Valid Names Results
Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya, 1930 (Diaspididae: Lepidosaphes)Nomenclatural History
- Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya 1930a: 91. Type data: TURKMENISTAN: Pulihatum, on Pistacia vera, 20/07/1927, by P.G. Estifjev. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (Danzig1993,258). Type depository: St. Petersburg: Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, Russia; accepted valid name
- Mytilococcus pistaciae (Archangelskaya, 1930); Bodenheimer 1943: 7. change of combination
- Lepidosaphes pistacicola Borchsenius 1949b: 343. Type data: TURKMENISTAN: Kushka; ARMENIA: Legvaz Megrinskii, on Pistacia vera and P. mutica, 05/28/1947, by N. Borchsenius. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (Danzig1993,258). Type depository: St. Petersburg: Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, Russia; junior synonym (discovered by Danzig1993, 258). Illustr.
- Pistaciaspis pistaciae (Archangelskaya, 1930); Borchsenius 1963: 1166. change of combination
- Pistaciaspis pistacicola (Borchsenius, 1949); Borchsenius 1963: 1165. change of combination
Common Names
- yellow pistachio hard scale Bustsh1958
- yellow pistachio scale MillerDa1990
- Фисташковая запятовидная щитовка AbdukaIsKa2023
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 11 | Genera: 16
- Anacardiaceae
- Pistacia atlantica | Borchs1949b | (= Pistacia mutica)
- Pistacia chinensis | AhmadGh1972 | ssp. integerrima
- Pistacia khinjuk | Beccar1959 AhmadGh1972
- Pistacia lentiscus | ElekciKa2021
- Pistacia terebinthus | Bodenh1953 Georgh1977
- Pistacia vera | Archan1930a
- Ericaceae
- Rhododendron | Watson2002a
- Euphorbiaceae
- Stillingia | Watson2002a
- Fabaceae
- Ceratonia siliqua | SismanUl2010
- Lauraceae
- Sassafras | Watson2002a
- Moraceae
- Ficus carica | EFSA2024h
- Orchidaceae
- Acianthus | Watson2002a
- Rhamnaceae
- Ceanothus | Watson2002a
- Rosaceae
- Malus pumila | Watson2002a
- Malus sylvestris | UlgentErYa2022
- Prunus armeniaca | Watson2002a
- Prunus dulcis | EFSA2024h
- Prunus persica | EFSA2024h
- Pyrus | Watson2002a
- Rosa | Watson2002a
- Sorbus | Watson2002a
- Salicaceae
- Populus | Watson2002a
- Salix | Watson2002a
- Vitaceae
- Vitis vinifera | EFSA2024h
Foes:
Families: 6 | Genera: 10
- Aphelinidae
- Ablerus | Mehrne2020
- Aphytis maculicornis | AhmadGh1972
- Aphytis mytilaspidis | MoghadWa2021
- Coccobius annulicornis | Mehrne2020
- Coccobius pistacicolus | Yasnos1968 | (= Physcus pistacicolus)
- Encarsia | AhmadGh1972 | (= Prospaltella)
- Camerobiidae
- Neophyllobius pistaciae | Mehrne2020
- Cheyletidae
- Cheletogenes ornatus | Mehrne2020
- Coccinellidae
- Chilocorus bipustulatus | Mehrne2020
- Exochomus nigripennis | Mehrne2020
- Cybocephalidae
- Cybocephalus fodori minor | Mehrne2020
- Encyrtidae
- Zaomma lambinus | FallahJa2017
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 16
- Afghanistan | DanzigPe1998
- Armenia | Borchs1949b TerGri1969a
- Azerbaijan | Aligey2016
- Cyprus | Georgh1977
- Georgia (Republic of) | BatsanKaKi2017 Hadzib1965
- Greece | PellizChMi2015
- Iran | Archan1937 KozarFoZa1996 Seghat1977
- Iraq | Bodenh1943
- Kazakhstan | Archan1937
- Kyrgyzstan (=Kirgizia) | Archan1937
- Pakistan | AhmadGh1972
- Syria | DanzigPe1998
- Tajikistan (=Tadzhikistan) | Bazaro1969
- Turkey | Bodenh1943 MartUyAl1995
- Turkmenistan | Archan1930a
- Ashkahabad Oblast | Bustsh1958
- Uzbekistan | DanzigPe1998
Keys
- MoghadWa2021: pp.139 ( Adult (F) ) [Lepidosaphes in Iran]
- Watson2002a: pp. ( Adult (F) ) [Expert system on a cd]
- Danzig1993: pp.247 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
- Balach1954e: pp.31 ( Adult (F) ) [Tableau de détermination des espèces du g. Lepidosaphes]
- Balach1954e: pp.31 ( Adult (F) ) [Tableau de détermination des espèces du g. Lepidosaphes Shimer] Key as: Lepidosaphes pistaciae forma pistacicola
Remarks
- Systematics: Balachowsky's (1954e) treatment of Lepidosaphes pistaciae "forma typica" and L. pistaciae "forma pistacicola" as subspecies has no status according to the ICZN.
