
- Structure: Colour photograph of adult female by Kawai (1980, Fig. 6.57), Hodgson (1994a), Carvalho & Aguiar (1997), Wong et al. (1999) and by Peronti et al. (2008). Body coverd with thick white wax without a distinct dorsal horn at maturity. (Choi, et al., 2018) C. floridensis and C. japonicus both lack well-defined wax plates and visible lateral nuclei; in young females the wet wax is nearly flat, whereas older specimens in lateral view are hemispherical. Old adult females have large marginal flanges and the wax plate nuclei are located slightly off-center. These species are commonly confused and can only be separated reliably in microscope slide mounts. Slide-mounted adult female body broadly oval and convex, 1.5–4.0 mm long; dorsal cuticle membranous except for heavily sclerotized caudal process. Caudal process about 300–550 μm long. Derm with 7 clear areas, medio-dorsal area absent; each clear area without simple pores or setae, except cephalic area. (Peronti & Kondo 2022)
- Biology: Balachowsky (1933d) studied and described the biology in southern France. Bodenheimer (1951b) discussed the biology and economic importance. Develops two annual generations on Citrus, in Israel (Ben-Dov, 1976d; Podoler et al., 1981), and in Greece (Argyriou & Kourmadas, 1980). Two generations per year develop in Queensland, Australia (Smith et al, 1997). Methods for laboratory rearing given by Ben-Dov (1970a). Population dynamics on Citrus in Israel studied by Podoler et al. (1981) and by Schneider et al. (1987a, 1987b). Yardeni (1987) and Yardeni & Rosen (1990) studied the wind dispersal of crawlers.
- Economic Importance: A major citrus pest in Israel (Bodenheimer, 1951b; Ben-Dov, 1976d). A pest of many ornamentals in U.S.A. (Gimpel et al., 1974). Peleg & Gothilf (1981) and Eisa et al. (1990) studied the adverse effects of several IGR's on this pest. Peleg (1987) reported on resistance to commercial formulation of carabaryl in Israel. Yardeni and Shapira (1995) proposed and applied a control method of the scale by thinning its population using a nutritional spray of 4% potassium nitrate with 2% spray oil.
- General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by De Lotto (1969b), Ezzat & Hussein (1969), Ben-Dov (1970b), Williams & Kosztarab (1972), Gimpel et al. (1974), Tao et al. (1983), Hamon & Williams (1984), Williams & Watson (1990), Tang (1991), Hodgson (1994a), Kosztarab (1996) and by Peronti et al. (2008).
Illustrations
Citations
- AbdRab2002b: biological control, distribution, host, 39-44
- AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 28
- AboKafMoAl2020: distribution, natural enemies,
- AbouEl2001: biological control, distribution, host, 185-195
- Ali1971: distribution, host, 16-17
- AlmeidPeMa2018: distribution, host, 355
- Amitai1969: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 89-95
- ArgovPoBa1987: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 277-285
- ArgovRo1988: biological control, 303-314
- ArgovScRo1992: biological control, distribution, host, 21-31
- Argyri1983: distribution, host, 365
- ArgyriKo1980a: distribution, economic importance, host, 705-707
- AvasthSh1986: distribution, host, 334
- AvidovRoGe1963: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 205-212
- BadaryAb2011: biological control, distribution, host, 50-51
- Balach1926: economic importance, taxonomy, 4
- Balach1930: distribution, host, 180
- Balach1932d: taxonomy, 100,104,116,117
- Balach1933d: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 80-84
- Balach1933e: distribution, host, 5
- Balach1939: distribution, host, 258
- Ballou1926: catalog, distribution, host, 14-15
- Bartle1978: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 59-60
- BasheeJa1964: distribution, economic importance, host, 261-266
- BasuNaCh1969: distribution, economic importance, host, 169-178
- Beards1966: distribution, host, taxonomy, 480-481
- Beatti1993: taxonomy, 1-19
- Beatty1944: distribution, host, 114-172
- Beccar1971: distribution, host, 194
- BenDov1970: biological control, distribution, host, 84-87
- BenDov1970b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 273-277
- BenDov1970c: biological control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 1-86
- BenDov1971: distribution, host, 25-26
- BenDov1972a: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 17-34
- BenDov1976d: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 3-7
- BenDov1993: catalog, 34-36,59-60
- BenDov2006a: distribution, host, 206
- BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 24, 44
- BenDovMaGa2000: distribution, host, taxonomy, 423-424
- Berger1932: biological control, distribution, host, 131-136
- Blumbe1997: biological control, ecology, 225-236
- Bodenh1924: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 64-65
