Valid Names Results

Lepidosaphes newsteadi (Sulc, 1895) (Diaspididae: Lepidosaphes)

Nomenclatural History

Mytilaspis newsteadi Sulc 1895a: 8-12. Type data: CZECHOSLOVAKIA: on Pinus silvestris. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Abbotsford: Department of Entomology, Museum of Victoria, Victoria, Australia; accepted valid name Illustr.
Lepidosaphes newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Fernald 1903b: 312. change of combination
Mytilaspis (Lepidosaphes) newsteadi Sulc, 1895; Lindinger 1907: 6. change of combination
Mytilococcus newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Lindinger 1936: 149. change of combination
Insulaspis newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Borchsenius 1963: 1173. change of combination
Leucaspis newsteadi (Sulc, 1895); Soria et al. 2000: 339. change of combination

Common Names

Newstead scale MillerDa1990
Newstead's scale Merril1953
pine oysterhell scale KosztaKo1988F

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 5 | Genera: 10

Apocynaceae

Nerium oleander | Moghad2013a

Cupressaceae

Chamaecyparis pisifera | Merril1953 | (= Retinospora leptocladav)
Cryptomeria japonica | Balach1954e
Juniperus bermudiana | Balach1954e

Pinaceae

Abies | Balach1954e
Abies alba | Schmut1951 | (= Picea excelsa)
Abies bornmuelleriana | UlgentDo2019
Abies cephalonica | SzitaFeBe2017
Abies nordmanniana | WilliaEd1985 | ssp. equi-trojani (= Abies nordmanniana bornmuelleriana)
Abies pinsapo | UlgentDo2019
Cedrus | WilliaEd1985
Cedrus libani | WilliaEd1985
Picea | Balach1954e
Picea pungens | MatilePe2002
Pinus | Merril1953
Pinus mugo | Boraty1955 WilliaEd1985 | including ssp. mughus)
Pinus nigra | Bodenh1953
Pinus sylvestris | BugajNJuKa2021 Sulc1895a

Sciadopityaceae

Sciadopitys verticillata | Colema1903

Theaceae

Camellia | Balach1954e
Camellia japonica | Kuwana1902 | (= Thea japonica)

Foes:

Families: 3 | Genera: 6

Aphelinidae

Ablerus | Simmon1957 | (= Azotus)
Aphytis | UlgentErKa2008
Aphytis mytilaspidis | Balach1954e
Encarsia aurantii | Balach1954e | (= Prospaltella aurantii)
Encarsia intermedia | HertinSi1972 | (= Prospaltella intermedia)
Encarsia leucaspidis | Balach1954e | (= Prospaltella leucaspidis)
Encarsia lounsburyi | HertinSi1972 | (= Aspidiotiphagus lounsburyi )
Pteroptrix dimidiata | Yasnos1978

Coccinellidae

Rhyzobius lophanthae | HertinSi1972 | (= Lindorus lophanthae)

Hemisarcoptidae

Hemisarcoptes malus | HertinSi1972

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 22

Austria | Boraty1955 Malump2011a

Bermuda | Balach1954e

Bulgaria | KosztaKo1988F Tsalev1968

Croatia | MastenSi2008

Czech Republic | Sulc1895a

France | Balach1954e Foldi2001

Germany | Ferris1938a SchmutHo2016

Greece | SzitaFeBe2017

Hungary | BognarVi1979

Iran | DanzigPe1998

Iraq | DanzigPe1998

Italy | Ferris1938a MatilePe2002

Sicily | Costan1950 LongoMaPe1995

Japan

Honshu | Kuwana1902

Lebanon | WilliaEd1985

Netherlands | Balach1954e

Norway | Gertss2001 WilliaEd1985

Poland | KotejaZa1983 SimonKa2011 Szulcz1926

Romania | KosztaKo1988F

Sweden | DanzigPe1998

Switzerland | Balach1954e

Turkey | Bodenh1949 NormarOkMo2019

United States

Alabama | WaltmaRaWi2016
California | Colema1903
Connecticut | Britto1923
Florida | Merril1953
Mississippi | Ferris1938a Miller2005

Keys

MillerWiDa2006: pp.35-37 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to the conifer infesting species of Lepidosaphes]
Danzig1993: pp.247 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
KosztaKo1988F: pp.347 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
Danzig1971d: pp.841 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of family Diaspididae] Key as: Lepidosaphes newsteadi
Willia1971: pp.449 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Insulaspis on Coniferae]
Balach1954e: pp.34 ( Adult (F) ) [Tableau de détermination des espèces du g. Lepidosaphes]
Ferris1942: pp.SIV-446:56 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
Britto1923: pp.378 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Connecticut species of Lepidosaphes]
Leonar1903: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Mytilaspis]

Remarks

Systematics: Balachowsky (1954e) gives good characters to separate Lepidosaphes newsteadi from L. maskelli (=L. pallida (Maskell)).
Structure: Scales of both sexes pale brown and quite slender. Adult female about 1.0 mm long. Derm at full maturity showing a tendency to be somewhat sclerotized from the 2nd abdominal segment to the end of the body (Ferris, 1938a).
Biology: One yearly generation. Fertilized females overwinter and lay 7-56 eggs per female in Germany, from the end of April until late May. Eggs hatch in 40-50 days; adults develop by early August (Schmutterer, 1952).
Economic Importance: Miller & Davidson (1990) list this insect as a pest.
General Remarks: Detailed descriptions and illustrations by Ferris (1938a) and Bodenheimer (1953). Table of taxanomic characters distinguishing conifer infesting species in Miller, Williams & Davidson (2006).

