Valid Names Results
Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, 1996 (Pseudococcidae: Pseudococcus)Nomenclatural History
- Pseudococcus elisae; Beardsley 1986: 31. misidentification (discovered by GimpelMi1996, 66).
- Pseudococcus elisae; Beardsley 1986a: 31. misidentification Notes: Misidentification of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi in part. The illustration in this publication is of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi
- Pseudococcus elisae; Williams & Watson 1988: 31. misidentification Notes: Misidentification of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi in part. The illustration in this publication is of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi
- Pseudococcus elisae; Williams 1988a: 123. misidentification
- Pseudococcus elisae; Lit, Calilung & Villacarlos 1990: 707. misidentification Notes: Misidentification of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi in part.
- Pseudococcus elisae; Williams & Granara de Willink 1992: 440. misidentification Notes: Misidentification of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi in part. The illustration in this publication is of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi
- Pseudococcus elisae; Ben-Dov 1994: 389. misidentification Notes: Misidentification of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi in part.
- Pseudococcus elisae; Lit & Caillung 1994: 258. misidentification Notes: Misidentification of Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi in part.
- Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller 1996: 66. Type data: MEXICO: Chiapas, on fruit of Musa sp.. Holotype, female, Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name Illustr.
- Psedococcus jackbeardsleyi; Nurkomar, et al., 2021: 7. misspelling of genus name
Common Names
- Jack Beardsley mealybug GimpelMi1996
- Cochinilla harinosa de Jack Beardsley WatsonKoLa2022
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 55 | Genera: 121
- Amaranthaceae
- Celosia | VidyaBh2017
- Anacardiaceae
- Mangifera indica | GimpelMi1996
- Spondias | GimpelMi1996
- Annonaceae
- Annona | GimpelMi1996
- Annona cherimola | GimpelMi1996
- Annona muricata | FoldiKo2006 GimpelMi1996
- Annona squamosa | GimpelMi1996 Shyles2013 Willia2004a
- Apiaceae
- Apium graveolens | GimpelMi1996
- Apocynaceae
- Fernaldia | GimpelMi1996
- Hoya carnosa | GimpelMi1996
- Nerium oleander | GimpelMi1996
- Plumeria | GimpelMi1996
- Araceae
- Aglaonema | GimpelMi1996 ViorenSaMa2025
- Aglaonema commutatum | GimpelMi1996
- Aglaonema simplex | GimpelMi1996
- Alocasia baginda | ViorenSaMa2025
- Anthurium | GimpelMi1996
- Anthurium crystallinum | ViorenSaMa2025
- Dieffenbachia | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Syngonium | ViorenSaMa2025
- Araliaceae
- Aralia | GimpelMi1996
- Polyscias | JansenAl2023
- Schefflera | JansenAl2023
- Arecaceae
- Cocos | GimpelMi1996
- Asparagaceae
- Agave | GimpelMi1996
- Cordyline fruticosa | Shyles2013 | (= Cordyline terminalis)
- Dracaena | GimpelMi1996
- Yucca | GimpelMi1996
- Asteraceae
- Ageratina altissima | Willia2004a | (= Eupatorium odoratum)
