Valid Names Results

Paratachardina silvestri (Mahdihassan, 1923) (Tachardiidae (= Kerriidae): Paratachardina)

Nomenclatural History

• Tachardia lobata Ramakrishna Ayyar 1919a: 47. nomen nudum (discovered by Varshn1966, 77).
• Tachardia lobata Ramakrishna Ayyar 1921a: 340. nomen nudum
• Tachardia minuta; Green 1922: 414. misidentification (discovered by Chambe1923, 208).
• Tachardia silvestri Mahdihassan 1923: 76. Type data: INDIA: Karnataka (=Mysore), Bangalore, on Ixora parviflora, 2/1922, by F. Silvestri. Lectotype, female, by subsequent designation (Varshn1976,61). Type depository: Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name
• Tachardina lobata lobata Chamberlin 1923: 208. Type data: SRI LANKA: Paradeniya, on Fluggea leucopyrus.. Syntypes, female and first instar, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; junior synonym (discovered by KondoGu2007, 27). Illustr.
• Tachardina silvestrii (Mahdihassan, 1923); Chamberlin 1925: 41. change of combination Notes: Justified emendation
• Tachardina lobata; Chamberlin 1925: 41. subsequent use Notes: Incorrect citation of "Green" as author.
• Tachardina lobata walczuchii Mahdihassan 1946: 136. Type data: INDIA: Karnataka, Bangalore, on Guazuma tomentosa. Syntypes, female and first instar, incertae sedis (discovered by KondoGu2007, 27).
• Tachardina lobata schmidtii Mahdihassan 1946: 41. Type data: INDIA: Karnataka, Bangalore, on Guazuma tomentosa. Syntypes, female and first instar, incertae sedis (discovered by KondoGu2007, 27).
• Tachardina lobata; Kapur 1958: 37. subsequent use Notes: Author incorrectly cited as Green.
• Paratachardina silvestrii (Mahdihassan, 1923); Varshney 1968a. change of combination
• Tachardina lobata; Varshney 1976. subsequent use Notes: Author incorrectly cited as Green.
• Paratachardina lobata (Chamberlin, 1923); Varshney 1984b: 370. change of combination Notes: Incorrect citation of "Green" as author.
• Paratachardina silvestri (Mahdihassan, 1923); Kondo & Gullan 2007. emendation that is justified

Common Names

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 26 | Genera: 43

Foes:

Families: 1 | Genera: 1

Geographic Distribution

Keys

• KondoGuPe2011: pp.142-143 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of Paratachardina]
• KondoGu2007: pp.7-8 ( Adult (F) ) [Species of Paratachardina]
• Varshn1976: pp.55 ( Adult (F) ) [India] Key as: Parachardina lobata
• Varshn1976: pp.55 ( Adult (F) ) [India]

Remarks

• Systematics: The name Tachardia silvestri was given by Mahdihassan (1923, p. 76) to lac insects on Ixora parviflora from India, Mysore, which differed from Tachardia minuta in the type and shape of their symbionts.Green (1922) described and illustrated in great details a species that he identified as Tachardia minuta Morrison, 1920. Chamberlin (1923) concluded that Green's (1922) description was a misidentification of Morrison's species, and described a new species that he named Tachardina lobata. Chamberlin (1925) supposed that the species should be credited to Green, and his interpretation was adopted by Kapur (1958) and by Varshney (1976; 1984b). However, according to Article 50(a) of the International Code the author is Chamberlin.Mahdihassan (1946) described this subspecies and the closely related one, Tachardina lobata walczuchii from the same locality and host plant, while distinguishing them from each other on the basis of morphologically-different symbionts. Kapur (1958, p. 38) regarded Tachardina lobata schmidti as a synonym of Tachardina lobata, whereas Varshney (1984b) regarded the former a distinct subspecies.Mahdihassan (1946) described this subspecies and the closely related one, Tachardina lobata schmidti from the same locality and host plant, while distinguishing them from each other on the basis of morphologically-different symbionts. Kapur (1958, p. 38) regarded Tachardina lobata schmidti as a synonym of Tachardina lobata. However, both Kapur (1958) and Varshney (1984b) regarded Tachardina lobata walczuchae as a distinct subspecies. The symbiont varieties of Tachardina lobata described by Mahdihassan (1946) as Tachardina lobata Walczuchii and T. lobata Schmidtii have been treated in several different ways since they were described. Mahdihassan clearly considered them to be varieties (not subspecies) and indicated so numerous times in his paper. He could find no morphological characters to separate them other than differences seen in the endosymbionts . Kapur (1958) treated walczuchii as a separate variety of T. lobata but considered T. lobata variety schmidtii to be a synonym of Tachardina lobata. Varshney (1984) continued Mahdihassan's varietal ranking but transferred them into Paratachardina. Ben-Dov (2006) decided to elevate the varieties to subspecies and treated them as Paratachardina lobata schmidtii (Mahdihassan) and P. lobata walczuchii (Mahdihassan). Kondo and Gullan (2007) did not agree with Ben-Dov's change and argued that based on the original description they were never intended to be more than infrasubspecific categories i. e., varieties. Because there apparently is no type material and there is no description of the morphology of the species it is impossible to determine the correct identity of these varieties. We therefore consider them to be incertae sedis.
• Structure: Resin of test often fused; orange, or wine red to dark reddish brown, with tinges of orange. Test with 4 marginal lobes, each anterior lobe with 1-3 (usually 1) ridges, posterior lobes each with three ridges: anterior lobes smaller than posterior lobes; first-instar test incorporated into adult test on mid-dorsum, with a circular opening on an elevated area just posterior to first-instar test. Dimensions of adult female test: 0.9-1.7 mm long, 0.5-1.1 mm wide at anterior lobes, 0.8-1.5 mm wide at posterior lobes, 0.4-0.8 mm high. Lac texture very hard, brittle, and shiny. (Kondo & Gullan, 2007)
• General Remarks: Chamberlin (1925) noted that it was very closely allied to Tachardia minuta. He also added that it seems probable that it is really valid, although, this cannot be regarded as certain until it has been adequately redescribed. Description and illustration of the adult female given by Varshney (1976) and by Kondo & Gullan (2007).Description and illustration of adult female by Chamberlin (1923).

Illustrations

Citations