Valid Names Results
Fiorinia japonica Kuwana, 1902 (Diaspididae: Fiorinia)Nomenclatural History
- Fiorinia fioriniae japonica Kuwana 1902: 79. Type data: JAPAN: Honshu, Tokyo, on grounds of Nishigahara Experiment Station, on Podocarpus chinensis and Pinus sp., by I. Kuwana. Syntypes, female, accepted valid name Notes: Type material probably lost.
- Fiorinia Juniperi Leonardi 1906c: 39-41. Type data: SRI LANKA: on Juniperus bermudiana. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Portici: Dipartimento de Entomologia e Zoologia Agraria di Portici, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Italy; junior synonym (discovered by Ferris1936, 4). Notes: Through the assistance of Antonio Garonna, of Portici, Italy, we have confirmed that Fiorinia juniperi Leonardi is in fact a synonym of F. japonica. Type material mounted and studied by Matile-Ferrero (1990) clearly shows the 4 large marginal macroducts characteristic of F. japonica. Illustr.
- Fiorinia Iuniperi Leonardi, 1906; Leonardi 1906c: 18. misspelling of species epithet
- Fiorinia japonica Kuwana, 1902; Ferris 1921a: 215. change in status (level)
Common Names
- coniferous fiorinia scale McKenz1956
- Japanese scale VelasqRi1969
- juniper fiorinia scale McKenz1956
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 13 | Genera: 22
- Arecaceae
- Dypsis lutescens | Tao1999 | (= Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)
- Phoenix | Kuwana1925b
- Cephalotaxaceae
- Cephalotaxus | Kuwana1925b MillerDa2005
- Cephalotaxus harringtonii | Kuwana1925b | (= Cephalotaxus harringtonii) (= Cephalotaxus drupacea f. fastigiata)
- Cupressaceae
- Cupressus | MillerDa2005
- Juniperus | MillerDa2005
- Juniperus bermudiana | Leonar1906c
- Juniperus chinensis | Ali1969a
- Juniperus communis | McKenz1956
- Juniperus virginiana | Mamet1954a | (= Juniperus bedfordiana)
- Garryaceae
- Aucuba japonica | Kuwana1925b
- Moraceae
- Ficus | Kuwana1925b
- Pentaphylacaceae
- Eurya japonica | Kuwana1925b
- Pinaceae
- Abies | MillerDa2005
- Abies alba | Muraka1970 | (= Picea excelsa)
- Abies firma | Kuwana1925b
- Abies veitchii | Kuwana1925b
- Cedrus atlantica | Takagi1970
- Keteleeria davidiana | Takagi1970
- Picea | MillerDa2005
- Picea pungens | Muraka1970
- Pinus | Kuwana1902 Kuwana1925b MillerDa2005
- Pinus densiflora | Kuwana1925b
- Pinus koraiensis | Kuwana1925b
- Pinus parviflora | Kuwana1925b | var. pentaphylla)
- Pinus thunbergii | Ali1969a
- Tsuga | MillerDa2005
- Tsuga sieboldii | Kuwana1925b
- Pittosporaceae
- Pittosporum tobira | Kuwana1925b
- Podocarpaceae
- Nageia nagi | Kuwana1925b | (= Podocarpus nageia)
- Podocarpus | Kuwana1925b MillerDa2005
- Podocarpus chinensis | Kuwana1925b | (= Podocarpus macrophylla maki)
- Podocarpus elatus | Muraka1970
- Podocarpus macrophyllus | Kuwana1902
- Rosaceae
- Pyrus communis | Kuwana1925b
- Sciadopityaceae
- Sciadopitys | MillerDa2005
- Sciadopitys verticillata | Kuwana1925b
- Taxaceae
- Taxus | MillerDa2005
- Taxus mairei | Takagi1970
- Torreya | MillerDa2005
- Torreya nucifera | Kuwana1925b
- Theaceae
- Camellia japonica | Kuwana1925b | (= Thea japonica)
Foes:
Families: 1 | Genera: 1
- Tubeufiaceae
- Podonectria coccorum | XuZeLv2021
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 11
- Australia | WilliaWi1988
- China
- Fujian (=Fukien) | Tao1999
- Hebei (=Hopei) | Tao1999
- Henan (=Honan) | Tao1999
- Jiangsu (=Kiangsu) | Tao1999
- Jiangxi (=Kiangsi) | Tao1999
- Xianggang (=Hong Kong) | Tao1999
- France | FoldiGe2018 Matile1990
- India
