Valid Names Results

Abgrallaspis is now Hemiberlesia Cockerell, 1897 (Diaspididae)

Nomenclatural History

• Aspidites Berlese & Leonardi 1896: 349. Type species: Aspidiotus rapax Comstock by original designation . (= Hemiberlesia rapax, (Comstock, 1881) ) junior homonym Notes: Homonym of Aspidites Reptilia (1877), Mollusca (1895).; discovered by Cockerell in Leonardi, 1897a: 375.
• Hemiberlesia Cockerell 1897i: 12. Type species: Aspidiotus rapax Comstock . (= Hemiberlesia rapax, (Comstock, 1881) ) replacement name
• Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) Cockerell, 1897; Cockerell 1899a: 395. . change in status (level)
• Hemiberlesea Lindinger 1908b: 96. . replacement name that is unjustified
• Hemiberlesea Brain 1918: 117;. . misspelling of genus name
• Marlattaspis MacGillivray 1921: 387. Type species: Aspidiotus implicatus Maskell by monotypy and original designation . (= Hemiberlesia lataniae, (Signoret, 1869) ) junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1937: 82)
• Hemiberlesiana Thiem & Gerneck 1934: 232. Type species: Aspidiotus camelliae Signoret by original designation . (= Hemiberlesia rapax, (Comstock, 1881) ) junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1937c: 54)
• Hemiberlesea Gomez-Menor Ortega 1937: 109;. . misspelling of genus name
• Abgrallaspis Balachowsky 1948b: 306. Type species: Aspidiotus cyanophylli Signoret by original designation . (= Hemiberlesia cyanophylli, (Signoret, 1869) ) junior synonym (discovered by NormarMoKr2014: 39)
• Hemiberleisa Balachowsky 1956: 130;. . misspelling of genus name
• Borchseniaspis Zahradnik 1959: 67. Type species: Aspidiotus palmae Morgan & Cockerell, 1893 by monotypy and original designation . (= Hemiberlesia palmae, (Cockerell, 1893) ) junior synonym (discovered by WilliaWa1988: 134) Notes: The type species is actually Aspidiotus palmae Cockerell, 1893.
• Adgrallaspis Chou 1985: 283;. . misspelling of genus name
• Abrallaspis Dziedzicka 1989: 96;. . misspelling of genus name
• Agbrallaspis Dutta & Singh 1990: 1;. . misspelling of genus name
• Agrallaspis Carrillo, et al. 2024: 562;. . misspelling of genus name

Remarks

• Systematics: The genus was considered to be closely related to Abgrallaspis Balachowsky, from which it was distinguished mainly by the large size of the anus (about as wide as a median lobe), and the anus being separated from the base of median lobes at a distance that equals its diameter. In Abgrallaspis the space is longer than the anus diameter (Balachowsky, 1948b; Komosinska, 1969). Takagi (1969a, 1974, and in personal communication, July 20 2002, to Yair Ben-Dov) held the view that Hemiberlesia, as understood by Balachowsky and others, and Abgrallaspis did not seem to be clearly distinguishable from each other. The type species of Hemiberlesia is characterized by the enormously large anal opening, but between the type species of the two genera, there were various species that connect these genera concerning the anal opening as well as the pygidial margin and the dorsal ducts (Takagi, 1969a).

  The genus Hemiberlesia is very similar to Diaspidiotus in having: body pyriform, derm membranous to slightly sclerotized; antennae each 1-segmented with 1 or 2 long setae; and pygidium with 3 pairsof pygidial lobes, L1 strongly developed, L2 and L3 reduced. However, Hemiberlesia can be easily distinguishedfrom Diaspidiotus because the latter has a much smaller anal opening, markedly narrower than a median lobe, withthe posterior edge of the opening separated from the base of the median lobes by a distance at least 2x to slightlymore than 3x the length of the opening. (Liu & Feng, 2018) Genera that were recovered as monophyletic tended to be those that were only represented by few species; some exceptions to this were Clavaspis, Hemiberlesia, and Melissoaspis. However, a change of combination is probably required for H. oxycoccus in order for Hemiberlesia to be considered monophyletic. (Schneider, et al., 2018)

• Structure: Adult female: Scale cover circular or subcircular, dorsum slightly convex, exuviae situated centrally or submarginally. Body pyriform to oval, derm membranous to slightly sclerotized, except pygidium with some stronger sclerotization. Antennae each 1 segmented, bearing 1 or 2 long setae. Perispiracular pores absent. Pygidium with 3 pairs of pygidial lobes: median lobes (L1) strongly developed, second and third lobes (L2 and L3) quite reduced. Plates simple or fringed on postero-lateral edge. Dorsal macroducts longer and broader than ventral microducts, both filiform, 1-barred and more or less expanded apically. Anal opening elliptical to circular, relatively large, wider than or equal in width to a median lobe, distance of posterior edge of opening from base of median lobes about 2x length of anal opening or slightly more. Perivulvar pores, if present, forming 4 groups. (Liu & Feng, 2018)
• General Remarks: Definition and characters by Ferris (1938a), Borchsenius (1950b), Lupo (1953a), Balachowsky (1948b, 1956), Gomez-Menor Guerrero (1962), Takagi (1969a), Velasquez (1971), Bazarov & Shmelev (1971), Stoetzel & Davidson (1974a), Williams & Watson (1988), Danzig (1993) and by Kosztarab (1996).

