Valid Names Results

Lindingaspis rossi (Maskell, 1892) (Diaspididae: Lindingaspis)

Nomenclatural History

Aspidiotus rossi Maskell 1892: 11. Type data: AUSTRALIA: Melbourne, Sydney and Adelaide, on Nerium oleander.. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (DeitzTo1980,42). Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; accepted valid name Notes: Maskell (1892: 11) incorrectly credited the authorship to "Crawford".
Aspidiotus (Chrysomphalus) rossi Maskell, 1892; Cockerell 1897i: 27. change of combination
Chrysomphalus rossi (Maskell, 1892); Leonardi 1897: 286. change of combination
Melanaspis rossi (Maskell, 1892); Lindinger 1910b: 41. change of combination
Aspidiotus rosei Maskell, 1892; Kasargode 1914: 134. misspelling of species epithet
Aonidiella subrossi Laing 1929: 25. Type data: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, on Acacia rubra; collected by W.W. Froggatt.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; junior synonym (discovered by Willia1963b, 10). Illustr.
Chrysomphalus niger Laing 1929a: 493. Type data: AUSTRALIA: host plant not indicated.. Syntypes, female, junior synonym (discovered by Borchs1966, 344). Notes: Type material not available in BMNH (Jon Martin, The Natural History Museum, January 27, 2003, private communication to Yair Ben-Dov); depository of type material unknown.
Lindingaspis rossi (Maskell, 1892); Ferris 1938a: 246. change of combination
Melanaspis subrossi (Laing, 1929); Lindinger 1943a: 147. change of combination
Lindingraspis rossi; Chou 1986: 695. misspelling of genus name

Common Names

araucaria black scale VelasqRi1969
Ross scale SchmutKlLu1957
Ross's black scale DeitzTo1980
round black scale SchmutKlLu1957
black araucaria scale McKenz1956

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 60 | Genera: 110

Acanthaceae

Avicennia marina | MilleHeCa2016 | var. resinifera
Avicennia officinalis | Cohic1958

Alseuosmiaceae

Alseuosmia macrophylla | Hender2011

Altingiaceae

Liquidambar styraciflua | Hender2011

Anacardiaceae

Mangifera indica | Brimbl1955 Takagi1970 Takaha1929
Pistacia terebinthus | BjelisMaJa2024
Schinus terebinthifolia | WilliaWa1988

Apocynaceae

Alstonia constricta | Brimbl1955
Carissa | Ramakr1921a
Carissa carandas | Green1919c Ramakr1919a
Nerium | Ferris1938a
Nerium oleander | Brimbl1955 Laing1929 McKenz1956

Araliaceae

Fatsia japonica | Hender2011
Hedera | Hender2011
Hedera helix | Brimbl1955 McKenz1956 RosenDe1979
Meryta sinclairii | Hender2011

Araucariaceae

Araucaria | Almeid1971 McKenz1956
Araucaria angustifolia | BlayGo1993 GomezM1954 Martin1983 WilliaWa1988 | (= Araucaria brasiliensis)
Araucaria bidwillii | Balach1938a Brimbl1955 Ferris1920b Zimmer1948
Araucaria columnaris | Borchs1966 Brimbl1955 Mamet1943a Mamet1949 | (= Araucaria cookii, Araucaria excelsa)
Araucaria cunninghamii | Borchs1966 Brimbl1955 Mamet1943a Mamet1949
Araucaria heterophylla | Hender2011
Araucaria hunsteinii | Brimbl1955

Arecaceae

Arecaceae | Brimbl1955 Hall1929
Butia capitata | BjelisMaJa2024
Cocos nucifera | Ferris1938a Laing1927 Takagi1970 Takaha1932a Takaha1933
Howea forsteriana | RosenDe1979 | (= Kentia)
Phoenix | RosenDe1979
Phoenix canariensis | Hender2011 RosenDe1979
Rhopalostylis sapida | Hender2011
Trachycarpus fortunei | BjelisMaJa2024

