Valid Names Results
Eulecanium ciliatum (Douglas, 1891) (Coccidae: Eulecanium)Nomenclatural History
- Lecanium ciliatum Douglas 1891: 67. Type data: ENGLAND: Stonehouse, Devon and Delamere, on Quercus robur.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; accepted valid name
- Lecanium (Eulecanium) ciliatum; Cockerell 1896b: 332. subsequent use
- Eulecanium ciliatum (Douglas, 1891); Fernald 1903b: 184. change of combination
- Palaeolecanium ciliatum (Douglas, 1891); Lindinger 1935a: 137. change of combination
Common Names
- ciliate oak scale KosztaKo1988F
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 10 | Genera: 17
- Betulaceae
- Alnus hirsuta | Danzig1980b
- Alnus incana | KotejaZa1966 KotejaZa1983
- Betula pendula | Koteja1984e KotejaZa1983 | (= Betula verrucosa)
- Corylus | Danzig1980b
- Caprifoliaceae
- Lonicera | Danzig1980b
- Fagaceae
- Fagus sylvatica | KotejaZa1983 | (= Fagus silvatica)
- Quercus | KozarGuBa1994 KozarPaPa1991
- Quercus mongolica | Danzig1980b
- Quercus penduculiflora | UlgentDo2019
- Quercus petraea | KotejaZa1983 Lagows1984 | (= Quercus sessilis)
- Quercus robur | KotejaZa1983
- Grossulariaceae
- Ribes | UlgentDo2019
- Juglandaceae
- Juglans mandshurica | Danzig1980b
- Juglans regia | Kozar1980
- Oleaceae
- Jasminum fruticans | UlgentDo2019
- Rosaceae
- Crataegus monogyna | Bodenh1943
- Cydonia | UlgentDo2019
- Malus | Danzig1980b
- Prunus cerasus | Danzig1980b | (= Prunus vulgaris)
- Salicaceae
- Populus | KozarOrKo1977
- Populus alba | KozarWa1986
- Populus balsamifera | KotejaZa1983
- Populus euphratica | TangLi1988
- Salix arenaria | Koteja1971a
- Sapindaceae
- Acer campestre | UlgentDo2019
- Acer pseudoplatanus | UlgentDo2019
- Acer tataricum | Danzig1980b | (= Acer ginnala)
- Ulmaceae
- Ulmus | Danzig1980b
Foes:
Families: 8 | Genera: 19
- Anthribidae
- Anthribus fasciatus | UlgentTo2001a
- Aphelinidae
- Coccophagus aterrimus | UlgentTo2001a
- Coccinellidae
- Adalia | UlgentTo2001a
- Adalia bipunctata | UlgentTo2001a
- Chilocorus bipustulatus | UlgentTo2001a
- Exochomus quadripustulatus | UlgentTo2001a
- Oenopia conglobata | UlgentTo2001a | (=Synharmonia conglobata)
- Cybocephalidae
- Cybocephalus fodori minor | UlgentTo2001a
- Encyrtidae
- Blastothrix sericea | Schmut1972a
- Cheiloneurus paralia | Schmut1972a | (= Cheiloneurus formosus)
- Encyrtus albitarsis | Ulgent2001
- Encyrtus infidus | UlgentTo2001a
- Metaphycus | UlgentTo2001a
- Metaphycus dispar | UlgentTo2001a
- Microterys | UlgentTo2001a
- Psyllaephagus procerus | UlgentTo2001a
- Eulophidae
- Aprostocetus trjapitzini | UlgentTo2001a
- Miridae
- Atractotomus mali | UlgentTo2001a
- Deraeocoris ruber | UlgentTo2001a
- Heterotoma | Ulgent2001
- Pilophorus perplexus | Ulgent2001
- Pteromalidae
- Eunotus areolatus | UlgentTo2001a
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 18
- Austria | KosztaKo1988F
- Bulgaria | TrenchGoTr2008 TrenchGoTr2009 Tsalev1968
- China | Tang1991
- Nei Monggol (=Inner Mongolia) | TangLi1988
- Shanxi (=Shansi) | Xie1998
- Czech Republic | Sulc1932
- France | Cocker1903 FoldiGe2018
- Germany | Schmut1952b
- Greece | KozarPaPa1991
- Hungary | Kozar1980 KozarKiSa2004 KozarOrKo1977 KozarWa1986
- Iraq | Aziz1977 Bodenh1943
- Netherlands |
- Poland | Kaweck1935 Koteja1971a Koteja1984e KotejaZa1966 KotejaZa1983 LagowsKo1996
- Romania | FetykoKoDa2010
- Russia
- Caucasus | Danzig1986
- Primor'ye Kray | Danzig1986
- Sweden | Gertss2001
- Turkey | CebeciSe2004 KaydanUlEr2007 Ulgent2001 UlgentTo2001
- Ukraine
- Kiev Oblast | Danzig1986
- United Kingdom
- England | Green1923d Green1928
- Yugoslavia | BenDov1993
Keys
- DuroviSpUl2024: pp.490-491 ( Adult (F) First instar Second instar (F) Second instar (M) ) [Eulecaniinae in Ankara]
- Tang1991: pp.157 ( Adult (F) ) [China]
- KosztaKo1988F: pp.185 ( Adult (F) ) [Europe]
- Borchs1957: pp.390 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic region ]
Remarks
- Structure: First-instar nymph elongate oval, dark pink, with very thin wax cover.On the dorsum of the first-instar nymph, E. cerasorum has both submarginal and submedian lines formed of simple pores each closely associated with a dorsal microduct (with about 11 on each side); in contrast, in the first-instar nymph of E. ciliatum the submarginal line is formed of simple pores alternating with dorsal
microducts (with about 12 on each side), and the median line consists of simple pores only and submarginal and submedian lines consist of only simple pores and between them a line formed with only dorsal microducts in the first-instar nymph of E. tiliae (Durović, et al., 2024).
