Valid Names Results
Brevennia rehi is now Brevennia (Brevennia) rehi (Lindinger, 1943) (Pseudococcidae: Brevennia)
Nomenclatural History
- Ripersia sacchari; Maxwell-Lefroy 1908: 128. misidentification
- Ripersia sacchari niger Fletcher 1916: 62. nomen nudum (discovered by Willia1985, 65).
- Ripersia sacchari oryzae Fletcher 1917: 177. Type data: INDIA: Tirhut and Bihar, on rice. Syntypes, unknown, junior homonym (discovered by Lindin1943c, 265). Replacement name for Ripersia oryzae Kuwana, 1907 Notes: Type material probably lost.
- Ripersia oryzae Green 1931b: 65. junior homonym (discovered by BenDov1994, 65). Notes: Homonym of Ripersia oryzae (Kuwana, 1907).
- Rhizoecus cynodontis Bodenheimer 1943: 16. Type data: IRAQ: Basra, on Cynodon dactylon. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (BenDov1991,6). Type depository: Bet Dagan: Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Israel; junior synonym (discovered by BenDov2008, 85).
- Ripersia rehi Lindinger 1943a: 152. replacement name Replacement name for Ripersia oryzae Green 1931
- Tychea rehi; Lindinger 1943b: 265. subsequent use
- Brevennia (Brevennia) femoralis Borchsenius 1949: 270. Type data: USSR: Tadzhikistan, Stalinvada, collected ix and xi, 1944, Borchsenius; Azerbaijan, Lenkoransk region, on Cynodon dactylon, collected vi.1947, Borchsenius.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: St. Petersburg: Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, Russia; junior synonym (discovered by BenDov2008, 85). Notes: Lectotype designated in Danzig & Gavrilov, 2011: female, "Peliococcus femoralis Borchs., Azerbaijan, vicinity of Lenkoran, on steams of Cynodon dactylon, 22.VI.1947, No. 525"
- Pseudorhodania marginata Borchsenius 1962a: 244. Type data: CHINA: Yunnan Province, Chindung, on grass. Holotype, female, Type depository: Beijing: Institute of Entomology, Academy of Sciences, China; accepted valid name Illustr.
- Heterococcus femoralis (Borchsenius, 1949); Miller & McKenzie 1970: 443. change of combination
- Heterococcus rehi (Lindinger, 1943); Williams 1970: 141. change of combination
- Heterococcus tuttlei Miller & McKenzie 1970: 447. Type data: U.S.A.: California, Imperial County, Bard, on Cynodon dactylon. Holotype, female, Type depository: Davis: The Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, California, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Miller1973a, 372). Illustr.
- Brevennia (Brevennia) rehi (Lindinger, 1943); Miller 1973a: 372. change of combination
- Brevennia cynodontis Ben-Dov 1991: 6. junior synonym (discovered by DanzigGa2013, 466).
- Brevennia (Brevennia) rehi (Lindinger, 1943); Danzig & Gavrilov-Zimin 2012a: 791. change of combination
- Brevennia marginata Danzig & Gavrilov-Zamin 2012a: 786. junior synonym (discovered by DanzigGa2013, 466-467).
