Valid Names Results
Ceroplastes Gray, 1828 (
Coccidae)
Nomenclatural History
- Coccus (Ceroplastes)
Gray
1828: 7.
Type species: Coccus janeirensis Gray
by subsequent designation
Fernal1903:147
.
accepted valid name
- Ceroplastus
Westwood
1840: 449;.
.
misspelling of genus name
Notes: Change of rank introduced as a mis-spelling
- Coccopsidia
Amyot
1848: 496.
.
unavailable name that is placed
- Columnea
Targioni Tozzetti
1866: 142.
Type species: Coccus caricae Fabricius
by subsequent designation
Targio1867
.
(= Ceroplastes rusci, (L.) )
junior synonym
(discovered by BenDov1993: 94)
- Lacca
Signoret
1869: 848.
.
nomen nudum
(discovered by BenDov1993: xxiii)
- Vinsonia
Signoret
1872a: 33.
Type species: Vinsonia pulchella Signoret
by monotypy
.
junior synonym
(discovered by HodgsoPe2012: 27)
- Ceroplastes
Signoret
1872b: 35.
.
subsequent use
- Columna
Signoret
1877: 658;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Visonia
Ashmead
1891: 99;.
by present designation
.
misspelling of genus name
- Gascardia
Targioni Tozzetti in Gascard
1893: 88.
Type species: Gascardia madagascariensis Targioni Tozzetti
by monotypy
.
junior synonym
(discovered by HodgsoPe2012: 27)
- Ceroplastes (Ceroplastina)
Cockerell
1910a: 76.
Type species: Ceroplastes lahillei Cockerell
by original designation
.
junior synonym
(discovered by BenDov1993: 60)
- Ceroplastes (Ceroplastidia)
Cockerell
1910a: 76.
Type species: Ceroplastes bruneri Cockerell & Cockerell
by original designation
.
junior synonym
(discovered by GimpelMiDa1974: 17)
- Baccacoccus
Brain
1920a: 127.
Type species: Baccacoccus elytropappi Brain
by monotypy and original designation
.
junior synonym
(discovered by DeLott1971: 133)
- Seroplastes
Seabra
1925: 32;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Columella
Šulc
1936: 65;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Bacococcus
Brain, 1920;
Lindinger
1937: 180.
.
emendation that is unjustified
(discovered by MorrisMo1966: 21)
- Ceroplasses
Sankaran
1954: 100;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Ceroplastidia
Cockerell, 1910;
Morrison & Morrison
1966: 32.
.
change in status (level)
- Ceroplastina
Cockerell, 1910;
Morrison & Morrison
1966: 32.
.
change in status (level)
- Cerostegia
De Lotto
1969b: 211.
Type species: Ceroplastes rufus De Lotto
by original designation
.
junior synonym
(discovered by BenDov1993: 3)
- Ceroplastidia
De Lotto
1971: 145.
.
junior synonym
(discovered by DeLott1971: 145)
- Vinzonia
Danzig & Konstantinova
1990: 45;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Paracerostegia
Tang
1991: 303.
Type species: Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock
by original designation
.
junior synonym
(discovered by BenDov1993: 199)
- Winsonia
Fernandes
1993: 111;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Baecoccus
Tao
1999: 51;.
.
misspelling of genus name
- Paracerostegla
Tao
1999: 61;.
.
misspelling of genus name
Notes: Mis-spelling of Paracerostegia.
Remarks
- Systematics: Subfamily: Ceroplastinae. Tribe: Ceroplastini. Ceroplastes is a very large genus from which several genera have been splitted, namely Baccacoccus, Gascardia, Ceroplastidia, Ceroplastina, Cerostegia, Columnea, Paracerostegia and Waxiella. The separation between these genera is controversial. Morrison (1919) noted the similarity of Ceroplastidia to Gascardia and its doubtful distinction from Ceroplastes. Gimpel et al. (1974) regarded all the above as synonyms of Ceroplastes. Ben-Dov (1993) recognized only Ceroplastes and Waxiella while Hodgson (1994a) accepted Ceroplastes, Gascardia and Waxiella as good genera. Following a cladistic analysis, Qin & Gullan (1995 concluded that all these genera should be classified into the senior synonym Ceroplastes. Granara de Willink (1999) suggested that Ceroplastidia was different from Ceroplastes and assigned to the former 7 species from Argentina.
The generic name Lacca Nomen Nudum was first published by Signoret (1869) in the binomen Lacca alba Nomen Nudum, which he credited to Pearson (1794). However, such a name was not found in Pearson's paper (1794), who was only interested in the chemical properties of a wax, named by him 'white wax', produced by scale insects in India. Ben-Dov (1993) concluded that Lacca alba was a Latin form, introduced by Signoret (1869) and erroneously attributed to Pearson, of the term 'white wax'. Both the generic and specific names are Nomina Nuda. Nevertheless, there was good evidence to consider Lacca as a 'synonym' of Ceroplastes, as indicated by Morrison & Morrison (1966), De Lotto (1971) and by Ben-Dov (1993).
