Valid Names Results
Formicococcus Takahashi, 1928 (Pseudococcidae)Nomenclatural History
- Formicococcus Takahashi 1928a: 253. Type species: Formicococcus cinnamomi Takahashi by original designation . accepted valid name
- Formicicoccus Lindinger 1932f: 197;. . misspelling of genus name
- Planococcoides Ezzat & McConnell 1956: 53. Type species: Pseudococcus njalensis Laing by original designation . junior synonym (discovered by Willia2004a: 272)
- Lachnodiopsis Borchsenius 1960e: 923;. Type species: Lachnodiopsis szemaoensis Borchsenius by original designation . incorrect synonymy (discovered by ZhangWu2017: 65)
- Drymococcus Borchsenius 1962a: 221;. DanzigGa2015 . incorrect synonymy (discovered by ZhangWu2022: 165)
- Anaparaputo Borchsenius 1962a: 224. Type species: Anaparaputo liui Borchsenius by original designation . junior synonym (discovered by ZhangWu2022: 159)
- Indococcus Ali 1967a: 35. Type species: Indococcus pipalae Ali by monotypy and original designation . junior synonym (discovered by Willia2004a: 272)
- Formicoccus Wang 1982: 20;. . misspelling of genus name
- Formicoccus Tang 1984b: 125;. . misspelling of genus name
- Formicoccus Tang 2001: 3;. . misspelling of genus name
Remarks
- Systematics: Subfamily: Pseudococcinae (Choi & Lee, 2022) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:52462B3D-80E2-4729-85E0-E952839A44FB
Recent authors (Danzig & Gavrilov-Zimin, 2015; Williams, 2004a) disagree about the use of the anal bar and anal ring as generic characters in the classification of Formicococcus and Paraputo. Danzig & Gavrilov-Zimin (2015) reject the use of the presence of the anal bar as a generic character state because of its variability and use the presence of more than 6 setae in the anal ring as a critical generic character state. Williams (2005) rejects the use of more than 6 setae in the anal ring as a generic character state and follows the use of the presence of an anal bar as important consistent with the use of previous authors (Ezzat & McConnell 1956; Cox 1989; McKenzie 1967). He supports his hypothesis by discussing examples of specimens that have more than 6 setae on one side of the anal ring and 6 on the other. Zhang & Wu (2022) have adopted the view of Williams (2004) and Zhang & Wu (2017), using the presence of an anal lobe bar as a genus-level character distinguishing Formicococcus from Paraputo. ScaleNet has been fairly consistent in incorporating the decisions of the most recent publication which in this case would be Zhang & Wu (2022). This decision invalidates the transfer of Drymococcus rhizophilus to Formicococcus. The monotypic genus Anaparaputo Borchsenius differs from other genera by having large oral collar tubular ducts on all abdominal segments and lateral to each anterior coxa. However, this character is also present in some Formicococcus species. Zhang & Wu (2022), therefore, considered Anaparaputo (which had been placed as a junior synonym of Paraputo by Danzig & Gavrilov-Zimin (2015)) as a junior synonym of Formicococcus.
- Structure: Body of adult female with anal lobe bars present. Cerarii numbering 3–18 pairs; sometimes cerarian setae present in tufts, associated with a group of trilocular pores; auxiliary setae present or absent. Anal lobe cerarii each bearing 2 or more cerarian setae, each seta either conical or with a flagellate tip. Anterior abdominal cerarii each usually containing more than 2 conical or flagellate setae; if numbering only 2, then auxiliary setae often present also. Antennae each with 6–8 segments. Legs well developed; hind leg with translucent pores on coxa and often on tibia, sometimes present also on femur; often tibia + tarsus shorter than trochanter + femur. Claw stout, often curved, without a denticle. (Tanaka. 2022) Slide-mounted adult female broadly oval to rotund, membranous. Anal lobes developed, each with an anal lobe bar. Antennae each with 6‒8 segments. Legs well developed and robust, with femur often about twice as wide as tibia; hind leg normally with translucent pores on coxa, sometimes also on femur and tibia; claw without a denticle. (Moghaddam & Watson, 2022)
- General Remarks: Definition and characters by Takahashi (1928a), Ferris (1955), Ezzat & McConnell (1956), Tu et al. (1988), Tang (1992) and by Williams (2004a).