Second-instar male nymph elongate oval, dark pinkish. Glassy wax test opaque white, with some ornate sculpturing; with numerous projections on plates, corresponding to sutures and ornate structures. On the dorsum, the second-instar male of E. ciliatum has the inner submarginal line of tubular ducts running from the head to the level of the posterior spiracular cleft, whereas in E. cerasorum this inner line of ducts runs all the way from the head to the anal lobes and in E. tiliae this inner line of ducts runs to level of anterior spiracular clefts. (Durović, et al., 2024)
Second-instar female nymph elongate oval, dark pinkish; wax test opaque and glassy. Second-instar female nymphs of E. ciliatum are easily distinguished from those of E. cerasorum because they lack tubular ducts on the dorsum. The marginal setae in second-instar female nymphs of E. ciliatum and E. cerasorum are situated very close each other whereas not close each other in E. tiliae. (Durović, et al., 2024)
- Biology: Develops one annual generation in Ankara, Turkey (Ulgenturk & Toros, 2001b).
- General Remarks: Good description of the adult female given by Borchsenius (1957). Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the nymphal stages in Durović, et al., 2024.
Illustrations
Citations
- Aziz1977: distribution, host, 47
- BenDov1993: catalog, 124-125
- Bodenh1943: distribution, host, 12
- Bodenh1953a: distribution, host, life history, 103
- Bolu2012: biological control, 111
- Borchs1957: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 401-403
- BugajNJuKa2021: distribution, host, list, 293
- CamachCh2015: distribution, host, 8
- CebeciSe2004: distribution, host, 215
- Cocker1896b: distribution, 332
- Danzig1967: taxonomy, 155
- Danzig1980b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 278-279
- DervisStMi2024: diagnosis, key,
- DeveliMuKa2018: distribution, taxonomy, 5-6
- Dougla1891: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 67-68
- DuroviSpUl2024: description, illustration, key, nymph, 459-
- Fernal1903b: catalog, 184,185
- FoldiGe2018: distribution, 8
- Gertss2001: distribution, 123-130
- Green1923d: distribution, host, 212
- Green1928: distribution, host, 5
- Jansen2001: distribution, host, 197-206
- Kaweck1935: distribution, host, 81
- KaydanUlEr2007: catalog, distribution, host, 91
- Kiritc1932a: distribution, host, 256
- Kohler2009a: distribution, host, 25
- KohlerEi2005: distribution, host, 162
- KohlerEi2006: distribution, host, 14
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 10
- KosztaKo1978: distribution, host, taxonomy, 99
- KosztaKo1988F: biological control, description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 186-187
- Koteja1971a: distribution, host, 323
- Koteja1974b: distribution, 79
- Koteja1984e: distribution, host, 676
- Koteja2000a: distribution, 172
- KotejaZa1966: distribution, host, 327
- KotejaZa1983: distribution, host, 479
- Kozar1975: chemical control, distribution, economic importance, host, 1-24
- Kozar1976a: distribution, economic importance, host, 35-47
- Kozar1980: distribution, host, 67
- KozarKiSa2004: distribution, 58
- KozarKoFe2013: distribution, taxonomy, 52
- KozarOrKo1977: distribution, host, 72
- KozarPaPa1991: distribution, host, 65
- KozarSzFe2013: distribution, list of species, 94, 110, 128, 146, 165
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 77
- KozarWa1986: distribution, host, 116
- Kozarz1992: distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 90-91
- Lagows1986: distribution, host, 476
- Lagows1986a: distribution, host, 178-179
- Lagows1987a: distribution, ecology, host, 131-144
- Lagows1998a: distribution, host, 63-71
- LagowsGo2020: distribution, 67
- LagowsKo1996: taxonomy, 32
- Lindin1912b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 84,271,284,289
- Lindin1935: taxonomy, 137
- MalumpBa2012: distribution, economic importance, host, 19,38
- Newste1903: distribution, host, taxonomy,
- Ossian1959: distribution, host, 196
- PellizChMi2015: distribution, 60,67
- Rehace1960: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 60-61
- Reyne1957: distribution, host, 15
- Savesc1961: description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 41
- Schmut1952: distribution, host, life history, 549
- Schmut1952b: distribution, host, 20
- Schmut1972a: description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 406-407
- Schmut1980: distribution, host, taxonomy, 51
- SchmutHo2016: distribution, host, 35
- SimonKa2011: distribution, 238
- Sulc1932: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 92-95
- Szulcz1931: distribution, host, 124-135
- Tang1984b: distribution, host, 127
- Tang1991: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 160-161
- TangLi1988: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 96-97
- Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 57
- Terezn1959: distribution, host, 684
- Terezn1963: distribution, host, 186
- Terezn1966: distribution, host, 30-31
- Terezn1981: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 156-157
- Trembl1988a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 241
- TrenchGoTr2008: distribution, host, 137-141
- TrenchGoTr2009: distribution, host, 219
- TrenchTo2014: distribution, 68
- Ulgent2001: biological control, distribution, host, 369-375
- Ulgent2001a: biological control, distribution, host, 405-409
- Ulgent2003: structure, 393-398
- UlgentCa2004: distribution, host, 79-84
- UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 485
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S116
- UlgentKaKo2013: distribution, host, 28
- UlgentTo2001: distribution, host, 213-217
- UlgentTo2001a: biological control, distribution, host, 219-224
- UlgentTo2001b: distribution, host, life history, 351-356
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 208
- Xie1998: distribution, host, taxonomy, 49
- Zahrad1977: distribution, host, taxonomy, 119
- ZhangZh1992: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 229