Common Names
- rice mealybug Willia1970DJ WilliaRaBr1981
- tuttle mealybug MillerMc1970
- Chakdhora SirisenSaKo2022
- chatrapoke SirisenSaKo2022
- cochinilla harinosa del arroz SirisenSaKo2022
- dumpa tengulu SirisenSaKo2022
- Reis-Schmierlaus SirisenSaKo2022
- senchooral, soorai, soorainovu SirisenSaKo2022
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 3 | Genera: 34
- Arecaceae
- Ptychosperma | Stocks2012
- Cyperaceae
- Cyperus | Ali1973a Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Cyperus iria | MishraPoCh2019
- Cyperus michelianus | BenDov1994 Green1931b Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Cyperus pygmaeus),(= Juncellus pygmaeus)
- Cyperus rotundus | BenDov1994 Green1931b Miller1975DR Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Cyperus serotinus | ChenKoLi1997
- Fimbristylis argentea | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Green1931b Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Fimbristylis quinquangularis | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Fimbristylis miliacea)
- Fimbristylis tenera | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Poaceae
- Apluda | Ali1973a
- Apluda mutica | BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Apluda varia)
- Bothriochloa ischaemum | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Brachiaria | Stocks2012
- Brachiaria reptans | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ | (= Panicum prostatum)
- Cenchrus caliculatus | ChenKoLi1997
- Chloris barbata | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Cymbopogon caesius | BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Cynodon | WilliaGr1992
- Cynodon dactylon | Bodenh1943 Miller1973a Miller1975DR MillerMc1970 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia1985
- Dactyloctenium aegyptium | ChenKoLi1997 Miller1975DR Stocks2012 Willia1970DJ | (= Eleusine aegyptica)
- Dactyloctenium australe | BenDov2008
- Dichanthium annulatum | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Andropogon annulatus)
- Digitaria ciliaris | ChenKoLi1997 | (= Digitaria abscendens)
- Digitaria henryi | ChenKoLi1997
- Digitaria sanguinalis | BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Echinochloa colona | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Panicum colonum)
- Echinochloa crus-galli | ChenKoLi1997 MishraPoCh2019 | including var. formosensis
- Echinochloa oryzoides | ChenKoLi1997 | (= Echinchloa crus-galli oryzicola)
- Eleusine coracana | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Eleusine indica | ChenKoLi1997 Stocks2012
- Eragrostis interrupta | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Eriochloa polystachya | Willia2004a
- Heterachne abortiva | GrimshDo2007
- Imperata cylindrica | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Imperata arundinacea)
- Isachne globosa | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ | (= Isachne australis)
- Ischaemum ciliare | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Iseilema laxum | BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Leptochloa chinensis | BenDov1994 ChenKoLi1997 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Leptochloa fusca | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | ssp. fascicularis
- Oryza sativa | BenDov1994 ChenKoLi1997 LiuTa1988 Maxwel1908 VanHeu1923 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Panicum maximum | ChenKoLi1997
- Panicum repens | Ali1973a BenDov1994 ChenKoLi1997 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Paspalum dilatatum | ChenKoLi1997
- Paspalum distichum | ChenKoLi1997
- Paspalum scrobiculatum | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Pennisetum glaucum | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Setaria glauca)
- Poaceae | BenDov1994 Borchs1962 MillerMc1970
- Saccharum officinarum | Willia2004a
- Saccharum spontaneum | Ali1973a BenDov1994 Ramakr1930 Willia1970DJ
- Sorghum | BenDov1994 Borchs1949 MyartsKaPo1995
- Sorghum bicolor | BenDov1994 Miller1975DR MillerMc1970 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Sorghum vulgare)
- Themeda triandra | Ali1973a | (= Anthistiria imberbis)
- Urochloa panicoides | BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a | (= Panicum javanicum)
- Zea mays | ChenKoLi1997
- Zoysia | Stocks2012
Foes:
Families: 1 | Genera: 2
- Encyrtidae
- Apoleptomastix bicoloricornis | Stocks2012
- Rhopus nigroclavatus | AbdRab2001d
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 29
- Afghanistan | KozarFoZa1996
- Australia
- Northern Territory | BenDov1994 Willia1985 WilliaRaBr1981
- Queensland | GrimshDo2007
- Azerbaijan | BenDov1994 Borchs1949
- Bangladesh | AlamKa1981 BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Brazil
- Rio Grande do Sul | BenDov2008
