Valid Names Results

Neopulvinaria innumerabilis (Rathvon, 1854) (Coccidae: Neopulvinaria)

This catalog page aggregates the information for all subspecies of Neopulvinaria innumerabilis. If you are looking for information specific to the binomial, click on the link to the nominal trinomial below.

Subspecies:

Neopulvinaria innumerabilis betheli

Neopulvinaria innumerabilis innumerabilis

Nomenclatural History

Coccus innumerabilis Rathvon 1854: 256. Type data: U.S.A.: Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, on Siver Maple and Linden trees.. Syntypes, female, accepted valid name Notes: Depository of type material unknown (Ben-Dov, 1993).
Lecanium acericorticis Fitch 1861: 775. Type data: U.S.A.: New York, Salem, west border of Jarvis Martin's woods, on maple.. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by Fernal1903, 134). Notes: Type material probably lost (Barnes, 1988).
Lecanium acerella Rathvon 1876: 101. Type data: U.S.A.: Pennsylvania, Lancaster County, on maple [=Acer] branches. (. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by Fernal1903, 134). Notes: Depository of type material unknown (Ben-Dov, 1993).
Pulvinaria innumerabilis (Rathvon, 1854); Putnam 1880: 293. change of combination
Pulvinaria tinsleyi King 1900d: 360. Type data: U.S.A.: New Mexico, near Roswell, on Celtis sp.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; junior synonym (discovered by Steinw1946, 7).
Pulvinaria innumerabilis betheli King 1903b: 195. Type data: USA: Colorado, on birch, Betula.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name
Neopulvinaria imeretina Hadzibejli 1955: 233. Type data: REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA: Sakare, Argveta, Yestafoni and Sviri, on grapevine.. Syntypes, female, male, and first instar, Type depository: St. Petersburg: Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, Russia; junior synonym (discovered by DanzigMa1990, 131).
Neopulvinaria innumerabilis (Rathvon, 1854); Hodgson 1994a: 402. change of combination
Neopulvinaria inumerabilis (Rathvon, 1854); Dervišević, et al. 2021: 1. misspelling of species epithet

Common Names

cottony maple scale BenDov1993 Gill1988 HamonWi1984 Stimme1992
cochenille floconneuse de l’érable KondoPe2022a
escama blanda algodonosa de la vid KondoPe2022a
pulvinaria maggiore della vite KondoPe2022a

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 29 | Genera: 50

Anacardiaceae

Rhus | Steinw1946

Aquifoliaceae

Ilex glabra | HamonWi1984

Asteraceae

Solidago | HamonWi1984

Betulaceae

Alnus rubra | Steinw1946
Betula | King1903b King1903b
Carpinus caroliniana | LambdiWa1980

Bignoniaceae

Catalpa bignonioides | UlgentDo2019

Cannabaceae

Celtis | King1900d
Celtis occidentalis | King1900d WilliaKo1972

Cornaceae

Cornus florida | WilliaKo1972
Cornus sanguinea | Canard1966 Hadzib1983

Cucurbitaceae

Cucurbita pepo | BatsanKaKi2017

Ebenaceae

Diospyros kaki | Hadzib1983
Diospyros lotus | Hadzib1983
Diospyros virginiana | WilliaKo1972

Ericaceae

Ceratiola ericoides | HamonWi1984

Fabaceae

Acacia | Hadzib1983
Amorpha fruticosa | Pelliz1977
Gleditsia triacanthos | Canard1966 Takaha1942b
Mimosa | Steinw1946
Phaseolus vulgaris | Hadzib1983
Robinia pseudoacacia | Canard1966 WilliaKo1972

Fagaceae

Fagus grandifolia | WilliaKo1972
Quercus laurifolia | HamonWi1984
Quercus nigra | HamonWi1984
Quercus palustris | LambdiWa1980
Quercus rubra | WilliaKo1972

Grossulariaceae

Ribes nigrum | Philli1962
Ribes uva-crispa | Philli1962 | (= Ribes grossularia)

Hydrangeaceae

Philadelphus coronarius | Canard1966

Juglandaceae

Carya ovata | WilliaKo1972
Juglans nigra | Philli1962
Juglans regia | Hadzib1983

Lauraceae

Lindera benzoin | WilliaKo1972
Sassafras albidum | Baerg1947 | (= Sassafras variifolium)

Lythraceae

Punica granatum | Hadzib1983

Magnoliaceae

Magnolia grandiflora | Steinw1946

Malvaceae

Tilia | Rathvo1854
Tilia americana | Philli1962
Tilia cordata | BatsanKaKi2017
Tilia endochrysea | Hadzib1983
Tilia rubra | BatsanKaKi2017 | Including ssp caucasica (= Tilia caucasica)
Tilia vulgaris | Canard1966

Moraceae

Morus alba | UlgentDo2019

Myricaceae

Morella cerifera | HamonWi1984 | (= Myrica cerifera)