- Bidens bipinnata | GimpelMi1996
- Helianthus annuus | ViorenSaMa2025
- Parthenium hysterophorus | GranarGo2018
- Trixis inula | GranarGo2018
- Begoniaceae
- Begonia | GimpelMi1996
- Bixaceae
- Bixa orellana | GranarGo2018
- Boraginaceae
- Cordia curassavica | GimpelMi1996 | (= Varronia curassavica)
- Bromeliaceae
- Ananas comosus | GimpelMi1996
- Cactaceae
- Acanthocereus | GimpelMi1996
- Cactaceae | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Cereus | GimpelMi1996
- Cereus repandus | GimpelMi1996 | (= Cereus peruvianus)
- Coryphantha cubensis | GimpelMi1996 | (= Escobaria cubensis)
- Hylocereus | RezekiHaSa2021
- Melocactus | GimpelMi1996
- Rhipsalis mesembryanthemoides | GimpelMi1996
- Selenicereus undatus | WangZhTi2018 ZarkanErAp2023 | (= Hylocereus undatus)
- Caricaceae
- Carica papaya | GimpelMi1996 ManiJoKa2013
- Convolvulaceae
- Ipomoea | GimpelMi1996
- Ipomoea batatas | GimpelMi1996
- Crassulaceae
- Echeveria | JansenAl2023
- Cucurbitaceae
- Coccinia grandis | GimpelMi1996
- Cucumis melo | GimpelMi1996
- Cucurbita | GimpelMi1996
- Cucurbita pepo | GimpelMi1996
- Cucurbitaceae | GimpelMi1996
- Luffa cylindrica | WangZhTi2018
- Sechium edule | GimpelMi1996
- Trichosanthes cucumerina | Willia2004a
- Dilleniaceae
- Acrotrema costatum | Willia2004a
- Ebenaceae
- Diospyros hispida | GranarGo2018
- Ericaceae
- Ericaceae | GranarGo2018
- Euphorbiaceae
- Acalypha wilkesiana | GranarGo2018
- Codiaeum | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Codiaeum variegatum | GranarGo2018
- Croton | GimpelMi1996
- Euphorbia | Willia2004a | (= Chamaesyce)
- Hura crepitans | GimpelMi1996
- Jatropha | GimpelMi1996
- Jatropha curcas | GranarGo2018
- Manihot aesculifolia | GranarGo2018
- Manihot esculenta | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Manihot pringlei | GranarGo2018
- Fabaceae
- Acacia | GimpelMi1996
- Acosmium subelegans | GranarGo2018
- Aeschynomene americana | GimpelMi1996
- Albizia caribaea | GranarGo2018
- Cajanus cajan | GimpelMi1996 | (= Cajanus indicus)
- Centrosema macrocarpum | GranarGo2018
- Haematoxylum campechianum | GimpelMi1996
- Mucuna | GimpelMi1996
- Phaseolus limensis | GranarGo2018
- Phaseolus lunatus | GimpelMi1996
- Pueraria phaseoloides | GimpelMi1996 | (= Pueraria javanica)
- Tamarindus | GimpelMi1996
- Tamarindus indica | GimpelMi1996
- Geraniaceae
- Pelargonium | GimpelMi1996
- Gesneriaceae
- Streptocarpus | Shyles2013
- Heliconiaceae
- Heliconia | GimpelMi1996
- Iridaceae
- Iris | GimpelMi1996
- Lamiaceae
- Coleus | GranarGo2018
- Mentha | GimpelMi1996
- Ocimum | GimpelMi1996
- Salvia | GimpelMi1996
- Lauraceae
- Persea | GimpelMi1996
- Persea americana | KondoMu2016
- Loranthaceae
- Loranthus | ZarkanFaAp2023
- Lythraceae
- Punica granatum | GimpelMi1996
- Malvaceae
- Abelmoschus esculentus | GimpelMi1996 | (= Hibiscus esculentus)
- Gossypium | GimpelMi1996
- Gossypium barbadense | GimpelMi1996
- Hibiscus | GimpelMi1996
- Hibiscus cannabinus | GimpelMi1996
- Hibiscus rosa-sinensis | SartiaWaNo2016
- Melochia tomentosa | GimpelMi1996
- Theobroma cacao | GimpelMi1996 KondoRaVe2008 Willia2004a KoffiBaDe2025
- Moraceae