Keys

• MoghadWa2021: pp.31-33 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of Diaspididae in Iran]
• SmithPEvDo2012: pp.4-Mar ( Adult (F) ) [Key to the Aspidiotinae (Diaspididae) genera similar to the genus Chrysomphalus]
• Hender2011: pp.44-45 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Genera of Diaspididae in New Zealand]
• ClapsDo2003: pp.14 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of South America]
• ColonFMe1998: pp.28-32 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of Puerto Rico]
• Gill1997: pp.24-26 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of California]
• Gill1997: pp.155 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of California]
• Koszta1996: pp.406-407 ( Adult (F) ) [Northeastern North America]
• Danzig1993: pp.169 ( Adult (F) ) [species Europe]
• WolffCo1993: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul]
• BlayGo1993: pp.473, 474 ( Adult (F) ) [Spain]
• Zahrad1990b: pp.74 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
• Zahrad1990b: pp.74 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
• WilliaWa1988: pp.20 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific]
• Terezn1986: pp.83 ( Adult (F) ) [Ukraine]
• Chou1985: pp.283 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of China]
• Chou1985: pp.300 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of China]
• Paik1978: pp.324 ( Adult (F) ) [species South Korea]
• BazaroSh1971: pp.186 ( Adult (F) ) [Central Asia]
• Velasq1971: pp.110 ( Adult (F) ) [Philippines]
• Komosi1969: pp.50 ( Adult (F) ) [Abgrallaspis group]
• Beards1966: pp.502-504 ( Adult (F) ) [Federated States of Micronesia ]
• Davids1964: pp.639-640 ( Adult (F) ) [species North America]
• Danzig1964: pp.646 ( Adult (F) ) [Europe]
• GomezM1962: pp.157 ( Adult (F) ) [Canary Islands]
• Zahrad1959a: pp.548 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
• Zahrad1959: pp.65-67 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
• Zahrad1959: pp.65-67 ( Adult (F) ) []
• Zahrad1959a: pp.548 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
• Zahrad1959: pp.66 ( Adult (F) ) [Czech Republic]
• Balach1958b: pp.230 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotina of Africa]
• Ezzat1958: pp.237-239 ( Adult (F) ) [Egypt]
• GomezM1956: pp.7-8 ( Adult (F) ) [Spain]
• McKenz1956: pp.22 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: California]
• Balach1951: pp.600 ( Adult (F) ) [Mediterranean]
• Borchs1950b: pp.167 ( Adult (F) ) [USSR]
• Zimmer1948: pp.351 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
• GomezM1946: pp.59-61 ( Adult (F) ) [Spain]
• McKenz1946: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
• RuizCa1944: pp.57 ( Adult (F) ) [Spain]
• Ferris1942: pp.34-35 ( Adult (F) ) [species North America]
• Ferris1942: pp.26 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
• Borchs1937: pp.99 ( Adult (F) ) [USSR]
• Borchs1937a: pp.32-33 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic Region]
• Archan1929: pp.189 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic Region]
• Leonar1920: pp.27 ( Adult (F) ) [Italy]
• Leonar1920: pp.90 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of Italy]
• Brain1918: pp.117 ( Adult (F) ) [South Africa]
• Cocker1905b: pp.201 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: Colorado]
• Newell1899: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]

