Valid Names Results
Lepidosaphes newsteadi (Sulc, 1895) (Diaspididae: Lepidosaphes)Nomenclatural History
- Mytilaspis newsteadi Sulc 1895a: 8-12. Type data: CZECHOSLOVAKIA: on Pinus silvestris. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Abbotsford: Department of Entomology, Museum of Victoria, Victoria, Australia; accepted valid name Illustr.
- Lepidosaphes newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Fernald 1903b: 312. change of combination
- Mytilaspis (Lepidosaphes) newsteadi Sulc, 1895; Lindinger 1907: 6. change of combination
- Mytilococcus newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Lindinger 1936: 149. change of combination
- Insulaspis newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Borchsenius 1963: 1173. change of combination
- Leucaspis newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Soria et al. 2000: 339. change of combination
Common Names
- Newstead scale MillerDa1990
- Newstead's scale Merril1953
- pine oysterhell scale KosztaKo1988F
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 5 | Genera: 10
- Apocynaceae
- Nerium oleander | Moghad2013a
- Cupressaceae
- Chamaecyparis pisifera | Merril1953 | (= Retinospora leptocladav)
- Cryptomeria japonica | Balach1954e
- Juniperus bermudiana | Balach1954e
- Pinaceae
- Abies | Balach1954e
- Abies alba | Schmut1951 | (= Picea excelsa)
- Abies bornmuelleriana | UlgentDo2019
- Abies cephalonica | SzitaFeBe2017
- Abies nordmanniana | WilliaEd1985 | ssp. equi-trojani (= Abies nordmanniana bornmuelleriana)
- Abies pinsapo | UlgentDo2019
- Cedrus | WilliaEd1985
- Cedrus libani | WilliaEd1985
- Picea | Balach1954e
- Picea pungens | MatilePe2002
- Pinus | Merril1953
- Pinus mugo | Boraty1955 WilliaEd1985 | including ssp. mughus)
- Pinus nigra | Bodenh1953
- Pinus sylvestris | BugajNJuKa2021 Sulc1895a
- Sciadopityaceae
- Sciadopitys verticillata | Colema1903
- Theaceae
- Camellia | Balach1954e
- Camellia japonica | Kuwana1902 | (= Thea japonica)
Foes:
Families: 3 | Genera: 6
- Aphelinidae
- Ablerus | Simmon1957 | (= Azotus)
- Aphytis | UlgentErKa2008
- Aphytis mytilaspidis | Balach1954e
- Encarsia aurantii | Balach1954e | (= Prospaltella aurantii)
- Encarsia intermedia | HertinSi1972 | (= Prospaltella intermedia)
- Encarsia leucaspidis | Balach1954e | (= Prospaltella leucaspidis)
- Encarsia lounsburyi | HertinSi1972 | (= Aspidiotiphagus lounsburyi )
- Pteroptrix dimidiata | Yasnos1978
- Coccinellidae
- Rhyzobius lophanthae | HertinSi1972 | (= Lindorus lophanthae)
- Hemisarcoptidae
- Hemisarcoptes malus | HertinSi1972
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 22
- Austria | Boraty1955 Malump2011a
- Bermuda | Balach1954e
- Bulgaria | KosztaKo1988F Tsalev1968
- Croatia | MastenSi2008
- Czech Republic | Sulc1895a
- France | Balach1954e Foldi2001
- Germany | Ferris1938a SchmutHo2016
- Greece | SzitaFeBe2017
- Hungary | BognarVi1979
- Iran | DanzigPe1998
- Iraq | DanzigPe1998
- Italy | Ferris1938a MatilePe2002
- Sicily | Costan1950 LongoMaPe1995
- Japan
- Honshu | Kuwana1902
- Lebanon | WilliaEd1985
- Netherlands | Balach1954e
- Norway | Gertss2001 WilliaEd1985
- Poland | KotejaZa1983 SimonKa2011 Szulcz1926
- Romania | KosztaKo1988F
- Sweden | DanzigPe1998
- Switzerland | Balach1954e
- Turkey | Bodenh1949 NormarOkMo2019
- United States
- Alabama | WaltmaRaWi2016
- California | Colema1903
- Connecticut | Britto1923
- Florida | Merril1953
- Mississippi | Ferris1938a Miller2005
Keys
- MillerWiDa2006: pp.35-37 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to the conifer infesting species of Lepidosaphes]
- Danzig1993: pp.247 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
- KosztaKo1988F: pp.347 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
- Danzig1971d: pp.841 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of family Diaspididae] Key as: Lepidosaphes newsteadi
- Willia1971: pp.449 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Insulaspis on Coniferae]
- Balach1954e: pp.34 ( Adult (F) ) [Tableau de détermination des espèces du g. Lepidosaphes]
- Ferris1942: pp.SIV-446:56 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
- Britto1923: pp.378 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Connecticut species of Lepidosaphes]
- Leonar1903: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Mytilaspis]
Remarks
- Systematics: Balachowsky (1954e) gives good characters to separate Lepidosaphes newsteadi from L. maskelli (=L. pallida (Maskell)).