- Ficus | GimpelMi1996
- Ficus elastica | GimpelMi1996 GranarGo2018 | var.decora (= Ficus decora),
- Ficus microcarpa | WangZhTi2018
- Ficus tricolor | GimpelMi1996
- Morus | GimpelMi1996
- Moringaceae
- Moringa oleifera | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Musaceae
- Musa | GimpelMi1996 KondoRaVe2008
- Musa acuminata | GranarGo2018
- Musa paradisiaca | GimpelMi1996 | (= Musa sapientum)
- Musa textilis | GranarGo2018
- Myrtaceae
- Eucalyptus | Willia2004a
- Eugenia | GimpelMi1996
- Psidium | GimpelMi1996
- Psidium guajava | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Nephrolepidaceae
- Nephrolepis | Willia2004a
- Nyctaginaceae
- Bougainvillea | Willia2004a
- Oleaceae
- Jasminum multiflorum | Shyles2013
- Orchidaceae
- Cattleya | GimpelMi1996
- Cycnoches | GimpelMi1996
- Dendrobium | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Dendrobium tortile | GimpelMi1996
- Mormolyca | GimpelMi1996
- Paphiopedilum | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Phyllanthaceae
- Aporosa octandra | Willia2004a | var.malesiana (= Aporusa aurita)
- Piperaceae
- Piper nigrum | GimpelMi1996
- Poaceae
- Cymbopogon citratus | GimpelMi1996
- Zea mays | GimpelMi1996
- Polygonaceae
- Rumex | GimpelMi1996
- Proteaceae
- Macadamia | GimpelMi1996
- Rubiaceae
- Coffea | KondoRaVe2008
- Coffea arabica | GimpelMi1996
- Gardenia jasminoides | GimpelMi1996
- Rutaceae
- Citrus | GimpelMi1996 KondoRaVe2008
- Citrus aurantiifolia | GimpelMi1996
- Citrus aurantium | KondoRaVe2008
- Citrus latifolia | JansenAl2023
- Citrus paradisi | GimpelMi1996 GranarGo2018
- Citrus sinensis | GranarGo2018
- Sapindaceae
- Blighia sapida | GimpelMi1996
- Litchi chinensis | GimpelMi1996
- Nephelium | GimpelMi1996
- Nephelium lappaceum | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Sapotaceae
- Chrysophyllum cainito | GimpelMi1996
- Solanaceae
- Capsicum | GimpelMi1996
- Capsicum annuum | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Capsicum frutescens | GranarGo2018
- Physalis peruviana | GimpelMi1996
- Physalis pubescens | GimpelMi1996
- Solanum | GimpelMi1996
- Solanum lycopersicum | GermaiMiPa2014 GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a | (= Solanum esculentum)(= Lycopersicon esculentum)
- Solanum melongena | GimpelMi1996
- Solanum tuberosum | GimpelMi1996
- Solanum virginianum | Sirise2012 | (= Solanum xanthocarpum)
- Urticaceae
- Pilea microphylla | GranarGo2018
- Verbenaceae
- Lantana | Willia2004a
- Lantana camara | GimpelMi1996
- Vitaceae
- Vitis | GimpelMi1996
- Zingiberaceae
- Alpinia | GimpelMi1996
- Alpinia purpurata | GimpelMi1996
- Etlingera | GranarGo2018 | (= Phaeomeria)
- Zingiber officinale | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
Foes:
Families: 6 | Genera: 8
- Chrysopidae
- Mallada desjardinsi | PooranAnTh2024 | (= M. boninensis)
- Plesiochrysa ramburi | SattayUrSu2016
- Coccinellidae
- Cryptolaemus montrouzieri | ManiJoKa2013
- Scymnus (Pullus) coccivora | PooranAnTh2024
- Scymnus spicatus | PooranAnTh2024
- Cordycipitaceae
- Lecanicillium lecanii | GintinDjTu2020
- Encyrtidae
- Aenasius advena | PooranAnTh2024 WyckhuGrBu2017
- Lycaenidae