Oleaceae

Fraxinus | BatsanKaKi2017

Platanaceae

Platanus orientalis | BatsanKaKi2017

Rosaceae

Chaenomeles sinensis | BatsanKaKi2017 Hadzib1983 | (= Pseudocydonia sinensis) (= Cydonia vulgaris)
Crataegus monogyna | Canard1966 Hadzib1983 Cocker1897a UlgentErYa2022
Cydonia oblonga | Hadzib1983
Malus | Hadzib1983
Prunus | Cocker1897a
Prunus cerasifera | Hadzib1983 | (= Prunus divaricata)
Prunus cerasus | Hadzib1983
Prunus persica | Hadzib1983 | (= Persica vulgaris)
Pyrus | Hadzib1983
Pyrus communis | Cocker1897a
Rosa canina | BatsanKaKi2017
Spiraea | KozarHuFo1989

Rutaceae

Citrus trifoliata | Hadzib1983 | (= Poncirus trifoliata)

Salicaceae

Populus | Hadzib1983 Philli1962
Salix nigra | WilliaKo1972

Sapindaceae

Acer | Barnes1988 Fitch1861 King1901f Rathvo1876
Acer negundo | King1903b Philli1962
Acer nigrum | WilliaKo1972
Acer platanoides | Hadzib1983
Acer rubrum | WilliaKo1972
Acer saccharinum | Rathvo1854 Steinw1946 Philli1962 | (= Acer dasycarpum),
Aesculus flava | King1903b | (= Aesculus octandra)

Ulmaceae

Ulmus alata | WilliaKo1972
Ulmus thomasii | LambdiWa1980

Vitaceae

Ampelopsis | Steinw1946
Parthenocissus quinquefolia | Canard1966 Steinw1946 Pelliz1977 | (= Ampelopsis quinquefolia),
Parthenocissus tricuspidata | Canard1966 | (= Ampelopsis tricuspidata) (= Ampelopsis veitchii)
Vitis | Hadzib1955 Hodgso1994a
Vitis riparia | Canard1966
Vitis rupestris | Canard1966
Vitis vinifera | Canard1966 Hadzib1955 Hadzib1983 Hodgso1994a King1901f

Foes:

Families: 7 | Genera: 12

Aphelinidae

Coccophagus lycimnia | Bolu2012
Coccophagus maculipennis | KondoPe2022a
Coccophagus palaeolecanii | KondoPe2022a

Chamaemyiidae

Leucopis alticeps | Pelliz1987 | (= Leucopis nigricornis)
Leucopis silesiaca | Pelliz1987

Chrysopidae

Chrysopa | KondoPe2022a

Coccinellidae

Chilocorus bivulnerus | KondoPe2022a
Exochomus quadripustulatus | Pelliz1987
Hyperaspis binotata | KondoPe2022a
Hyperaspis signata | KondoPe2022a

Encyrtidae

Atropates collinsi | KondoPe2022a KondoPe2022a
Encyrtus fuscus | KondoPe2022a
Metaphycus hageni | DervisStMi2024
Metaphycus pulvinariae | KondoPe2022a
Microterys nietneri | KondoPe2022a

Pteromalidae

Eunotus lividus | KondoPe2022a

Pyralidae

Laetilia coccidivora | KondoPe2022a

Associates:

Families: 2 | Genera: 2

Betaflexiviridae

GVA virus | HerrbaAlPr2017

Closteroviridae

GLRaV-1 | HerrbaAlPr2017
GLRaV-3 | HerrbaAlPr2017

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 11

Armenia | BenDov1993

Azerbaijan | Hodgso1994a

Canada

British Columbia | KozarHuFo1989 Treher1915
Ontario | King1901f
Quebec | BenDov1993

Croatia | Masten2009 MastenSe2006

France | Foldi2000 Germai2011 Hodgso1994a

Georgia (Republic of) | Yasnos1995

Italy | BenDov1993 Pelliz1977

Russia | Hodgso1994a

Slovenia | Seljak1995 Seljak2008 Seljak2010

Turkey | UlgentKaKo2013

United States

Arizona | King1903b
Arkansas | Baerg1947
California | Gill1988
Colorado | King1903b
Colorado | King1903b
Florida | BenDov1993 HamonWi1984
Georgia | King1903b
Illinois | BenDov1993
Indiana | BenDov1993
Louisiana | BenDov1993
Mississippi | BenDov1993
New Jersey | BenDov1993
New Mexico | King1900d King1903b
New York | Barnes1988
Oregon | BenDov1993
Pennsylvania | Stimme1992
Rhode Island | King1903b
Tennessee | BenDov1993
Texas | BenDov1993
Utah | BenDov1993
Vermont | King1903b
Virginia | WilliaKo1972
Washington | Cocker1897a
Wisconsin | BenDov1993

Keys

Koszta1996: pp.375 ( Adult (F) ) [Northeastern North America]
Gill1988: pp.85 ( Adult (F) ) [USA, California]
HamonWi1984: pp.87 ( Adult (F) ) [USA, Florida]
WilliaKo1972: pp.119 ( Adult (F) ) [USA, Virginia]