- Burma (=Myanmar) | BenDov1994 Crowe1985 Ghosh1940 Shroff1920 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ
- China | BenDov1994 Borchs1962a Tang1992 TangHaTa1992
- Xizang (=Tibet) | HuYaLi1986
- Cuba | SirisenSaKo2022
- Egypt | AbdRab2001d
- Hawaiian Islands
- Hawaii | Beards1979 BenDov1994
- India | BenDov1994 Maxwel1908 Ramakr1930 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ
- Andhra Pradesh | Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Assam | MishraPoCh2019
- Bihar | Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Goa | Willia2004a
- Karnataka | Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Kerala | Varshn1992
- Madhya Pradesh | Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Maharashtra | Varshn1992
- Odisha (=Orissa) | MishraPoCh2019 Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Tamil Nadu | Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- West Bengal | Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Indonesia
- Java | VanHeu1923 Willia1970DJ
- Iran | KozarFoZa1996 Moghad2009
- Iraq | BenDov1994 BenDov2008 Bodenh1943
- Israel | BenDov2008
- Malaysia | MishraPoCh2019
- Nepal | BenDov1994 Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- New Britain | BenDov1994 WilliaRaBr1981 WilliaWa1988a
- Pakistan | BenDov1994 Miller1975DR Varshn1992 Willia1970DJ Willia2004a
- Papua New Guinea | WilliaWa1988a
- Philippines | Willia2004a
- Puerto Rico & Vieques Island
- Puerto Rico | BenDov1994 CABI1979a WilliaGr1992
- Sri Lanka | SiriseMaWa2013
- Taiwan | BenDov1994 ChenKoLi1997 LiuTa1988
- Tajikistan (=Tadzhikistan) | BenDov1991 BenDov1994 Borchs1949
- Thailand | BenDov1994 CABI1979a
- Turkmenistan | MyartsKaPo1995
- U.S. Virgin Islands | BenDov1994 WilliaGr1992
- United States
- Arizona | BenDov1994 Miller1975DR MillerMc1970
- California | BenDov1994 Miller1975DR MillerMc1970
- Florida | BenDov1994 Miller1973a Miller1975DR Stocks2012
- Texas | BenDov1994 CABI1979a
Keys
- EvansAb2023: pp.8-13 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococccidae of Egypt]
- Hodgso2020: pp.32-34 ( Adult (M) ) [higher groups of Pseudococcidae]
- DanzigGa2014: pp.585-587 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic Brevennia species]
- DanzigGa2013: pp.464 ( Adult (F) ) [A Key to the Species of the Genus Brevennia (Including Four Palaearctic Species Not Known from Russia and Adjacent Countries)]
- DanzigGa2012a: pp.787,789 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of Brevennia]
- Tang1992: pp.573 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic & Oriental regions]
- Willia1970DJ: pp.114 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
Remarks
- Systematics: Brevennia femoralis Borchsenius, 1949 was first synonymized with Rhizoecus cynodontis Bodenheimer, 1943, and later Ben-Dov (2008) synonymized both with Brevennia rehi.
- Structure: Body of adult female elongate oval to broadly oval. Legs short and slender with numerous translucent pores on each hind femur and tibia. Antenna short, 6 segments. Ostioles represented by Posterior pair only. Cerarri numbering six or seven pair, on the abdomen. Multilocular disc pores present on the dorsum of the abdomen and head margin, and across the abdomen and around the entire margin on the venter. Quinquelocular pores fairly abundant over the entire body. (Siriseni, et al., 2013)
- Biology: Occurring beneath the leaf sheaths at the bases of the host plant.
- Economic Importance: This species first came to attention to agriculturists and entomologists in the United States in the late 1960s when it was discovered infesting bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) seed production crops in Arizona to such an extent that the sticky exudates produced by the mealybugs fouled the harvesting equipment (Miller and McKenzie, 1970). Reported to damage lawn grasses of Dactyloctenium australe in Israel (Ben-Dov, 2008). In India,, it has not been considered as a major pest of rice because of its restricted distribution and sporadic occurrence. It is mainly confined to upland and rainfed environments.However, the pest may become a potential threat to rice in future due to its global distribution and changing climatic scenario. (Mishra, et al., 2019)
- General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Miller & McKenzie (1970), Williams (1970DJ), Miller (1975), Williams (1985), Liu & Tao (1988), Williams & Watson (1988a), Williams & Granara de Willink (1992) and by Williams (2004a). Description and illustration of the adult male given by Miller (1975). Description and illustration of the first-instar nymph given by Miller (1975). Description and illustration of adult female by Bodenheimer (1943). Good description of the adult female given by Borchsenius (1949), Miller & McKenzie (1970) and by Ben-Dov (1991).