Illustrations

Citations

AndersWuGr2010: phylogeny, taxonomy, 997-1003
Balach1933a: taxonomy, 40
Balach1954e: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 34, 83-86
Bennet1974: biological control, 88
Bodenh1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 121, 130-131
Bodenh1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 19-21
BognarVi1979: distribution, host, 18
Boraty1955: distribution, host, 67
Borchs1950b: distribution, taxonomy, 184
Borchs1963: taxonomy, 1173
Borchs1966: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 65
Britto1923: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 378, 379
BugajNJuKa2021: distribution, host, list, 299
Colema1903: distribution, host, 74
Costan1950: distribution, host, 13
Danzig1971d: taxonomy, 841
Danzig1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 247, 265-266
DanzigPe1998: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 287-288
DooleySm2013: catalog, 12
DouttDe1964: distribution, host, 121
Fernal1903b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 312
Ferris1938a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, SII-146
Ferris1942: taxonomy, SIV-446:56
FetykoKoDa2010: distribution, 295
Fjeldd1996: distribution, host, 18
Foldi2001: distribution, 306
FoldiGe2018: distribution, 10
Gertss2001: distribution, 127, 128
Greath1973: distribution, host, 30
GruwelWoKo2016: phylogeny, 175, 176
Hellri2004: distribution, host, 87
HertinSi1972: biological control, 183
Komosi1969a: taxonomy, 267
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 17
KosztaKo1988F: biological control, description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 351
KotejaZa1983: distribution, host, 483
Kozar1980: distribution, host, 69
Kozar2009a: distribution, 583
KozarSzFe2013: distribution, list of species, 86, 100, 117, 137, 153, 174, 188, 209
KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 84
Kozarz1986: distribution, taxonomy, 308
Kuwana1902: distribution, host, 81
Kuwana1907: distribution, host, 202
Kuznet1967: taxonomy, 256
Lagows1998a: ecology, 65
LagowsGo2020: distribution, 69
LagowsKo1996: distribution, taxonomy, 32
Leonar1898: taxonomy, 47
Leonar1903: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 29, 55-57
Leonar1920: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 151, 170-171
Lindin1907: taxonomy, 6
Lindin1912b: taxonomy, 252
Lindin1935: taxonomy, 139
Lindin1936: taxonomy, 149
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 127
LongoMaPe1999a: distribution, 144
Lupo1939: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 71, 119-123
MacGil1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 285
Malump2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 54,56-57
MalumpKa2011a: distribution, host, illustration, 54,57
MastenSi2008: catalog, distribution, host, 105-118
MatilePe2002: distribution, host, 357
Merril1953: distribution, host, taxonomy, 58
Mesnil1949: description, distribution, host, life history, taxonomy, 74-83
Miller2005: distribution, 487
MillerDa1990: economic importance, taxonomy, 303
MillerWiDa2006: description, taxonomy, 25, 36, 40-42
Nishid2002: catalog, 142
NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, 24, 59, S6
Pelliz1976: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 13-16
RoversBaFa1993: distribution, host, 53
Ryan1946: distribution, economic importance, 125
Ryan1946: distribution, 125
Schmut1951: host, taxonomy, 129
Schmut1959: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 158, 164-167
SchmutHo2016: distribution, host, illustration, 63, 94
Simmon1957: biological control, catalog, distribution, host, 4
Simmon1958a: distribution, host, 601
SimonKa2011: distribution, 240
SoriaMoVi2000: distribution, host, 339
Sulc1895a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 8-12 ,19
SzitaFeBe2017: distribution, host, 469
Szulcz1926: distribution, host, taxonomy, 140
Takaha1955e: taxonomy, 73
Tang2001: taxonomy, 4
Teodor2018: distribution, history, 43
Terezn1975: taxonomy, 57, 73
TrenchTo2014: distribution, 70
UlgentDo2019: distribution, host, 484
UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S120
ViggiaJe1985: taxonomy, 879
WaltmaRaWi2016: distribution, 231
Willia1971: distribution, host, taxonomy, 449
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 228
WilliaBe2009: catalog, 33
WilliaEd1985: distribution, host, taxonomy, 45
Wolff1911: taxonomy, 80
Yanin1971: distribution, taxonomy, 46
Yanin1975: distribution, taxonomy, 43
Yasnos1978: biological control, distribution, 494, 500
Zahrad1952: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 162, 166-170
Zahrad1972: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 425-426
Zahrad1977: host, 120