The type species of Columnea Targioni Tozzetti, 1866 was designated by subsequent restriction to Coccus caricae Fabricius, by Targioni Tozzetti (1967). Columnea is here regarded as a subjective synonym of Ceroplastes. If Ceroplastes should be split into smaller generic units, Columnea might be an available name.
Baccacoccus Brain is a subjective synonym of Ceroplastes (see De Lotto, 1971; Ben-Dov, 1993; Hodgson, 1994a.
Cerostegia De Lotto is regarded here as a subjective synonym of Ceroplastes.
Paracerostegia Tang, 1991, is her regarded a subjective synonym of Ceroplastes.
Ceroplastina Cockerell, 1910a was ragarded by Ben-Dov (1993) as a subjective synonym of Ceroplastes. Hodgson (1994a: 167) treated Ceroplastina"...probably... a subjective synonym of Gascardia.
- Structure: Members of this subfamily can be recognised by the thick waxy test that covers the whole of the dorsum. The consistency of the wax varies between species depending on the amount of water,The test also varies in thickness between species (Hodgson & Peronti, 2012)
Although Papadopoulou et al. (2020) provide a very helpful key to the morphological identification of the
Ceroplastes species occurring in Europe, their identification with classical taxonomy remains challenging. Studying the genetic diversity of the COI barcoding fragment within and among six closely related Ceroplastes species demonstrated that DNA barcoding properly resolves the different taxa into six reciprocally monophyletic clades congruent with the taxonomic units derived from morphological
characters. (Sutter, et al., 2021)
- Biology: Detailed description of the life history in Hodgson & Peronti, 2012)
- General Remarks: Definition and characters by Zimmerman (1948), Borchsenius (1957), Williams & Kosztarab (1972), Gimpel et al. (1974), Tao et al. (1983), Hamon & Williams (1984), Williams & Watson (1990), Hodgson (1994a), Kosztarab (1996), Granara de Willink (1999) and by Peronti et al. (2008). Relationship to other families of Coccidae in Vea (2011)
Keys
Associated References
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taxonomy, pp. 18-19
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taxonomy, pp. 10
- Almeid1973b:
taxonomy, pp. 5
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taxonomy, pp. 99
- AvasthSh1979:
taxonomy, pp. 36
- AvasthSh1986:
taxonomy, pp. 328,334-335
- Beards1966:
description, taxonomy, pp. 479-480,496
- BenDov1993:
catalog, pp. 13,19,60,94,143,153
- BenDov1993:
catalog, pp. 338
- BenDov2006b:
catalog, taxonomy, pp. 296
- Bodenh1953a:
taxonomy, pp. 93
- Borchs1950b:
description, taxonomy, pp. 140,154-155
- Borchs1957:
description, taxonomy, pp. 449-451
- Brain1920a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 268
- Brimbl1956a:
taxonomy, pp. 159
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taxonomy, pp. 208
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diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 10-11
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taxonomy, pp. 1050
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taxonomy, pp. 5, 7-8
- Cocker1897r:
taxonomy, pp. 70
- Cocker1899n:
taxonomy, pp. 16,17
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taxonomy, pp. 253
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taxonomy, pp. 198
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taxonomy, pp. 74-76
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description, taxonomy, pp. 330
- DanzigKo1990:
taxonomy, pp. 45
- DeLott1965a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 179-183,195,232
- DeLott1969b:
taxonomy, pp. 211
- DeLott1971:
taxonomy, pp. 133,145,147
- DeLott1978:
taxonomy, pp. 137-138,142
- EzzatHu1969:
description, taxonomy, pp. 381
- Fernal1903b:
pp. 126,147,158
- Fernan1993:
taxonomy, pp. 111
- Ferris1950a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 74-75
- Frogga1915:
description, taxonomy, pp. 421
- Gaimar2012:
natural enemies, pp. 41-43
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taxonomy, pp. 311-328
- Gill1988:
biological control, taxonomy, pp. 17
- GimpelMiDa1974:
description, taxonomy, pp. 1-20
- GomezM1937:
description, taxonomy, pp. 306-307
- GomezM1958b:
description, taxonomy, pp. 49,122-123
- Granar1999:
description, taxonomy, pp. 47-48,57-58,78
- Gray1828:
description, taxonomy, pp. 7
- Green1909a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 268-269
