Howard, F.W. 1991 Ecology and control of hemipterous pests of cultivated palms.. American Entomologist (Winter): 217-225.

Notes: Abstract: Wild palms are tropical; lack dormancy mechanisms; many are economically important as source of food, fiber, building materials, etc.; among the insects feeding on them are the following scales: Comstockiella sabalis (on Sabal palmetto), Phoenicoccoccus marlatti (on date palms), Parlatoria blanchardi (on date palms), Aspidiotus destructor (on coconut palms), Chrysomphalus aonidum, Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli, Aonidiella orientalis, Ischnaspis longirostris and Vinsonia stellifera (on coconut palms).