Argophyllaceae

Corokia buddleioides | Hender2011
Corokia cotoneaster | Hender2011

Asparagaceae

Lomandra longifolia | Brimbl1955

Asphodelaceae

Xanthorrhoea | Brimbl1955 Maskel1893b McKenz1956
Xanthorrhoea glauca | JansenAl2023

Asteraceae

Artemisia | McKenz1956
Olearia furfuracea | Hender2011

Boraginaceae

Cordia | Hender2011

Buxaceae

Buxus sempervirens | BjelisMaJa2024

Calophyllaceae

Calophyllum inophyllum | Takagi1970 Takaha1929

Capparaceae

Capparis | Frogga1914 Green1937 Ramakr1919a Ramakr1921a
Capparis mitchellii | Brimbl1955
Capparis moonii | Green1896e

Celastraceae

Cassine curtipendula | WilliaWa1988 | (= Elaeodendron curtipendulum)
Elaeodendron curtipendulum | WilliaWa1988
Euonymus | Brimbl1955 Laing1929 McKenz1956
Euonymus japonicus | Green1929
Maytenus | Brimbl1955 | (= Celastrus)
Maytenus bilocularis | Brimbl1955 | (= Celastrus bilocularis )

Clusiaceae

Garcinia | Green1937

Crassulaceae

Kalanchoe pinnata | Takagi1970 Takaha1929 | (= Bryophyllum calycinum)

Cunoniaceae

Callicoma serratifolia | Brimbl1955

Cupressaceae

Sequoia | Ferris1938a McKenz1956
Sequoia sempervirens | Hender2011

Cycadaceae

Cycas | Ramakr1919a Ramakr1921a

Ebenaceae

Diospyros eriantha | Takagi1970 Takaha1935
Diospyros glabra | Balach1958b | (= Royena glabra)

Elaeagnaceae

Elaeagnus | Hender2011

Elaeocarpaceae

Aristotelia serrata | Hender2011

Ericaceae

Arbutus unedo | BjelisMaJa2024
Styphelia | Laing1929

Euphorbiaceae

Acalypha | Ferris1938a McKenz1956 | (= Ricinocarpus)
Croton acronychioides | Brimbl1955
Mallotus philippensis | Brimbl1955

Fabaceae

Acacia | Laing1929 Willia1963b
Acacia aulacocarpa | Brimbl1955
Acacia concurrens | Brimbl1955 | (= Acacia cunninghamii)
Acacia fimbriata | Brimbl1955
Acacia penninervis | Brimbl1955
Acacia saligna | Balach1958b
Carmichaelia australis | Hender2011
Hovea longifolia | Brimbl1955

Fagaceae

Castanopsis cuspidata | Kuwana1909 | (= Pasania cuspidata)

Garryaceae

Garrya elliptica | Hender2011

Griseliniaceae

Griselinia littoralis | Hender2011

Juglandaceae

Juglans regia | BjelisMaJa2024

Lamiaceae

Hyssopus | McKenz1956

Lauraceae

Laurus nobilis | Hender2011
Persea americana | KondoMu2016

Lecythidaceae

Barringtonia | Ramakr1919a Ramakr1921a
Barringtonia acutangula | Ramakr1919a

Loganiaceae

Geniostoma | Hender2011 Hender2011

Loranthaceae

Benthamina alyxifolia | Brimbl1955 | (= Loranthus alyxifolius)
Loranthus | Balach1958b

Lythraceae

Punica granatum | BalikaKoPr2011

Malvaceae

Abutilon | McKenz1956
Hoheria | Hender2011

Meliaceae

Owenia venosa | Brimbl1955

Moraceae

Ficus | McKenz1956
Ficus carica | BjelisMaJa2024
Ficus pumila | Takagi1970 Takaha1932a Takaha1933
Morus alba | BjelisMaJa2024