- Bodenh1926: distribution, host, 44
- Bodenh1935: distribution, host, 249
- Bodenh1937: biological control, life history, 219
- Bodenh1951a: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 364-381
- Bodenh1953a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 112
- Bolu2012: biological control, 109
- Borchs1950b: distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 155
- Borchs1957: distribution, host, taxonomy, 459-461
- Bordag1914: distribution, host,
- Boyce1948: control, distribution, economic importance, host,
- Brimbl1956a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 163-164
- CABI2019: distribution,
- CamachCh2015: distribution, host, life history, natural enemies, 4, 6, 11, 14
- CamporPe1994: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 182-185
- CarvalAg1997: biological control, chemical control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 168-170
- CarvalFrAg1996: distribution, economic importance, host, 614
- Castel1951a: biological control, 95-98
- CaustoPeSi2006: distribution, 137
- CaveRe1996: distribution, host, 5
- CebeciSe2004: distribution, host, 208
- Charmo1898a: distribution, host, 66
- ChoiLe2019: phylogeny, taxonomy, wax secretion, 402, 404
- ChoiSoLe2018: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, 16-17
- Cocker1893j: distribution, 254
- Cocker1894d: taxonomy, 311
- Cocker1894t: distribution, 178
- Cocker1895: distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 5,8
- Cocker1895u: distribution, host, 727
- Cocker1896b: distribution, 331
- Cocker1899n: distribution, host, 17
- Cocker1902p: distribution, 253
- Cohen1969: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 769-772
- Cohen1975: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 38-41
- Comsto1881a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 331-332
- Conway1951: distribution, economic importance, host,
- CorseuBa1971: distribution, host, 237
- CostaLPeWo2021: distribution, host, illustration,
- CouturQuGo1997: distribution, host, 126
- CulikMaVe2007: distribution, host, 1-5
- Danzig1972: distribution, host, 199
- DanzigKo1990: distribution, host, 43
- DavoodTaRa2004a: biological control, 887-899
- DeLott1965a: distribution, host, 185
- DeLott1969b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 211-213
- Delucc1975: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host,
- DengYuWa2021: illustration, symbionts, 4
- DengYuZh2012: distribution, molecular data, taxonomy, 791-796
- EisaElEl1990: chemical control, life history, 49-55
- ElekciKa2021: distribution, host, 7
- ElekciSe2007: biological control, distribution, host, 29-34
- ElimemJeLa2022: distribution, host, illustration, natural enemies,
- ElliotOhWy1998: distribution, economic importance, host,
- EzzatFa1980: description, taxonomy, 25
- EzzatHu1969: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 381-383
- EzzatNa1987: distribution, 86
- Fernal1903b: 152,158
- Ferris1950a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 75,91
- FetykoKo2012: distribution, taxonomy, 292-295
- Foldi2000: distribution, host, 81
- FoldiGe2018: distribution, 8
- FrancoRuMa2011: distribution, 4,22
- Frogga1915: distribution, host, taxonomy, 422
- Georgh1977: distribution, host, 148
- GermaiMiPa2014: distribution, 22
- GillKo1997: distribution, economic importance, host, 161-163
- GimpelMiDa1974: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 44-49
- GithaeOnNd2021: distribution, host, 81
- GomesC1949: distribution, host,
- GomezPBaLa2017: symbiont,
- Gothil1962: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 1-14
- GothilBe1970: distribution, host, life history, 93-99
- Green1896: distribution, host, 8
- Green1899b: description, taxonomy, 191
- Green1900c: distribution, host, 8
- Green1904a: distribution, host, 207
- Green1907: distribution, host, 200
- Green1908a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 33
- Green1909a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 277
- Green1916a: distribution, host, 375
- Green1923b: distribution, host, 88
- Green1937: catalog, distribution, host, 311
- GugliuMaMa2019: distribution, host, list, 4, 7
- HabibSaAm1971: distribution, host, life history, 318-330
- Hall1922: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 17
- Hall1923: distribution, host, 38
- Hall1924a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 6-7
- HamonWi1984: description, distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 27-28
- HarpazRo1971: biological control, economic importance, 458-468
- Helmy1992: chemical control, distribution, host, 809-816
- HelmyGiAb1984: chemical control, 1125-1132
- Hempel1900a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 462
- HernanNiMa2011: host, 379-380
- Hodges2001: distribution, host, life history, 1-122
- Hodges2002b: distribution, taxonomy, 208
