Tipping, C., Bikoba, V., Chander, G.J., & Mitcham, E.J. 2003 Efficacy of Silwet L-77 against several arthropod pests of table grape.. Journal of Economic Entomology 96(1): 246-250.

Notes: Silwet L-77, an organosilicone surfactant, was applied to several arthropod pests of California table grapes. Eggs of grape mealybug, Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn) were tolerant to 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% treatment solutions. Grape mealybug crawlers had 100% mortality when treated with 0.5 and 1.0% Silwet L-77 solutions; however, mortality was only 6.7% when 0.1% Silwet L-77 was applied. 'Thompson Seedless' table grapes were not damaged when treated with up to 1% Silwet L-77; however, grapes treated with the 0.5 and 1.0% solutions appeared wet after removal from cold storage because of the effect of the surfactant spreading the water condensation. Grapes dried with the normal bloom on the berries when they reached room temperature.