Myrtaceae

Callistemon salignus | Brimbl1955
Callistemon speciosus | GranarCl2003
Eucalyptus | Ferris1938a Laing1929 McKenz1956 Newste1917b
Eucalyptus resinifera | Brimbl1955
Eucalyptus robusta | Laing1929 | (= Eucalyptus rostrata)
Eucalyptus siderophloia | Brimbl1955
Feijoa sellowiana | BjelisMaJa2024
Leptospermum petersonii | Brimbl1955 | (= Leptospermum citratum)
Lophostemon confertus | Brimbl1955 | (= Tristania conferta)
Lophostemon suaveolens | Brimbl1955 | (= Tristania suaveolens)
Melaleuca leucadendra | Brimbl1955
Melaleuca viminalis | Brimbl1955
Syzygium oleosum | Brimbl1955 | (= Eugenia coolminiana)

Oleaceae

Ligustrum lucidum | Hender2011
Nestegis apetala | WilliaWa1988 | (= Olea apetala)
Olea europaea | WilliaWa1988 Brimbl1955 McKenz1956 | ssp. cuspidata (= Olea verrucosa),
Syringa vulgaris | BjelisMaJa2024

Orchidaceae

Dendrobium kingianum | Brimbl1955

Pandanaceae

Pandanus tectorius | Brimbl1955 | (= Pandanus pedunculatus)

Phyllanthaceae

Cleistanthus cunninghamii | Brimbl1955

Pinaceae

Pinus | Balach1958b Hall1929
Pinus mugo | Hender2011
Pinus radiata | BjelisMaJa2024
Pseudotsuga menziesii | Hender2011

Pittosporaceae

Pittosporum undulatum | Laing1929

Plantaginaceae

Veronica | Laing1929

Podocarpaceae

Podocarpus elatus | Brimbl1955

Polygonaceae

Coccoloba | McKenz1956 | (= Coccolobis)

Proteaceae

Banksia | Frogga1914
Banksia integrifolia | Brimbl1955
Banksia serrata | Frogga1914
Buckinghamia celsissima | Brimbl1955
Grevillea robusta | Balach1958b Hall1929
Leucadendron | Suh2016
Macadamia ternifolia | Brimbl1955 MilleHeCa2016
Stenocarpus sinuatus | Brimbl1955

Rhizophoraceae

Kandelia | Takaha1929
Kandelia candel | Takagi1970

Rosaceae

Cotoneaster | BjelisMaJa2024
Malus domestica | BjelisMaJa2024
Malus sylvestris | Timlin1964a
Pyracantha koidzumii | Takagi1970 Takaha1935
Rubus fruticosus | BjelisMaJa2024

Rubiaceae

Gardenia | McKenz1956

Rutaceae

Acronychia wilcoxiana | Brimbl1955 | (= Pleiococca wilcoxiana)
Citrus | Green1930b Lepage1938 McKenz1956
Citrus glauca | Brimbl1955 | (= Eremocitrus glauca)
Citrus limon | BjelisMaJa2024
Citrus maxima | Hender2011 | (= Citrus grandis)
Citrus sinensis | Hender2011
Geijera parviflora | NormarOkMo2019
Nematolepis squamea | Hender2011
Phebalium | RosenDe1979

Salicaceae

Scolopia oldhamii | Takagi1970

Sapindaceae

Alectryon connatus | Brimbl1955
Cupaniopsis anacardioides | Brimbl1955
Diploglottis cunninghamii | Brimbl1955 | (= Diploglottis australis)

Theaceae

Camellia | McKenz1956
Camellia japonica | Brimbl1955

Vitaceae

Parthenocissus quinquefolia | BjelisMaJa2024
Vitis | Takagi1970
Vitis vinifera | BjelisMaJa2024

Foes:

Families: 2 | Genera: 3

Aphelinidae

Aphytis africanus | RosenDe1979
Aphytis chrysomphali | Zimmer1948
Aphytis ignotus | RosenDe1979
Aphytis merceti | RosenDe1979
Encarsia citrina | Zimmer1948 | (= Aspidiotiphagus citrinus)

Encyrtidae

Habrolepis obscura | AnneckIn1971 Prinsl1983

Geographic Distribution

Countries: 43

Angola | Almeid1969 Almeid1973b

Argentina | Nakaha1982

Buenos Aires | GranarCl2003
Tucuman | GranarCl2003

Australia | Borchs1966 Brimbl1955 Leonar1914 Mamet1943a Maskel1891

New South Wales | Laing1929 Willia1963b
Queensland | NormarOkMo2019
Tasmania | BjelisMaJa2024
Victoria | Laing1929