- HodgesRuBr2000: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 23-31
- HodgesRuBr2003: distribution, ecology, economic importance, host, life history, 3-12
- Hodgso1994a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 419-422
- HodgsoHi1990: distribution, host, 6,9,15
- HodgsoHi1991: distribution, host, 136
- HodgsoPe2012: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 61-64,241
- HouWeZh2023: phylogeny, 343, 344, 346
- HuHeWa1992: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 183
- IsmailElSo2004: chemical control, 175-179
- Jansen1995: distribution, host, 133, 141
- JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 23,32
- JaposhBaKi2020: distribution, host, 62
- JendouSuRu2012: distribution, host,
- JohnsoLy1988: distribution, economic importance, host,
- JoshiBhPo2021: key, 568
- KakotiDeRo2022: distribution, host, list, 7
- KansuUy1979: biological control, distribution, host, 565-567
- KaracaErYa2005: biological control, distribution, host, 372-377
- Katsoy1996: biological control, chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 15,19-21,81-83
- Kaussa1957: distribution, host, 2
- Kawai1980: distribution, host, taxonomy, 167
- Kawai1987: distribution, host, taxonomy, 77
- KawaiMaUm1971: distribution, host, taxonomy, 17
- KaydanUlEr2007: catalog, distribution, host, 91
- KinjoNaHi1996: distribution, host, 126
- Kiritc1932a: distribution, host, 248
- Kirkal1902: distribution, taxonomy, 105
- Kirkal1904: distribution, taxonomy, 228
- KonarSa2002: biological control, distribution, host, 65-68
- Kondo2001: distribution, host, taxonomy, 41
- Kondo2008a: distribution, host, 25-29
- Kondo2010: distribution, host, 41-44
- Kondo2013: distribution, host, 44
- KondoKa1995: distribution, host, 57-58
- KondoMu2016: distribution, host, illustration, 9
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 9
- Koszta1996: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 330-331
- Koteja1974a: taxonomy, 81
- KozarFoZa1996: distribution, host, 65
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 76
- Kuwana1917: distribution, host, taxonomy, 67-69
- Kuwana1923b: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 34-43
- LambdiWa1980: distribution, host, 79
- LeonKo2017: diagnosis, illustration, natural enemies, 76
- LincanHoCa2010: distribution, host, 4
- LongoMaPe1995: distribution, host, 133,141
- LuHuDe2023: DNA, phylogenetics,
- MaChZh1995: distribution, host, 117-119
- MalipaDuSm2000: biological control, 96
- Malump2012b: distribution, host, 210,212
- MalumpBaCo2019: distribution, host, illustration,
- Mamet1943a: distribution, host, 150-151
- Mamet1949: catalog, distribution, 22
- Mamet1951: distribution, host, 223
- Mamet1957: taxonomy, 368
- MarinLCi1995: description, distribution, host, illustration, 48-50
- MarinLCi1996a: description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 91-96
- MartinLa2011: catalog, distribution, 34
- Martor1976: distribution, host, 14-224
- Matile1978: distribution, host, 42
- MatileEt2006: distribution, host, 164
- MendelPoRo1984b: ecology, life history, 30-33
- MestreHaEv2011: distribution, host, 5
- MestreHoHa2015: distribution, host, 6
- MestreKo2018: distribution, 5
- Meurge2011: distribution, 80
- MifsudMaRu2014: distribution, host, 503
- MilleHeCa2016: distribution, economic importance, host, 132
- Miller1996: catalog, distribution, 69
- MillerRuPa2014: 65
- Moghad2009: distribution, host, 5
- Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 8
- MoghadAbFa2021: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, natural enemies, 295-296
- MoghadNe2021: distribution, key, 176-177
- Mohamm1963: SEM, distribution, host, taxonomy, 131
- MohammGh2008: distribution, 149
- MohammMo2013: illustration, taxonomy, 146, 152
- Mohara1990: taxonomy, 48
- MoriPeTo2001: taxonomy, 42
- Mosque1984: distribution, host, taxonomy, 133-139
- MumaSeDe1961: biological control, distribution, host, 1-39
- Nakaha1983: distribution, host, 3
- NakahaMi1981: distribution, host, 29
- Newste1914: distribution, host, 306
- Panis1982: biological control, distribution, 12-22
- PapadoKaMa2020: key, 3
- ParidaMo1982: taxonomy, 19
- Peleg1987: chemical control, 601-603
- Peleg1988: chemical control, 88-92
- PelegBa1995: biological control, chemical control, economic importance, 262-263
- PelegGo1981: chemical control, 124-126
- PellizCa1994: distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 182-185
- PellizChMi2015: distribution, 59,72
- PellizPoSe2011: distribution, host, 294,296
- PerezFe2024: ant association, natural enemies,
- PerezG2008: distribution, 212
- PerontKo2022: control, distribution, host, illustration, molecular data, natural enemies, taxonomy, 236-238
- PerontSoGr2008: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 156-158
- Petch1921: biological control, 18-40