- West Bengal | Ali1969a
- Japan | Kuwana1925b MillerDa2005
- Hokkaido | Muraka1970
- Honshu | Kuwana1902
- Mauritius | Mamet1954a WilliaWi1988
- Philippines | Tao1999
- South Korea | Suh2012
- Sri Lanka | Leonar1906c
- Taiwan | MillerDa2005 Tao1999
- United States
- California | Essig1910a MillerDa2005
- District of Columbia | MillerDa2005
- Georgia | TippinBe1970
- Maryland | MillerDa2005
- New York | Britto1935a
- Virginia | Koszta1996 MillerDa2005
Keys
- AhmedMoRo2021: pp.156-158 ( Adult (F) First instar Second instar (F) Second instar (M) ) [Fiorinia in the USA]
- LiuCaFe2020: pp.397-399 ( Adult (F) ) [Fiorinia in China]
- WatsonWiMi2015: pp.298-299 ( Adult (F) ) [Fiorinia in the Australasian, Nearctic and Neotropical Regions]
- WeiZhFe2013: pp.94-95 ( ) [Key to the adult females of Fiorinia species known from China]
- Suh2012: pp.76 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to the Korean Pupillarial Species]
- MillerDa2005: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Field Key to Economic Armored Scales]
- MillerDa2005: pp.20-22 ( Adult (F) ) [Armored Scales]
- Gill1997: pp.144 ( ) [Key to California species of Fiorinia]
- Koszta1996: pp.501 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Fiorinia of Northeastern North America]
- Matile1990: pp.206 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to females]
- Matile1990: pp.207 ( Adult (M) ) [Clé des larves mâles du stade II]
- Chou1982: pp.105 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Chinese species of Fiorinia]
- Howell1977: pp.836 ( First instar ) [Key to the first instars of Fiorinia]
- Takagi1961: pp.41 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Fiorinia of Japan]
- McKenz1956: pp.32 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Californian species of Fiorinia]
- Ferris1942: pp.SIV-446:55 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Fiorinia of California]
- Kuwana1925b: pp.3 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Japanese species of Fiorinia]
- MacGil1921: pp.373, 374 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Fiorinia]
- Leonar1906c: pp.18 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Fiorinia] Key as: Fiorinia iuniperi
Remarks
- Systematics: Many references in literature to Fiorinia juniperi (a junior synonym of F. japonica) actually refer to F. pinicola.
- Structure: Female scale elongate, sides nearly parallel, anterior margin round, covered with a white powdery substance; median carina indicated and frequently not visible, brown, exuviae yellow. Male scale white, not carinated, exuviae yellow, about 1 mm long. Adult female elongate thin, yellowish (Kuwana, 1925b).
- Biology: As far as we can determine, the biology of this species has never been studied. (Miller & Davidson, 2005).
- Economic Importance: Miller & Davidson (1990) list this insect as a pest. The coniferous fiorinia scale is a pest of conifers in the Washington D.C. area; it causes chlorosis of the leaves, leaf drop, and an unsightly appearance. Tang (1984) considered it to be a serious pest of pine trees in Beijing, China. Miller and Davidson (1990) consider this species to be an occasional pest. (Miller & Davidson, 2005).
- General Remarks: Detailed description by Takagi (1970). Fiorinia japonica was eradicated from California and has been rediscovered three times since its first report in 1910 (Watson 2009). The most recent reinfestation was observed in 2008 and was most likely eradicated in a subsequent year (Watson 2009).