- Structure: Female scale very short and broad. Margins flat, yellow-brown, to whitish, central part moderately convex, reddish-brown. Exuviae on cephalic end, first shining yellow, second dark brown, 2.0-2.3 mm long, 1.0-1.2 mm wide. Male scale narrow with parallel margins, whitish to light grey, exuviae light yellow, 0.8-1.0 mm long, 0.3 mm broad. Adult female body elliptical to pyriform (narrower on cephalic end). Segmentation fairly distinct, free margins roundly and flatly protracted, yellow (Bodenheimer, 1953).
- Biology: This scale insect completes two generations per year and overwinters as a fully developed female adult under its scale on the pistachio twigs in Iran (Mehmejad, 2020). Eggs are laid under female scales and start hatching around April, both in Iran (in Isfahan) and Greece (in Attica) (EFSA, 2024h).
- Economic Importance: Miller & Davidson (1990) list this insect as a pest. This insect is considered as one of the most widely distributed and destructive scales in pistachio plantations (Mehrnejad, 2020)
- General Remarks: Detailed descriptions and illustrations by Archangelskaya (1930a, 1937), Borchsenius (1949b) and Bodenheimer (1953).
Illustrations
Citations
- AbdukaIsKa2023: behavior, distribution, economic importance, host, 5
- AhmadGh1972: biological control, distribution, host, 89
- Archan1930a: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 82, 91-93
- Archan1937: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 69-70
- Balach1954e: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 31, 57-60
- BatsanKaKi2017: distribution, host, 259
- Bazaro1969: distribution, host, taxonomy, 32
- BazaroSh1971: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 44, 46-48
- Beccar1959: distribution, host, 79
- Bodenh1943: distribution, host, taxonomy, 7
- Bodenh1944b: distribution, 85, 86
- Bodenh1949: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 121, 131-133
- Bodenh1953: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 21-24
- Borchs1937: distribution, taxonomy, 108
- Borchs1937a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 78
- Borchs1949b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 343
- Borchs1949d: distribution, taxonomy, 205
- Borchs1950b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 181
- Borchs1963: taxonomy, 1165, 1166
- Borchs1966: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 42
- Bustsh1958: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 185, 189
- Danzig1993: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 247, 258-259
- DanzigPe1998: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 290
- Davatc1958: distribution, host, taxonomy, 40, 43
- EFSA2022f: biology, distribution, economic importance, 42, 43, 125-133
- EFSA2024h: biology, control, diagnosis, dispersal, distribution, economic importance, host, taxonomy,
- ErlerKoTu1996: distribution, host, 57
- FallahJa2017: distribution, host, natural enemies, 30, 34
- Georgh1977: distribution, host, 152, 159
- GugliuMaMa2019: distribution, host, list, 4, 6
- Hadzib1965: distribution, host, taxonomy, 12
- HosseiNoKa2016: description, diagnosis, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 524, 532-534
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 17
- KozarFoZa1996: distribution, 67
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 86
- Lashin1956: distribution, host, taxonomy, 128
- MartUyAl1995: distribution, host,
- Mehrne2020: economic importance, 233, 242
- MehrneAk2001: economic importance, 315
- MillerDa1990: economic importance, taxonomy, 303
- Moghad2004: distribution, host, 26
- Moghad2013a: distribution, host, 39
- MoghadTa2010: distribution, 35
- MoghadWa2021: diagnosis, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, key, natural enemies, taxonomy, 11, 139, 157-158, 247
- NarzikLu1966: taxonomy, 33
- PellizChMi2015: distribution, 62,68
- RouhanVaMa2018: genetics, host,
- RouhanVaMa2018a: distribution, host, 3
- Seghat1977: distribution, host, 15
- SismanUl2010: distribution, host, 220,222
- TerGri1956: distribution, host, 50
- TerGri1962: distribution, host, taxonomy, 143
- TerGri1969a: distribution, host, 65-66
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S120
- Varshn2002: distribution, host, 53
- Watson2001: list, 177
- Watson2002a: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, life history, taxonomy,
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 229
- Yasnos1968: biological control, distribution, 120