- Structure: Scales of both sexes pale brown and quite slender. Adult female about 1.0 mm long. Derm at full maturity showing a tendency to be somewhat sclerotized from the 2nd abdominal segment to the end of the body (Ferris, 1938a).
- Biology: One yearly generation. Fertilized females overwinter and lay 7-56 eggs per female in Germany, from the end of April until late May. Eggs hatch in 40-50 days; adults develop by early August (Schmutterer, 1952).
- Economic Importance: Miller & Davidson (1990) list this insect as a pest.
- General Remarks: Detailed descriptions and illustrations by Ferris (1938a) and Bodenheimer (1953). Table of taxanomic characters distinguishing conifer infesting species in Miller, Williams & Davidson (2006).
Illustrations
Citations
- AndersWuGr2010: phylogeny, taxonomy, 997-1003
- Balach1933a: taxonomy, 40
- Balach1954e: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 34, 83-86
- Bennet1974: biological control, 88
- Bodenh1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 121, 130-131
- Bodenh1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 19-21
- BognarVi1979: distribution, host, 18
- Boraty1955: distribution, host, 67
- Borchs1950b: distribution, taxonomy, 184
- Borchs1963: taxonomy, 1173
- Borchs1966: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 65
- Britto1923: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 378, 379
- BugajNJuKa2021: distribution, host, list, 299
- Colema1903: distribution, host, 74
- Costan1950: distribution, host, 13
- Danzig1971d: taxonomy, 841
- Danzig1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 247, 265-266
- DanzigPe1998: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 287-288
- DooleySm2013: catalog, 12
- DouttDe1964: distribution, host, 121
- Fernal1903b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 312
- Ferris1938a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, SII-146
- Ferris1942: taxonomy, SIV-446:56
- FetykoKoDa2010: distribution, 295
- Fjeldd1996: distribution, host, 18
- Foldi2001: distribution, 306
- FoldiGe2018: distribution, 10
- Gertss2001: distribution, 127, 128
- Greath1973: distribution, host, 30
- GruwelWoKo2016: phylogeny, 175, 176
- HertinSi1972: biological control, 183
- Komosi1969a: taxonomy, 267
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 17
- KosztaKo1988F: biological control, description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 351
- KotejaZa1983: distribution, host, 483
- Kozar1980: distribution, host, 69
- Kozar2009a: distribution, 583
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 84
- Kozarz1986: distribution, taxonomy, 308
- Kuwana1902: distribution, host, 81
- Kuwana1907: distribution, host, 202
- Kuznet1967: taxonomy, 256
- Lagows1998a: ecology, 65
- LagowsGo2020: distribution, 69
- LagowsKo1996: distribution, taxonomy, 32
- Leonar1898: taxonomy, 47
- Leonar1903: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 29, 55-57
- Leonar1920: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 151, 170-171
- Lindin1907: taxonomy, 6
- Lindin1912b: taxonomy, 252
- Lindin1935: taxonomy, 139
- Lindin1936: taxonomy, 149
- LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 127
- LongoMaPe1999a: distribution, 144
- Lupo1939: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 71, 119-123
- MacGil1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 285
- Malump2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 54,56-57
- MalumpKa2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 54,57
- MastenSi2008: catalog, distribution, host, 105-118
- MatilePe2002: distribution, host, 357
- Merril1953: distribution, host, taxonomy, 58
- Mesnil1949: description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 74-83
- Miller2005: distribution, 487
- MillerDa1990: economic importance, taxonomy, 303
- MillerWiDa2006: description, taxonomy, 25, 36, 40-42
- Nishid2002: catalog, 142
- NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, 24, 59, S6
- Pelliz1976: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 13-16
- RoversBaFa1993: distribution, host, 53
- Ryan1946: distribution, economic importance, 125
- Ryan1946: distribution, 125
- Schmut1951: host, taxonomy, 129
- Schmut1959: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 158, 164-167
- SchmutHo2016: distribution, host, illustration, 63, 94
- Simmon1957: biological control, catalog, distribution, host, 4
- Simmon1958a: distribution, host, 601
- SimonKa2011: distribution, 240
- SoriaMoVi2000: distribution, host, 339
- Sulc1895a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 8-12 ,19
- SzitaFeBe2017: distribution, host, 469
- Szulcz1926: distribution, host, taxonomy, 140
- Takaha1955e: taxonomy, 73
- Tang2001: taxonomy, 4
- Teodor2018: distribution, history, 43
- Terezn1975: taxonomy, 57, 73
- TrenchTo2014: distribution, 70
- UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 484
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S120
- ViggiaJe1985: taxonomy, 879
- WaltmaRaWi2016: distribution, 231
- Willia1971: distribution, host, taxonomy, 449
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 228
- WilliaBe2009: catalog, 33
- WilliaEd1985: distribution, host, taxonomy, 45
- Wolff1911: taxonomy, 80
- Yanin1971: distribution, taxonomy, 46
- Yanin1975: distribution, taxonomy, 43
- Yasnos1978: biological control, distribution, 494, 500
- Zahrad1952: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 162, 166-170
- Zahrad1972: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 425-426
- Zahrad1977: host, 120