Remarks

Structure: See colour photograph in Hamon & Williams (1984) and Gill (1988) Body of adult female slightly convex, oval to oblong oval. Colour variable on different hosts; specimens from red oak, basswood and silver maple: grey, speckled with black and light brown, with two dark bands on the dorsum near stigmatic areas; specimens from hickory and red maple: dark red with lighter margins; specimens from sycamore: tan with dark brown markings. When mature, it secretes a broad, white, convex ovisac 1–2× body length. Ovisac pushes rear end of female upwards at an angle to the substrate. (Kondo & Pellizzari, 2022a)
Biology: A biparental species in Ontario, Canada (Phillips, 1962). Develops one annual generation in Ontario, Canada (Phillips, 1962), France (Canard, 1966a) and Italy (Pellizzari Scaltriti, 1977). Phenology in the Republic of Georgia by Hadzibejli (1983).
Economic Importance: A pest of grapevine in several European countries and North America (Gill, 1988; Danzig & Matile-Ferrero, 1990; Seljac, 1995). Fortusini et al. (1997) proved under laboratory conditions in Italy that this species transmitted Grapevine Leafroll Virus 1 (GLRV-1) and Grapevine Virus A (GVA). Fortusini et al. (1999) found in Italy that N. innumerablis, Parthenolecanium corni, P. persicae and Pulvinaria vitis were present in vineyrads were natural spread of Grapvine Leafroll disease was recorded.
General Remarks: Good description and illustration of the adult female given by Steinweden (1946), Borchsenius (1957), Hadzibejli (1960, 1983), Canard (1966), Pellizzari Scaltriti (1977), Williamd & Kosztarab (1972), Hamon & Williams (1984), Gill (1988) and by Hodgson (1994a).

Illustrations

Citations

AlmeidDaBe2013: Grapevine leafroll disease transmission, 3
Baerg1947: distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 3-13
Barnes1988: taxonomy, 103
BatsanKaKi2017: distribution, host, 254-255
BenDov1993: catalog, 195-196
Bolu2012: biological control, 110
Borchs1957: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 255-257
Buchne1965: structure, taxonomy, 235
CamachCh2015: distribution, ecology, host, 7, 10, 12
Canard1965: distribution, host, 170
Canard1966: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 189
Cocker1897a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 13-14
Cocker1899a: taxonomy, 394
Danzig1972: distribution, host, 203
DanzigMa1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 131-132
DavidsDiFl1991: chemical control, 1-47
DavidsRa1999: control, economic importance, 1
DervisStGr2021: distribution, host, 1
DervisStMi2024: natural enemies, 3,18,22
DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 114
Fernal1903b: 134-135,139
Fitch1861: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 775
Foldi2000: distribution, host, 82
FoldiGe2018: distribution, 8
FortusScPr1999: distribution, economic importance, host, 121-122
Germai2011: distribution, economic importance, 31-34
Germai2011a: distribution, economic importance, 8
Gill1988: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 85,88-89,98
GillKo1997: distribution, economic importance, host, 161-163
HabiliKoLi2007: virus, virus transmission,
Hadzib1983: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 114-120
HamonWi1984: description, distribution, host, illustration, key, life history, taxonomy, 100-102
HerrbaAlPr2017: GVA virus, 485, 488
Hodgso1994a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 402-404
JaposhBaKi2020: distribution, host, 63
JohnsoLy1988: distribution, economic importance, host,
King1900d: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 360
King1901f: distribution, host, 197
King1903b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 195-196
King1903b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 191-197
KondoPe2022a: control, diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 283-284
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 11
Koszta1996: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 375,383-384
KozarHuFo1989: distribution, host, 74
KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 78
LambdiWa1980: distribution, host, 79
LeMaguFuCh2013: economic importance, host, 416
Lintne1895: distribution, host, 263-305
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 123
Marucc1966: control, economic importance, 99-235
Masten2009: distribution, economic importance, host, 357-368
MastenSe2006: distribution, economic importance, host, 318-322
MastenSiKo2007: distribution, host, life history, 326-329
MetcalMe1993: control, distribution, economic importance, host,
MilholMe1984: distribution, economic importance, host, 1-33
Miller1999: chemical control, 14
Pelliz1977: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 423-430
Pelliz1987: distribution, host, 120
Pelliz1997a: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, taxonomy, 324
PellizChMi2015: distribution, 67
Philli1962: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 499-502
Piper1893: control, distribution, host, life history, 123-127
RakimoBeWh2013: economic importance, 371
Rathvo1854: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 256-258
Rathvo1876: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 101-102
Sander1906: catalog, 6
Seljak1995: chemical control, distribution, host, taxonomy, 265-274
Seljak2008: distribution, host, 121-127
Seljak2010: distribution, host, 105
Steinw1946: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 7-8,21
Stimme1992: control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 25-26
Tang1991: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 278
Treher1915: distribution, 35
Trembl1988a: description, distribution, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy, 248-249
UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 485
UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S117
UlgentKaKo2013: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 23
WatsonLaLa1994: distribution, host, 227
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 210
WilliaBe2009: catalog, taxonomy, 27
WilliaKo1972: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 146-152
Yasnos1995: distribution, economic importance, host, 247-251
Zezlin2003: distribution, economic importance, host, life history, 13-14