Illustrations
Citations
- AbdRab2001d: biological control, distribution, 1356
- AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 40
- AlamAlKa1979: distribution, economic importance, host, 20-21
- AlamBh1965: distribution, host, life history, 121-122
- AlamKa1981: distribution, economic importance, host, 17-26
- Ali1958: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 179-181
- Ali1962: description, distribution, host, 72
- Ali1967: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 217
- Ali1967a: distribution, host, 33-34
- Ali1973a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 53-55
- BackiaSu1996: ecology, life history, 250-252
- BeheraSaRa2001: Wolbachia, symbiont, 1299-1300
- BenDov1991: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 6
- BenDov1994: catalog, 64,65,66,416
- BenDov2008: distribution, host, taxonomy, 85-88
- BenDov2012: catalog, distribution, host, 34,
- Bodenh1943: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 16
- Borchs1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 270-271
- Borchs1962a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 243-244
- CABI1979a: distribution, 1
- ChenKoLi1997: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 49-54
- Crowe1985: distribution,
- DanzigGa2011: taxonomy, 271
- DanzigGa2012a: illustration, taxonomy, 786, 787, 790-791
- DanzigGa2013: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 464-469
- DanzigGa2014: description, distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 585, 598-601
- DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 118
- EvansAb2023: distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 6, 12, 14, 36
- Fletch1916: taxonomy, 62
- Fletch1917a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 177
- Gavril2018: reproduction, 218
- GopalaRaBa1987: biological control, life history, 18
- Green1931b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 557
- GrimshDo2007: distribution, economic importance, host, 96-98
- HaddadRuDe2018: life cycle,
- Hodgso2020: key, 33
- HodgsoHa2013: phylogeny, taxonomy, 797
- HuYaLi1986: distribution, host, 10-12
- Jahn2004: ecology, host, life history, 115-122
- JeyaraSrSa2000: chemistry, host, 14-15
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 23
- KozarFoZa1996: distribution, host, 64
- KumarChMi2022: control,
- LakshmMaMo1988: economic importance, 356-357
- Lindin1943a: taxonomy, 152
- Lindin1943b: taxonomy, 265
- LiuTa1988: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 61, 62
- Maxwel1908: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 128, 129
- Miller1973a: distribution, host, 372
- Miller1975DR: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 49-56
- MillerMc1970: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 443,447-449,451,457
- MishraPoCh2019: climate change, control, distribution, host,
- Moghad2009: distribution, host, 18
- Moghad2013: description, distribution, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 13-15, 99
- Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 63
- MoghadWa2022: description, diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 10, 30-32, 144
- MohammGh2008: distribution, 154
- MyartsKaPo1995: distribution, host, 223-225
- Prakas1988: control, distribution, 87-97
- Ramakr1930: distribution, host, 63
- Ramakr1941: distribution, host, 107-113
- SiriseMaWa2013: description, distribution, economic importance, host, 35-36
- SirisenSaKo2022: control, diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 130-131
- Stocks2012: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, 1-3
- Tang1992: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 586
- TangHaTa1992: distribution, host, 9
- Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 10
- Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 26
- VanHeu1923: distribution, economic importance, host, 42-43
- Varshn1992: distribution, host, 39, 40
- Willia1970DJ: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 141-145
- Willia1985: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 65, 66
- Willia2004a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 96-99
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 249
- WilliaGr1992: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 68, 69
- WilliaRaBr1981: distribution, host, taxonomy, 46
- WilliaWa1988a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 23-24, 26
- Yang1982: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 42-44
- ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 177