- PodoleDrRo1981: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 81-90
- Pratt1958: taxonomy,
- QinGu1994: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 934-935
- QinGu1995: taxonomy, 302
- QinGuBe1994: taxonomy, 541-549
- QuezadCoDi1972: distribution, host, 23-24
- Ramakr1919a: distribution, host, 30
- Ramakr1921a: catalog, distribution, host, 346
- Ramakr1930: distribution, host, 40
- RosaPeSo2011: structure, 19
- Rosen1966: biological control, distribution, host, 46-48
- Rosen1969: biological control, 45-53
- Rosen1979: biological control, distribution, host, 289-292
- Salaza1999: control, 44
- Schmut1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 193
- Schmut1998: distribution, host, 36
- Schmut2001: distribution, host, 339-345
- SchneiPoRo1983: distribution, host, life history, 117-141
- SchneiPoRo1987: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 217-228
- SchneiPoRo1987a: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 67-78
- SchneiPoRo1987b: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 95-103
- SchneiPoRo1988: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 75-83
- SengonUyKa1998: biological control, distribution, host, 128-131
- ShafeeYoKh1989: distribution, host, 49
- Signor1872a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 38-39
- Simant1962a: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, 105-112
- Simant1973: economic importance,
- Simmon1957: catalog, distribution, host, 7
- SinhaDi1984: biological control, distribution, host, life history, 11-12
- SismanUl2010: distribution, host, 219-224
- SmithBeBr1997: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 56-57
- Stimme1987: distribution, host, 9
- Stimme1998: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 17-19
- Su1982: distribution, 61
- SunQiLi1989: biological control, economic importance, 1-4
- SwinglWe1896: distribution, host, 1-6
- SwirskWyIz2002: biological control, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 86-88
- SzitaFeBe2017: distribution, host, 468
- Takaha1928: distribution, host, 345
- Takaha1929: distribution, host, 67-68
- Takaha1932a: distribution, host, 103
- Takaha1936c: distribution, host, 117
- Takaha1939b: distribution, host, 263
- Takaha1940a: distribution, host, 331
- Talhou1973: control, natural enemies, 457
- Tang1991: taxonomy, 306-308
- Tao1978: distribution, host, 79
- Tao1989: catalog, distribution, host, 59
- Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 61
- TaoWoCh1983: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 93-94,95
- TavareSaDa2019: natural enemies,
- TrabouBe1965: biological control, distribution, host, 1-13
- Tuncyu1970a: distribution, economic importance, host, 67-80
- UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 483
- UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 485
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S116
- UnalAyKa2016: honeydew, host, 104
- UsmanPu1955: distribution, host, 49
- UygunSeEr1998: distribution, host, 183-191
- Varshn1992: distribution, host, taxonomy, 79
- Varshn1994: distribution, host, 341
- VarshnMo1987: distribution, host, 172
- VayssiGoDe2017: distribution, host, 297-298
- Vernal1953: distribution, host, 127
- VidyasKoDe1989: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 359-360
- VieiraCaPi1983: distribution, host, 93
- WalkerWaEv1974: distribution, host, 12
- WalkerWaEv1974: distribution, host, 13
- Wang1980: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 25-26
- Watson2021: distribution, 521
- Webber1897: chemical control, 53-58
- Willia2001: distribution, 225-227
- Willia2010: distribution, host, 145
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 209
- WilliaKo1972: distribution, host, taxonomy, 43-48
- WilliaWa1990: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 70-73
- WilliaWi1988: distribution, host, taxonomy, 55-56
- WolffKoPe2016: distribution, host, key, 274-275
- WongChCh1999: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 15,54
- WuWa2019: biology, diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key, 521, 522, 524-525
- XieXuZh2004a: chemistry, 512-518
- XieXuZh2006a: morphology, wax secretion, 21-112
- Yang1982: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 168,187
- Yarden1977: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 1-20
- Yarden1987: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 25-31
- YardenRo1990: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 125-128
- YardenRo1992: distribution, ecology, host, life history, 622-629
- YardenRo1995: ecology, life history, 307-313
- YardenSh1995: chemical control, distribution, host, life history, 271-276
- YunusHo1980: distribution, host,
- ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 155
- ZchoriBePo2005: Cardinium, endosymbionts, 211-221