- Spalgis epius | AlfredDAsPa2020
- Signiphoridae
- Chartocerus | PooranAnTh2024
Associates:
Families: 2 | Genera: 2
- Betaproteobacteria
- Candidatus Tremblaya princeps | ChoiLe2022
- Caulimoviridae
- Cacao swollen shoot virus | KoffiBaDe2025
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 61
- Andaman Islands | JoshiSuRe2021
- Aruba | GimpelMi1996
- Bahamas | GimpelMi1996
- Barbados | GimpelMi1996
- Belize | GimpelMi1996
- Brazil | GimpelMi1996
- Espirito Santo | CulikMaVe2007
- Para | WatsonKoLa2022
- Pernambuco | PachecKaSi2019
- Rio Grande do Sul | FoldiKo2006
- Brunei | Willia2004a
- Canada | GimpelMi1996
- China
- Hainan | WangZhTi2018
- Xinjiang Uygur (=Sinkiang) | WangZhTi2018
- Colombia | GimpelMi1996 Kondo2001 KondoRaVe2008
- Costa Rica | GimpelMi1996
- Cote d'Ivoire (=Ivory Coast) | NGuessWaBr2014
- Cuba | GimpelMi1996
- Dominican Republic | GimpelMi1996
- El Salvador | GimpelMi1996
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Caroline Islands | GimpelMi1996
- French Polynesia | MatileWi2015
- Galapagos Islands | GimpelMi1996
- Grenada | WatsonKoLa2022
- Guadeloupe | MatileEt2006
- Guatemala | GimpelMi1996
- Guyana (=British Guiana) | WatsonKoLa2022
- Haiti | GimpelMi1996 PerezG2008
- Hawaiian Islands
- Hawaii | GimpelMi1996
- Honduras | GimpelMi1996
- India
- Kerala | VidyaBh2017
- Tamil Nadu | ManiJoKa2013
- Indonesia
- Flores | Gavril2017b
- Irian Jaya | Gavril2013
- Java | NurkomTrAi2021 Willia2004a
- Sumatra | ZarkanErAp2023 ZarkanFaAp2023
- Sumatra | ZarkanFaAp2023
- Jamaica | GimpelMi1996
- Kampuchea (=Cambodia) | MuniapShWa2011
- Kiribati | MuniapShWa2011
- Laos | GrazioMiAl2015
- Malaysia | Willia2004a
- Sabah | WatsonKoLa2022
- Maldives | Willia2004a
- Martinique | GimpelMi1996
- Mexico | GimpelMi1996
- Montserrat | WatsonKoLa2022
- Netherlands | JansenAl2023
- Nicaragua | WatsonKoLa2022
- Nicobar Islands | JoshiSuRe2021
- Panama | GimpelMi1996
- Panama Canal Zone | GimpelMi1996
- Papua New Guinea | MuniapShWa2011
- Peru | MatileWi2015
- Philippines | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Puerto Rico & Vieques Island
- Puerto Rico | GimpelMi1996
- Reunion | Germai2013 GermaiMiPa2014
- Saint Helena | MatileWi2015
- Saint Martin & St. Barthelemy
- Saint Martin | MatileEt2006
- Seychelles | GermaiAtBa2008
- Singapore | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Sri Lanka | Sirise2012
- Suriname | JansenAl2023
- Taiwan | GimpelMi1996
- Thailand | GimpelMi1996 Willia2004a
- Trinidad and Tobago | GimpelMi1996
- Turks and Caicos Islands | WatsonKoLa2022
- Tuvalu | MuniapShWa2011
- U.S. Virgin Islands | GimpelMi1996
- United States
- Florida | GimpelMi1996
- Texas | GimpelMi1996
- Venezuela | GimpelMi1996 | GimpelMi1996
- Vietnam | Willia2004a
Keys
- ViorenSaMa2025: pp.1023 ( Adult (F) ) [Mealybug species found on ornamental plants in West Java, Indonesia]
- CaballKo2024: pp.8 ( Adult (F) ) [Species associated with coffee roots in Colombia]
- RezekiHaSa2021: pp.3115-3116 ( Adult (F) First instar ) [Species on dragon fruit in Indonesia]
- JoshiSuRe2021: pp.118-119 ( Adult (F) ) [Field characters of mealybugs in cassava]
