Valid Names Results
Rastrococcus Ferris, 1954 (Pseudococcidae)Nomenclatural History
- Rastrococcus Ferris 1954a: 55. Type species: Phenacoccus iceryoides Green by original designation . accepted valid name
- Rostrococcus Tang 1992: 410;. . misspelling of genus name
Remarks
- Systematics: Subfamily: Rastrococcinae (Choi & Lee, 2022) Buchner (1957) suggested that Rastrococcus should be included in a family separate from Pseudococcidae, because the endosymbionts in species of this genus achieved symbiotic adaptations bearing no resemblance to the Pseudococcus or Puto types. Tremblay (1989) reiterated this interpretation. However, there are no grounds, based on morphology of the adult female, for excluding Rastrococcus from the family Pseudococcidae. Choi and Lee (2022) considered Rastrococcus species as belonging to a separate subfamily having an apomorphic morphological feature if priority is given to a particular trait instead of assigning high value to their synapomorphic traits with
Phenacoccinae.
The adult females of Rastrococcus have a peculiar formation of the cerarian setae that are likely to support lateral wax filaments (Cox, 1987). The structure and number of cerarii are taxonomically significant for classifying the mealybugs at various levels.In general, Rastrococcus species have multiple truncated conical setae (ca. 10–20 setae) on each cerarius (in total 14–17 pairs, usually 17) accompanied by trilocular pores but without auxiliary setae. In contrast, the adult females of typical species of Phenacoccinae and Pseudococcinae have two or a few more ‘conical’ setae (usually 2) on each cerarius, the latter numbering at most 18 pairs (usually 17 or 18, but some species have more or less than this number) with accompanying trilocular pores and often with slender auxiliary setae. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence plus the type of obligate endosymbionts, Rastrococcus is excluded from Pseudococcinae and elevated to the subfamily Rastrococcinae by Choi & Lee, 2022.
- Structure: Diagnostic characteristics of adult females. (i) cerarian setae truncated conical in shape, about 7–20 setae on each anal lobe; (ii) cerarii 10–17 pairs in number (mostly 17 pairs); (iii) cerarian trilocular pores larger than those on the rest of derm except for some species; (iv) antenna 9-segmented; (v) quinquelocular pores present, with one or two sizes; (vi) dorsal setae conical or lanceolate; (vii) claw with a denticle but sometimes absent. (Choi & Lee, 2022)
- Biology: The obligate endosymbionts of this group belong to a lineage of Flavobacteriia. (Choi & Lee, 2022)
- General Remarks: Definition and characters by Williams (1985, 1989), Cox (1987), Williams & Watson (1988a), Tang (1992) and by Williams (2004a).
Keys
- ZarkanErAp2023: pp.158 ( Adult (F) ) [Mealybug genera in Indonesia]
- ZarkanFeDj2023: pp.4 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcidae on citrus in Indonesia]
- PachecKaSi2019: pp.529 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera on annonaceous plants]
- DanzigGa2014: pp.138 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to genera of g/g Puto]
- Willia2004a: pp.41 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of southern Asia]
- Tang1992: pp.409-410 ( Adult (F) ) [species Palaearctic & Oriental region ]
- Tang1992: pp.384 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic & Oriental region]
- Willia1989: pp.439 ( Adult (F) ) [species World]
- WilliaWa1988a: pp.17 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific Region]
- AvasthSh1987: pp.42 ( Adult (F) ) [species India]
- AvasthSh1987: pp.2 ( Adult (F) ) [India]
- Cox1987: pp.13 ( Adult (F) ) [New Zealand]
- Willia1985: pp.36 ( Adult (F) ) [Australia]
- Wang1982TC: pp.21 ( Adult (F) ) [China]
Associated References
- AvasthSh1987: taxonomy, pp. 41
- BenDov1994: catalog, pp. 434
- Buchne1957a: symbionts, taxonomy, pp. 111-148
- ChoiLe2022: DNA, morphology, taxonomy, pp. 366
- Cox1987: description, taxonomy, pp. 81
- DanzigGa2014: taxonomy, pp. 138, 178
- Ferris1954a: description, taxonomy, pp. 55
- Gavril2021b: reproduction, pp. 245
- KondoSaWa2022: diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 207
- MorrisMo1966: taxonomy, pp. 172
- PachecKaSi2019: host, key, pp. 529
- Tao1999: taxonomy, pp. 26
- Willia1985: description, taxonomy, pp. 340-341
- Willia1989: description, taxonomy, pp. 438
- Willia2004a: description, taxonomy, pp. 714-716
- WilliaWa1988a: description, taxonomy, pp. 204
- ZarkanErAp2023: key, pp. 159
31 Species
- Rastrococcus adinandrae
- Rastrococcus asteliae
- Rastrococcus balinensis
- Rastrococcus banksiae
- Rastrococcus biggeri
- Rastrococcus chinensis
- Rastrococcus expeditionis
- Rastrococcus fransenii
- Rastrococcus iceryoides
- Rastrococcus invadens
- Rastrococcus jabadiu
- Rastrococcus kendariensis
- Rastrococcus lamingtoniensis
- Rastrococcus mangiferae
- Rastrococcus matileae
- Rastrococcus melaleucae
- Rastrococcus monachus
- Rastrococcus namartini
- Rastrococcus neoguineensis
- Rastrococcus nepalicus
- Rastrococcus nivalis
- Rastrococcus pseudospinosus
- Rastrococcus rubellus
- Rastrococcus spinosus
- Rastrococcus stolatus
- Rastrococcus taprobanicus
- Rastrococcus tropicasiaticus
- Rastrococcus truncatispinus
- Rastrococcus vicorum
- Rastrococcus viridarii
- Rastrococcus wilsoni