Illustrations
Citations
- Ahmed2018b: distribution, host, 1
- AhmedMoRo2021: DNA, diagnosis, distribution, illustration, key, taxonomy, 141-158,168-171
- Ali1969a: distribution, host, 45
- Balach1954e: taxonomy, 303, 312
- Borchs1966: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 145
- Britto1935a: distribution, host, 160
- Brown1965: chemistry, taxonomy, 127-131
- BrownMc1962: chemistry, physiology, taxonomy, 165
- Chou1982: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 105, 108-109
- Chou1986: illustration, 508
- Clause1931: distribution, host, 83
- Colema1903: distribution, host, 84
- DanzigPe1998: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 260-261
- DaoBeWa2018: distribution, morphology, phylogeny, 82
- DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 115
- Essig1910a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 209-210
- FeltMo1928: distribution, host, 199
- Ferris1921a: distribution, host, 215
- Ferris1936: taxonomy, 3, 4
- Ferris1942: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, SIV-394, SIV-446:55
- Fleury1935a: distribution, host, 22
- Foldi2001: distribution, 306
- FoldiGe2018: distribution, 10
- GarretLa1969: taxonomy, 1221
- Gill1997: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 144, 145
- Green1922: distribution, host, 464
- Green1937: catalog, distribution, host, 325
- Hartma1916: distribution, host, 104
- Howell1977: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 831
- HuHeWa1992: distribution, illustration, 194
- Hua2000: distribution, host, 151
- JohnsoLy1976: distribution, host, taxonomy, 86, 348
- Kawai1972: distribution, taxonomy, 39
- Kawai1977: distribution, host, 153
- Kawai1980: distribution, taxonomy, 279, 280-281
- KawaiMaUm1971: distribution, host, 23
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 16
- Koszta1996: biological control, description, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 501, 502, 504-505
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 84
- Kuwana1902: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 79
- Kuwana1907: distribution, host, 200
- Kuwana1917a: distribution, host, 17
- Kuwana1925b: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 3, 5-10
- Leonar1906c: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 36-37
- Lindin1911: taxonomy, 126
- LiuCaFe2020: key, 398
- MacGil1921: distribution, host, taxonomy, 373, 374
- Mamet1954a: distribution, host, 262
- MartinLa2011: catalog, distribution, 40
- Matile1990: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 205-211
- McKenz1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 32, 111-113
- Miller2005: distribution, 487
- MillerDa1990: economic importance, taxonomy, 302
- MillerDa2005: description, distribution, economic importance, host, 206
- Muraka1970: distribution, host, 90
- Nakaha1982: distribution, 37
- Nishid2002: catalog, 141
- PooleGe1997: distribution, 348
- Ramakr1921a: catalog, distribution, host, 355
- Rao1952: distribution, host, 9
- Sassce1912b: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 81
- Stimme1980: taxonomy, 700
- Suh2012: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 74-76
- Suh2020: distribution, host, 21
- Takagi1961: distribution, host, taxonomy, 35, 41
- Takagi1963d: distribution, taxonomy, 115
- Takagi1969a: taxonomy, 24
- Takagi1970: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 56-57
- Takagi1979: distribution, host, 28
- Takaha1929: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 17, 23, 76
- Takaha1930: distribution, host, 43
- Takaha1936a: distribution, host, 220
- Tang1977: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 152
- Tang1984b: distribution, host, 129
- Tang2001: taxonomy, 3
- Tao1978: distribution, host, 100
- Tao1999: distribution, host, 86-87
- TippinBe1970: distribution, host, 9
- Varshn2002: distribution, host, 65
- VelasqRi1969: distribution, host, 196
- Wang1982c: distribution, host, 68, 70
- WeiZhFe2013: taxonomy, 94-95
- Weidha1968: host, taxonomy, 256
- Whitne1933: distribution, host, 66
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 225
- WilliaWi1988: distribution, host, 66
- WongChCh1999: distribution, illustration, 23, 64
- Wu1935: distribution, host, 213
- Wu1999b: distribution, list of species, 234
- Yang1982: distribution, taxonomy, 258, 261