- JoshiSuRe2021: pp.119-120 ( Adult (F) ) [Microscopic characters of mealybugs in cassava]
- Suh2019a: pp.2-6 ( Adult (F) ) [mealybugs intercepted in S. Korea]
- GranarGo2018: pp.10-14 ( Adult (F) ) [Central & South American Pseudococcus]
- LiLiWa2018: pp.538-539 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of Pseudococcus]
- VonEllWa2016: pp.77 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcus species present in the New World]
- ParsaKoWi2012: pp.10-Aug ( Adult (F) ) [Key to mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) recorded on Manihot spp. (Euphorbiaceae) in the World]
- Willia2004a: pp.668-669 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcus species of southern Asia]
- GimpelMi1996: pp.19 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
- GimpelMi1996: pp.137 ( Immature (F) ) [World]
Remarks
- Systematics: GenBank accesssion (Costa Rica, KT956119.1)
This species has been most commonly confused with P. elisae Borchsenius and (P. landoi (Balachowsky) (see Gimpel & Miller, 1996). Substantial morphological variation in slide-mounted specimens was observed among Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi specimens. The presence of discoidal pores in a sclerotized area associated with each eye, and translucent pores on the hind femur and tibia, are important characters in the identification of P. jackbeardsleyi, which has been previously recorded as having 21‒69 translucent pores on the femur (Gimpel & Miller 1996). However, in the 54 specimens studied here, the number of pores found on the hind femora were quite variable, with a wider range of 0‒117 translucent pores. (Pacheco da Silva, et al., 2019)
- Structure: This mealybug is greyish in colour; thin filaments around the body, caudal pair about one half of the length of the body, and ovisac covering hind part of the body (Williams 2004a). Body of the female oval to elongate. Antenna 8 segmented. Legs well developed, translucent pores present on hind femur and hind tibia. Discoidal pores present near eye on sclerotised rim. Cerarii 17 pairs. Anal lobe cerari with 2 conical setae and many trilocular pores on sclerotised area. All other cerarii on a membranous area. Anal lobe and penultimate cerari with oral collar tubular duct between them. Ventral surface with slender setae. The invasive mealybug is grayish in color; thin filaments around the body, caudal pair about one half of the length of the body, and ovisac covering hind part of the body. (Mani, et al., 2013)
- Economic Importance: This species has been most commonly collected on banana, tomato, potato, pepper and Hibiscus (Gimpel & Miller, 1996). There is no evidence that the species occurs in Canada (Rosita Dimitrova personal communication January 21, 2019) either through quarantine or in greenhouses
- General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Gimpel & Miller (1996) and by Williams (2004a). The description and illustration of the adult female by Williams & Granara de Willink (1992) should be used while considering the comments of Gimpel & Miller (1996). Description and illustration of third instar female by Gimpel & Miller (1996).