Keys
- ZarkanErAp2023: pp.158 ( Adult (F) ) [Mealybug genera in Indonesia]
- MoghadWa2022: pp.20-22 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcidae in Iran]
- Tanaka2022: pp.336 ( Adult (F) ) [Mealybugs with anal lobe bars, without oral rim ducts in Asia]
- DongZhWu2017: pp.594-595 ( Adult (F) ) [Pseudococcinae in China]
- DanzigGa2015: pp.16 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic genera]
- Willia2004a: pp.43 ( Adult (F) ) [Genera of southern Asia]
- Willia2004a: pp.273-274 ( Adult (F) ) [Formicococcus species of southern Asia]
- WuZh2001: pp.204-205 ( Adult (F) ) [Formicoccus species of China]
- Tang1992: pp.276 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic and Oriental Region] Key as: Drymococcus
- Tang1992: pp.287 ( Adult (F) ) [species Palaearctic & Oriental regions]
- Tang1992: pp.341 ( Adult (F) ) [China]
- Tang1992: pp.277 ( Adult (F) ) [Palaearctic and Oriental Region]
- Tang1992: pp.293 ( Adult (F) ) [species Palaearctic & Oriental regions]
- Cox1989: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [World]
- TuWuLe1988: pp.73 ( Adult (F) ) [Taiwan]
- TuWuLe1988: pp.76 ( Adult (F) ) [species Taiwan]
- TuWuLe1988: pp.73 ( Adult (F) ) [Taiwan]
- TuWuLe1988: pp.76 ( Adult (F) ) [species Taiwan]
- AvasthSh1987: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [India]
- AvasthSh1987: pp.4 ( Adult (F) ) [India]
- Wang1982TC: pp.21 ( Adult (F) ) [China] Key as: Drymococcus
Associated References
- Afifi1968: taxonomy, pp. 106
- Ali1967a: description, taxonomy, pp. 35
- BenDov1994: catalog, pp. 119, 169 ,203, 350
- Borchs1960e: description, taxonomy, pp. 923
- DanzigGa2015: description, key, taxonomy, pp. 16-19
- DongZhWu2017: key, pp. 595
- EzzatMc1956: description, taxonomy, pp. 35,53
- Ferris1955: description, taxonomy, pp. 4
- Gavril2021b: reproduction, pp. 245
- JoshiBiGu2020: diagnosis, genebank, pp. 393
- Lindin1932f: taxonomy, pp. 197
- Moghad2013: distribution, taxonomy, pp. 8, 28
- MoghadWa2022: key, pp. 21, 62-63
- MorrisMo1966: taxonomy, pp. 81,157
- Takaha1928a: description, taxonomy, pp. 253
- Tanaka2022: diagnosis, key, taxonomy, pp. 335
- Tang1992: description, taxonomy, pp. 292-293, 358
- Tang2001: taxonomy, pp. 3
- Tao1999: taxonomy, pp. 17, 23
- TuWuLe1988: description, taxonomy, pp. 75,78
- Willia2004a: description, taxonomy, pp. 272-274
- WilliaMa2005a: taxonomy, pp. 150-152
- WuZh2001: description, taxonomy, pp. 200-205
- ZarkanErAp2023: key, pp. 159
- ZhangWu2022: diagnosis, taxonomy, pp. 158
47 Species
- Formicococcus acanthodes
- Formicococcus acerneus
- Formicococcus anaboranae
- Formicococcus bambusicola
- Formicococcus bambusiphilus
- Formicococcus bambusus
- Formicococcus burckhardti
- Formicococcus cameronensis
- Formicococcus celtis
- Formicococcus cinnamomi
- Formicococcus citricola
- Formicococcus cocotis
- Formicococcus crassus
- Formicococcus delonicola
- Formicococcus dispersus
- Formicococcus eriobotryae
- Formicococcus erythrinae
- Formicococcus formicarii
- Formicococcus formicarius
- Formicococcus formosus
- Formicococcus greeni
- Formicococcus ireneus
- Formicococcus kawaii
- Formicococcus kawali
- Formicococcus latens
- Formicococcus lindingeri
- Formicococcus lingnani
- Formicococcus liui
- Formicococcus macarangae
- Formicococcus mangiferacola
- Formicococcus matileae
- Formicococcus monticola
- Formicococcus mumensis
- Formicococcus njalensis
- Formicococcus pauliani
- Formicococcus polysperes
- Formicococcus robustus
- Formicococcus rotundatus
- Formicococcus schimae
- Formicococcus sibolangiticus
- Formicococcus simplicior
- Formicococcus sinensis
- Formicococcus speciosus
- Formicococcus tectonae
- Formicococcus tripurensis
- Formicococcus yanglingensis
- Formicococcus yoshinoi