Azores | BenDovSoBo2012 FrancoRuMa2011

Brazil

Sao Paulo | Green1930b Lepage1938

Cameroon | Vayssi1913

Canary Islands | BjelisMaJa2024

Chile | Nakaha1982

Santiago | BjelisMaJa2024

China | Ferris1938a

Colombia | KondoMu2016

Croatia | BjelisMaJa2024

Egypt | Badr2014

France | FoldiGe2018

Guinea | Nakaha1982

Hawaiian Islands

Hawaii | Nakaha1982

India

Andhra Pradesh | Varshn2002
Madhya Pradesh | Green1919c Varshn2002
Maharashtra | Varshn2002
Tamil Nadu | Green1919c

Italy

Sicily | LongoMaPe1995

Japan | Ferris1938a Kuwana1909 Kuwana1917a

Madeira Islands | Balach1938a FrancoRuMa2011

Mauritius | Borchs1966 Mamet1943a Mamet1949

Mexico | Nakaha1982

Monaco | BjelisMaJa2024

Mozambique | Almeid1971

Netherlands | JansenAl2023

New Caledonia | Cohic1958 Nakaha1982 WilliaWa1988

New Zealand | CharleHe2002 Ferris1938a Green1929

North Island | NormarOkMo2019

Norfolk Island | WilliaWa1988

Peru | Nakaha1982

Philippines | Cocker1899j Ferris1938a VelasqRi1969

Portugal | FrancoRuMa2011 Seabra1942

Reunion | GermaiMiPa2014 Mamet1957

Sierra Leone | Hargre1937

South Africa | Balach1958b Brain1919 BrainKe1917 Newste1917b RosenDe1979

South Korea | BjelisMaJa2024

Spain | BlayGo1993 GomezM1954 Martin1983

Sri Lanka | Green1896e Ramakr1921a

Taiwan | Takagi1970 Takaha1929 Takaha1932a Takaha1935 WongChCh1999

Tanzania | Nakaha1982

Thailand | BjelisMaJa2024

Togo | Nakaha1982

United States

California | Ferris1920b McKenz1950 McKenz1956

Western Samoa | Laing1927

Zimbabwe | Nakaha1982

Keys

SchneiClWe2020: pp.67-71 ( Adult (F) ) [Aspidiotini in Argentina]
EvansWaMi2009: pp.63-67 ( Adult (F) ) [Diaspididae species found on avocado]
MillerDa2005: pp.29-34 ( Adult (F) ) [Field Key to Economic Armored Scales]
WilliaWa1988: pp.172 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific]
Chou1985: pp.321 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of China]
Willia1963b: pp.13 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
Balach1958b: pp.166 ( Adult (F) ) [Africa]
McKenz1956: pp.26 ( Adult (F) ) [U.S.A.: California]
McKenz1950: pp.109 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
Ferris1942: pp.35 ( Adult (F) ) [North America]
Kuwana1933: pp.26 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
Kuwana1933b: pp.49 ( Adult (F) ) [Japan]
Fullaw1932: pp.95-97, 107 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
Brain1919: pp.198 ( Adult (F) ) [South Africa]
Robins1917: pp.24 ( Adult (F) ) [Philippines]
Green1896e: pp.40 ( Adult (F) ) [Sri Lanka]