Associated References

• Almeid1969: description, taxonomy, pp. 153
• Archan1929: taxonomy, pp. 89
• Balach1928a: taxonomy, pp. 132
• Balach1948b: description, taxonomy, pp. 297-298, 306-307
• Balach1950b: taxonomy, pp. 490, 535, 545
• Balach1951: taxonomy, pp. 600-601
• Balach1953k: description, taxonomy, pp. 113-114
• Balach1956: description, taxonomy, pp. 14-15, 104-105
• Balach1958b: taxonomy, pp. 158,230
• BazaroSh1971: description, taxonomy, pp. 195-196
• Beards1966: taxonomy, pp. 520
• BenDov1990h: taxonomy, pp. 82
• BenDovGe2003: catalog, pp. 17-18, 518-520
• BerlesLe1896: description, taxonomy, pp. 349-350
• BerlesLe1898a: taxonomy, pp. 131
• BlayGo1993: description, taxonomy, pp. 476, 496
• Borchs1937: taxonomy, pp. 99
• Borchs1937a: description, taxonomy, pp. 33,60
• Borchs1949d: description, taxonomy, pp. 194,239
• Borchs1950b: description, taxonomy, pp. 223
• Borchs1966: catalog, pp. 304,313
• Brain1918: taxonomy, pp. 117,130
• Brimbl1968: taxonomy, pp. 50
• Chou1985: description, taxonomy, pp. 283,299-300,305-306
• ClapsDo2003: taxonomy, pp. 14
• Cocker1897i: taxonomy, pp. 9,12,31
• Cocker1899a: taxonomy, pp. 396
• Cocker1905b: taxonomy, pp. 201
• ColonFMe1998: description, taxonomy, pp. 32, 58
• Danzig1964: taxonomy, pp. 652
• Danzig1993: description, taxonomy, pp. 168-169
• DanzigPe1998: catalog, pp. 271
• Davids1964: description, taxonomy, pp. 639
• DuttaSi1990: taxonomy, pp. 1
• Dziedz1989: taxonomy, pp. 96
• EvansWaMi2009: taxonomy, pp. 62
• Ezzat1958: taxonomy, pp. 239
• Ferris1937c: taxonomy, pp. 51
• Ferris1938a: description, taxonomy, pp. 232
• Ferris1942: taxonomy, pp. 446:26
• Ferris1943a: taxonomy, pp. 95
• Ghauri1962: description, taxonomy, pp. 211
• Gill1997: taxonomy, pp. 32, 155
• GomezM1937: description, taxonomy, pp. 109-110
• GomezM1946: taxonomy, pp. 60
• GomezM1956: description, taxonomy, pp. 50
• GomezM1962: description, taxonomy, pp. 162, 175
• Hadzib1983: taxonomy, pp. 230, 232
• Hender2011: description, pp. 7,8,10-11,14,22,44,9
• Kawai1980: taxonomy, pp. 216
• Komosi1969: description, taxonomy, pp. 78-80
• Koszta1996: description, taxonomy, pp. 406, 410-411, 509
• Kozar1990f: distribution, pp. 143
• Leonar1897: taxonomy, pp. 284
• Leonar1897a: taxonomy, pp. 375
• Leonar1897b: taxonomy, pp. 109,117-119
• Leonar1920: description, taxonomy, pp. 27,89-90
• Lepage1938: catalog, taxonomy, pp. 407
• Lepesm1947: description, taxonomy, pp. 207
• Lindin1908b: taxonomy, pp. 96
• Lindin1937: taxonomy, pp. 186
• Lindin1949: taxonomy, pp. 210
• Lindin1957: taxonomy, pp. 543
• LiuFe2018: diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 576
• Lupo1953a: description, taxonomy, pp. 74-76
• MacGil1921: description, taxonomy, pp. 387,406
• Mamet1949: catalog, taxonomy, pp. 59
• McKenz1937a: taxonomy, pp. 176
• McKenz1938: taxonomy, pp. 2,5
• McKenz1939: taxonomy, pp. 54
• McKenz1943: taxonomy, pp. 152
• McKenz1944: taxonomy, pp. 53
• McKenz1947: taxonomy, pp. 31
• McKenz1950: taxonomy, pp. 99
• McKenz1951: taxonomy, pp. 80
• McKenz1956: taxonomy, pp. 22
• MillerDa1998: taxonomy, pp. 193
• MillerDe2018: history, pp. 7
• MoghadWa2021: diagnosis, key, pp. 32, 131
• MorrisMo1966: taxonomy, pp. 17-18,24,91,115-116
• Muntin1971: taxonomy, pp. 119
• Newell1899: description, taxonomy, pp. 3
• NormarOkMo2019: phylogeny, taxonomy, pp. 54, S1
• RuizCa1944: taxonomy, pp. 57
• Sander1904a: taxonomy, pp. 55-56
• Schmut1959: description, taxonomy, pp. 48, 65-67
• SchneiOkNo2018: phylogenetics, pp.
• Silves1902: taxonomy, pp. 12
• SmithPEvDo2012: taxonomy, pp. 3-4
• StoetzDa1974a: description, taxonomy, pp. 501
• Takagi1969a: description, taxonomy, pp. 76-77
• Takagi1974: taxonomy, pp. 22-24
• Takagi2003: taxonomy, pp. 99
• Tao1999: taxonomy, pp. 67, 90
• ThiemGe1934a: taxonomy, pp. 132,230,232
• UlgentKo2011: taxonomy, pp. 64
• Varshn2002: taxonomy, pp. 17, 25, 31
• Velasq1971: description, taxonomy, pp. 109-110
• WatsonKo2022a: diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 481
• WilliaWa1988: description, taxonomy, pp. 22, 130
• WolffCo1993: taxonomy, pp. 29
• Xie1998: description, taxonomy, pp. 140
• Yasar1995a: description, taxonomy, pp. 36-37, 88
• Zahrad1959: description, taxonomy, pp. 65-67
• Zimmer1948: taxonomy, pp. 358

54 Species