- Green1909a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 279
- Hadzib1983:
description, taxonomy, pp. 152
- Hall1931:
description, taxonomy, pp. 289-291
- HamonWi1984:
description, key, taxonomy, pp. 16, 18, 128
- Hodges2002b:
taxonomy, pp. 205,208
- Hodgso1969:
description, taxonomy, pp. 1-3,19-20
- Hodgso1969a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 2,4-5,14,15
- Hodgso1994a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 137-139,161-163
- Hodgso1994a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 167,170-173,185-186
- Hodgso1994a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 268-271
- Hodgso1994a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 591-593
- Hodgso2020:
key, pp. 222
- HodgsoHe2000:
description, taxonomy, pp. 185
- HodgsoPe2012:
description, distribution, illustration, taxonomy, pp. 1-265
- HodgsoWiGi2009:
taxonomy, pp. 95-105
- Kawai1980:
taxonomy, pp. 166
- Koszta1996:
description, taxonomy, pp. 323,325
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taxonomy, pp. 306
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taxonomy, pp. 249
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taxonomy, pp. 45-46
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taxonomy, pp. 355-356
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molecular data, phylogeny, pp. 257
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taxonomy, pp. 122
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catalog, taxonomy, pp. 22
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catalog, taxonomy, pp. 31
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taxonomy, pp. 12
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taxonomy, pp. 374
- MatileNo1984:
taxonomy, pp. 62
- Miller1996:
catalog, taxonomy, pp. 69
- MillerDe2018:
history, pp. 7
- MoghadNe2021:
diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 176
- MorrisMo1966:
taxonomy, pp. 21,32,43,44
- MorrisMo1966:
taxonomy, pp. 83
- MorrisMo1966:
taxonomy, pp. 203
- Mosque1979:
description, taxonomy, pp. 595-598,625-626
- Mosque1984:
taxonomy, pp. 125-126
- Newste1903:
taxonomy, pp.
- Newste1903:
description, taxonomy, pp.
- Newste1908:
taxonomy, pp. 1-4
- Newste1909:
taxonomy, pp. 350-352
- Newste1910a:
taxonomy, pp. 67
- Newste1910c:
description, taxonomy, pp. 192-193
- Newste1911:
description, taxonomy, pp. 97-98
- OlszewDzTr2022:
ecology, wax, pp.
- Paik1978:
taxonomy, pp.
- PellizCa1994:
description, taxonomy, pp. 175-192
- PerontKo2022:
diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 230
- PerontSoGr2008:
description, revision, taxonomy, pp. 139-191
- QinGu1994:
taxonomy, pp. 923
- QinGu1994:
taxonomy, pp. 954
- QinGu1995:
description, taxonomy, pp. 289-308
- Seabra1925:
taxonomy, pp. 32
- Signor1869:
catalog, taxonomy, pp. 848
- Signor1872a:
taxonomy, pp. 35
- Signor1872a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 33-34
- Signor1877:
catalog, taxonomy, pp. 658
- Steinw1929:
taxonomy, pp. 231-232
- Steinw1929:
description, taxonomy, pp. 241
- Sulc1936:
taxonomy, pp. 65
- Tang1991:
taxonomy, pp. 296-297,303-304
- Tang1991:
description, taxonomy, pp. 311
- Tao1978:
description, taxonomy, pp. 79
- Tao1978:
description, taxonomy, pp. 84
- Tao1999:
taxonomy, pp. 51,61
- Tao1999:
taxonomy, pp. 67
- TaoWoCh1983:
description, taxonomy, pp. 93
- TaoWoCh1983:
description, taxonomy, pp. 96,98
- Targio1866:
description, taxonomy, pp. 131,138,142
- Targio1867:
taxonomy, pp. 11
- Targio1884:
taxonomy, pp. 400
- Targio1893a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 88-91
- Townse1892a:
taxonomy, pp. 255-257
- Tranfa1981:
description, taxonomy, pp. 22
- VanHarCoWi1990:
description, taxonomy, pp. 133-134
- Varshn1992:
taxonomy, pp. 77
- VarshnMo1987:
description, taxonomy, pp. 171
- Vea2011:
phylogeny, taxonomy, pp. 13
- Vilar1951:
taxonomy, pp. 111
- Wang1980:
description, taxonomy, pp. 19-20
- WilliaBe2009:
catalog, taxonomy, pp. 16
- WilliaKo1972:
description, taxonomy, pp. 35-36
- WilliaWa1990:
taxonomy, pp. 60-61,64-65
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description, taxonomy, pp. 60-61,173
- WuWa2019:
distribution, key, pp.
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description, taxonomy, pp. 22
- XieXuZh2006a:
taxonomy, pp. 1-7
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taxonomy, pp. 185
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description, taxonomy, pp. 183
- Zimmer1948:
description, taxonomy, pp. 343
144 Species
