Herren, H.R., & Lema, K.M. 1982 CMB - First successful releases.. Biocontrol News and Information 3(3): 185.

Notes: Since its discovery in Zaire in 1972, the cassava mealybug (Phenacoccus manihoti) has spread as far as Senegal to the west and Malawi to the east, causing yield losses of over two billion US $ per year. The first releases introduced species for biological control were made in 1981.