Remarks

Systematics: Lindingaspis rossi comprises two well-supported lineages representing a relatively large degree of genetic variation – potentially indicating cryptic species diversity. (Shneider, et al., 2018)
Structure: Scale of the female quite flat, circular, very dark brown or black, exuviae almost central and almost pitchy black; scale of the male slightly elongate oval, dark brown, exuvia near one end; a quite thick ventral scale is formed by the female and this includes the ventral portion of the second exuvia (Ferris, 1938a). Illustration of female scale by Froggatt (1914). Colour photograph by Gill (1997) and by Wong et al. (1999).
Biology: The scales occur on the leaves (Ferris, 1938a).
Economic Importance: The published records (see Distribution) of this polyphagous species, show a disjunct distribution in Australia, Africa, Mediterranean Basin, North and South America. It has been considered a pest of Citus in New Zealand (Charles, 1998), USA, California (Gill, 1997), and in southern Africa (Schmutterer et al., 1957), of oil palm in Sierra Leone (Schmutterer et al., 1957), and Araucaria in California (Gill, 1997)
General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Froggatt (1914), Laing (1929), Ferris (1938a), Balachowsky (1951, 1958b), Brimblecombe (1955), McKenzie (1950, 1956), Chou (1985, 1986), Gill (1997) and by Zamudio & Claps (2005).