Illustrations
Citations
- AlfredDAsPa2020: economic importance, host, natural enemies, 995
- AlvareLiLu2020: phylogeny, 5
- Beards1986: distribution, host, taxonomy, 31
- CaballKo2024: illustration, key, morphology, 8-9
- CaballPaKa2021: distribution, 10
- CaballRaGi2018: distribution, host, 120
- CaldweLe2024: biology, control, diagnosis, host, 4
- ChenShCh2024: molecular biology, 3
- ChoiLe2022: endosymbiont, phylogeny, 358,359,362
- CulikMaVe2007: distribution, host, 1-5
- DiazNiPiMe2023: biology, diagnosis, economic control, host, illustration, life cycle, male, morphology, 8, 26
- FoldiKo2006: distribution, host, 309
- Gavril2013: distribution, 76
- Gavril2017b: distribution, 144
- Germai2013: distribution, host, taxonomy, 509-510
- GermaiAtBa2008: distribution, host, 129-135
- GermaiMiPa2014: distribution, host, 24
- GimpelMi1996: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 66-72, 142-144
- GintinDjTu2020: entomopathogenic fungi,
- GranarGo2018: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key, taxonomy, 4-14, 31
- GrazioMiAl2015: climate change, distribution, economic importance, host, 1071-1073
- GuoLiZh2024: DNA, genome,
- HardyGuHo2008: molecular data, phylogeny, taxonomy, 51-71
- JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 30,35
- JoshiRaAm2024: economic importance, 1
- JoshiSuRe2021: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, key,
- KoffiBaDe2025: DNA, ant association, distribution, host, natural enemies, virus transmission, 11
- Kondo2001: distribution, host, taxonomy, 38
- KondoMu2016: distribution, host, illustration, 11
- KondoRaVe2008: distribution, host, 42-43
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 25
- KondoWa2024: distribution, 2
- LondonKoCa2014: distribution, host, illustration,
- ManiJoKa2013: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, molecular data, 242-245
- MartinLa2011: catalog, distribution, host, 48
- MatileEt2006: distribution, host, 183
- MatileWi2015: distribution, host, 73
- Meurge2011: distribution, 82
- MuniapShWa2011: distribution, host, 168,171
- NGuessWaBr2014: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 1690-1693
- NGuessYaNg2019: distribution, host, 4
- NurkomTrAi2021: distribution, host,
- OliveiSaOl2023: DNA, phylogeny, 6
- PachecKaSi2019: DNA, distribution, host, phylogeny, 534-535
- PalmaJBl2016: distribution, illustration, morphology, phylogeny, record,
- PalmaJBl2017: molecular biology,
- PalmaJBlGu2019: description, distribution,
- ParsaKoWi2012: taxonomy, 8-10
- PerezG2008: distribution, 217
- PiyaphSuTa2018: behavior, climate change, 737–742
- PooranAnTh2024: economic importance, host, illustration, natural enemies, 526, 529, 534
- PooranJoTh2022: diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration,
- PuigWuSu2021: virus transmission,
- PumnuaIn2016: chemical control, 1-10
- RenAsHu2017: DNA, phylogeny, 5, 6
- RezekiHaSa2021: diagnosis, host, illustration, key, morphology, 3115
- RodrigNaVa2019: distribution, host, 470
- RohimaRaSa2024: DNA, host, illustration, molecular biology, phylogeny, record,
- SartiaSaSy2020: diagnosis, distribution, history, host, illustration, record, 32
- SartiaWaNo2016: description, distribution, economic importance, host, 5
- SattayUrSu2016: biological control, natural enemies, 460-464
- SchneiLa2020: ant association, 288
- Shyles2013: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 106-107
- ShylesJo2012: dispersal, 272
- Sirise2012: description, distribution, host, structure, 366
- Suh2019a: key, 3
- TapajoLiSi2016: biological control, natural enemies, 93-100
- TokunaSeUt2018: distribution, host, 143
- VidyaBh2017: distribution, host, natural enemies, 214
- ViorenSaMa2025: distribution, host, illustration, key, morphology, survey, 1022
- VonEllWa2016: distribution, host, key, morphology, structure, 74-82
- WangZhTi2018: DNA, GVA virus, diagnosis, distribution, genebank, host,
- WatsonKoLa2022: control, diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 196-197
- Willia1988b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 123
- Willia2004a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 691-693
- WilliaGr1992: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 440-443
- WilliaMa2012: distribution, host, taxonomy, 90, 91
- WilliaWa1988: taxonomy,
- WyckhuGrBu2017: ecology, host, natural enemies, 1-18
- XiYaLi2024: DNA, control, molecular biology,
- YaylaKaCa2024: distribution, host plant, 61
- ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 186
- ZarkanErAp2023: distribution, host, 169
- ZarkanFaAp2023: distribution, host, 208
