Valid Names Results
Cryptostigma Ferris, 1922 (
Coccidae)
Nomenclatural History
- Cryptostigma
Ferris
1922: 160.
Type species: Cryptostigma ingae Ferris
by monotypy and original designation
.
(= Cryptostigma inquilina, (Newstead) )
accepted valid name
Remarks
- Systematics: Subfamily: Myzolecaniinae. Tribe: Myzolecaniini.
Gullan et al. (1993) suggested that Cryptostigma could become a junior synonym of the much older name Myzolecanium, but that a systematic revision of the group would be necessary before making such a decision. Hodgson (1994) also considered Cryptostigma to be close to Myzolecanium, based on comparison of the type species of each genus. (Kondo, 2010b) Cryptostigma can be differentiated from Myzolecanium by the following combination of features (character states of Myzolecanium in parentheses): (i) dorsal microducts usually with a short terminal filament (terminal filament usually very long, about 10× as long as width of outer rim of duct); (ii) perivulvar pores either restricted to around vulva or present around vulvar area and on nearby abdominal segments (perivulvar pores restricted to small area around vulva); (iii) stigmatic setae totalling 0–3 in each cleft (if present, numbering 20–100 in each cleft); (iv) ventral microducts usually monolocular, with short inner ductules (bilocular, with long inner ductules); (v) legs reduced, often represented by a group of setae and a small sclerotic plate, never completely absent (legs reduced or completely absent); (vi) each anal plate with 4–21 dorsal setae (with 15–50 setae); and first-instar nymph with (vii) antennae each 5- or 6-segmented; each coxa not associated with a nearby seta; with 1 or 2 membranous folds just anterior to anal plates; and usually with 3 ventral submedian setae, rarely up to 5, or many setae on all abdominal segments and thorax, never in 6 pairs (antennae each 6-segmented; each coxa associated with a nearby seta; area just above anal plates membranous, showing no signs of sclerotization; and ventral submedian setae 6 pairs). (Kondo & Pacheco da Silva, 2022)
- Structure: The genus Cryptostigma is currently included in the subfamily Myzolecaniinae, a group erected by Hodgson (1994a) to include species with the following combination of features: lack of (i) dorsal tubular ducts and (ii) eyespots; and the presence of: (iii) anal plates with numerous setae on dorsal surface, (iv) particularly large spiracles, with broad bands of spiracular disc-pores between margin and spiracles, (v) ventral tubular ducts of only one type, frequently restricted to a group on each side of genital opening, (vi) bands of (often rather spinose) setae replacing the normal pairs of long pregenital setae, (vii) reduced legs with claw digitules, (viii) reduced antennae, and (ix) a short anal tube. (Kondo, 2010b) Most first-instar nymphs of Cryptostigma can be diagnosed by the following combination of features (adapted and modified from Kondo 2010): dorsum with 1 or 2 membranous folds just anterior to anal plates, always showing signs of sclerotization; venter with antennae each 5 or 6 segmented; without a seta present near each coxa; ventral submedian setae usually numbering 3 (rarely up to 5)
pairs, or with many setae on all abdominal segments and thorax, never arranged in 6 pairs. (Kondo & Roubik, 2022)
- Biology: Most members of the genus Cryptostigma are found internally on their host plants in hollow branches, or trunks in association with ants. (Kondo, 2010b)
- General Remarks: Definition and characters given by Williams & Watson (1994) and by Hodgson (1994a).
Keys
- Kondo2011: pp.3
(
Adult (F)
)
[Key to genera of New World Myzolecaniinae based on adult females]
- Kondo2010b: pp.7
(
First instar
)
[Key to separate Cryptostigma Ferris from morphologically similar Houardia Marchal and Myzolecanium Beccari based on adult female and first-instar nymphs]
- Kondo2010b: pp.7
(
Other
)
[Key to separate the male and female instars of Cryptostigma Ferris]
- KondoWi2009: pp.13-14
(
Adult (F)
)
[Genera of New World Myzolecaniinae]
- QinGu1989: pp.225-226
(
Adult (F)
)
[world]
Associated References
- BenDov1993:
catalog, pp. 97-99
- Ferris1922:
description, taxonomy, pp. 160
- Hodgso1990:
description, taxonomy, pp. 220
- Hodgso1994a:
description, taxonomy, pp. 204-207
- Kondo2010b:
distribution, taxonomy, pp. 4-5
- Kondo2010b:
taxonomy, pp. 4
- KondoPa2022:
diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 257-258
- KondoRo2022:
diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 545
- KondoWi2009:
taxonomy, pp. 13-14
- MorrisMo1966:
taxonomy, pp. 52
- QinGu1989:
taxonomy, pp. 221-232
- Roubik2021:
ant association, ecology, pp.
- Steinw1929:
description, taxonomy, pp. 234
- WilliaWa1990:
description, taxonomy, pp. 60-61,99-101
18 Species