Illustrations

BjelisMaJa2024

Citations

AbdRabEv2021: distribution, host, 36
Almeid1969: biological control, description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 31
Almeid1971: distribution, host, 13
Almeid1973b: distribution, host, 10
AlmeidPeMa2018: distribution, host, 355
AndersWuGr2010: molecular data, 992-1003
AnneckIn1971: biological control, distribution, host, 14
Badr2014: distribution, host, 51
Balach1938a: distribution, host, 151
Balach1951: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 590-593
Balach1958b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 180-182
BalikaKoPr2011: distribution, host, 579
BenDov1990c: taxonomy, 112
BenDovGe2003: catalog, 587-591
BjelisMaJa2024: biology, distribution, history, host, illustration, morphology,
BlayGo1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 621-625
Borchs1966: catalog, 344-345
Brain1919: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 201-202
BrainKe1917: distribution, 184
Brimbl1955: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 45-51
BrownEa1967: control, distribution, economic importance, host, 1-72
BurgerUl1990: economic importance, 313-327
CampbeLaHu2014: phylogeny, 532, 534
Castel1951a: biological control, 95-98
Charle1998: biological control, distribution, economic importance, 51N
CharleHe2002: distribution, economic importance, host, 587-615
Chou1985: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 321-322
Chou1986: illustration, taxonomy, 695
ClapsDo2003: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 24
ClapsWoGo2001a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 21
Cocker1896b: distribution, 335
Cocker1897i: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 27
Cocker1899j: distribution, host, 274
Cocker1899j: distribution, host, 274
Cohic1958: distribution, host, 14
Collar1918: distribution, host, 154-162
Conway1951: distribution, host, 159-164
Craw1896: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 34
DEDAC1923: distribution, host,
DanzigPe1998: catalog, 299-300
DeSant1979: biological control,
DeitzTo1980: 40,42
DoaneFe1916: distribution, host, 401
DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 116
Ebelin1949: control, distribution, host, life history,
EvansWaMi2009: taxonomy, 63-67
Fernal1903b: 293
Ferris1920b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 55
Ferris1938a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 246
Ferris1941d: taxonomy, 347
Ferris1941e: taxonomy, 48
Ferris1942: taxonomy, 446:35
Fletch1951: chemical control, distribution, host, 1-24
Foldi2001: distribution, 303-308
FoldiGe2018: distribution, 10
FrancoRuMa2011: distribution, 14,24
Frogga1914: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 317
Frogga1915: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 21-22
FrohliRo1970: distribution, economic importance, host, 1-10
Fullaw1932: taxonomy, 95,107
Fuller1897c: distribution, host, 4
Fuller1907: control, description, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy, 1031-1057
FurnisCa1977: distribution, host, 111
GermaiMiPa2014: distribution, 23
Gill1997: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 189,191,193
GiraldWiDo2024: behavior, distribution, host, Dataset S4
GomezM1954: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 129-132
GomezM1958a: distribution, host, 8
GranarCl2003: distribution, host, 625-637
Green1896e: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 45-46
Green1919c: distribution, host, 439
Green1929: distribution, host, 377
Green1930b: distribution, host, 214
Green1937: catalog, distribution, host, 331
Greig1944: control, distribution, host,
GruwelWoKo2016: phylogeny, 173-176
Hall1929: distribution, host, 356
Hargre1937: distribution, economic importance, host, 505-520
Hender2011: description, distribution, host, illustration, structure, taxonomy, 10,34,114-115,231-2
JansenAl2023: dispersal, host, 27,34
Kasarg1914: distribution, host, taxonomy, 134
KondoKa1995a: distribution, host, 97-98
KondoMu2016: distribution, host, illustration, 6-7
KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 18
Kuwana1909: distribution, host, 154
Kuwana1917a: distribution, taxonomy, 176
Kuwana1927: distribution, host, 72
Kuwana1933: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 26,32-33
Laing1927: distribution, host, 42
Laing1929: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 25-27
Laing1929a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 493-494
Leonar1897: taxonomy, 286
Leonar1899: taxonomy, 199-200,202
Leonar1914: distribution, host, 207
Lepage1938: catalog, 400
Lindin1909c: distribution, host, taxonomy, 449
Lindin1910b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 41
Lindin1943a: taxonomy, 147
Lindin1957: taxonomy, 546
Lobdel1937: taxonomy, 78
LongoMaPe1995: distribution, 127
Lounsb1914: distribution, host, 1
Lounsb1916: distribution, host, 83-103
Lounsb1922: distribution, host, 205-210
MacGil1921: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 421
Mallam1954: distribution, 24-60
Mamet1943a: 163
Mamet1949: catalog, 61
Mamet1957: distribution, 369
Martin1983: distribution, host, taxonomy, 65
Maskel1891: description, distribution, taxonomy, 3
Maskel1892: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 11-12
Maskel1893b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 207
Maskel1898: distribution, host, taxonomy, 224
Maskew1916: distribution, host, 308-309
McKenz1939: taxonomy, 54
McKenz1950: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 104-105,119
McKenz1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 75-77
MilleHeCa2016: distribution, economic importance, host, 141
MillerDa1990: distribution, economic importance, host, 303
MillerDa2005: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 272-274
Nakaha1982: distribution, host, 52
Newste1917b: distribution, host, 132
NiuLiXu2024: DNA sequencing, S1 Table
NormarOkMo2019: distribution, host, phylogeny, 25, S2, S6
Prinsl1983: biological control, distribution, 27
PruthiMa1945: control, distribution, host, life history, 1-42
Ramakr1919a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 18
Ramakr1921a: catalog, distribution, host, 355
Ramakr1930: distribution, host, taxonomy, 22
Robins1917: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 25-26
RosenDe1979: biological control, distribution, host, 341-344,542-545,
RossHaOk2012: phylogeny, taxonomy, 199
RugmanAnMo2010: molecular data, phylogenetics, taxonomy, 30-38
Ruther1915a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 107
SchmutKlLu1957: distribution, economic importance, host, 492
SchneiClWe2020: key, 68
SchneiFiNo2019: key, taxonomy, 93
SchneiOkNo2018: phylogenetics, phylogeny,
SchneiOkNo2018: phylogeny,
Seabra1942: distribution, 2
ShiLi1991: distribution, host, 165
Suh2016: distribution, host, key, 322, 328
SwaileAwSh1976: biological control, distribution, ecology, host, life history, 257-263
Takagi1970: distribution, host, taxonomy, 138
Takaha1929: distribution, host, 81-82
Takaha1932a: distribution, host, 103
Takaha1933: distribution, host, 25-34
Takaha1935: distribution, host, 3-4
Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 97
Timber1924: biological control, distribution, host,
Timlin1964a: distribution, host, 531-535
Valent1963: biological control, 6-13
Valent1967: biological control, 1100
Varshn2002: distribution, host, 32
Vayssi1913: distribution, host, 431
VelasqRi1969: distribution, host, 195-208
Watson2001: list, 177
Whitne1933: distribution, host, 59-70
Willia1963b: distribution, host, 10,13
Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 231
WilliaWa1988: distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 172-173,176
WongChCh1999: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 28,70
Zahrad1959b: distribution, host, 60
Zahrad1990: description, distribution, host, 643
ZamudiCl2005: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 266-267
Zimmer1948: biological control, description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 367-368