Valid Names Results
Palmicultor palmarum (Ehrhorn, 1916) (Pseudococcidae: Palmicultor)Nomenclatural History
- Ripersia palmarum Ehrhorn 1916: 245. Type data: HAWAII: Honolulu, on Cocos nucifera, Latania glaucaphylla, Thrynax [Thrinax] sp. and Areca lutescens. Syntypes, both sexes, Type depository: Honolulu: Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Department of Entomology Collection, Hawaii, USA; accepted valid name
- Pseudococcus oceanicus Takahashi 1939b: 239. Type data: CAROLINE ISLANDS: Truk, Toloas, on Cocos nucifera. Syntypes, female, Type depository: London: The Natural History Museum, England, UK; Taichung: Entomology Collection, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wu-feng, Taichung, Taiwan; junior synonym (discovered by Beards1966, 426).
- Pseudococcus oceanicus kentiae Takahashi 1939b: 242. Type data: PALAU ISLANDS: Korror, on Kentia sp.. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Taichung: Entomology Collection, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wu-feng, Taichung, Taiwan; junior synonym (discovered by Beards1966, 426).
- Pseudococcus palmarum (Ehrhorn, 1916); Ferris in Zimmerman 1948: 235. change of combination
- Dysmicoccus palmarum (Ehrhorn, 1916); Cohic 1958: 6. change of combination
- Palmicola palmarum (Ehrhorn, 1916); Williams 1960: 415. change of combination
- Palmicultor palmarum (Ehrhorn, 1916); Williams 1963: 100. change of combination
Common Names
- Ehrhorn's palm mealybug LitCaLa2006
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 7 | Genera: 24
- Arecaceae
- Adonidia merrillii | VonEllKiWa2022
- Areca catechu | BenDov1994 KawaiMaUm1971
- Borassus flabellifer | Willia2004a
- Caryota mitis | MatileEt2006
- Cocos nucifera | Ehrhor1916 Lit1997a Varshn1992 Willia2004a WilliaGr1992 WilliaWa1988a
- Dypsis decaryi | VonEllKiWa2022
- Dypsis lutescens | MatileEt2006 | (= Chrysalidocarpus lutescens)
- Elaeis guineensis | Willia2004a
- Howea | VonEllKiWa2022
- Howea forsteriana | Takaha1939b VonEllKiWa2022 | (= Kentia)
- Hyophorbe indica | Ehrhor1916 | (= Areca lutescens)
- Latania loddigesii | Ehrhor1916 | (= Latania glaucaphylla)
- Licuala | Willia2004a
- Phoenix roebelenii | Stocks2013a
- Rhapis | VonEllKiWa2022
- Rhapis excelsa | VonEllKiWa2022
- Roystonea regia | MatileEt2006
- Syagrus romanzoffiana | VonEllKiWa2022
- Thrinax | Ehrhor1916
- Veitchia arecina | VonEllKiWa2022
- Washingtonia filifera | MatileEt2006
- Fabaceae
- Acacia asak | Ehrhor1916
- Heliconiaceae
- Heliconia | VonEllKiWa2022
- Pandanaceae
- Freycinetia | Willia2004a
- Poaceae
- Phyllostachys | Willia2004a
- Strelitziaceae
- Strelitzia alba | VonEllKiWa2022
- Zingiberaceae
- Zingiber | VonEllKiWa2022
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 31
- Andaman Islands | Willia2004a
- Bahamas | Willia1981
- Bangladesh | BenDov1994 KaydanKoEr2014c Varshn1992 Willia2004a
- Bermuda | WilliaGr1992
- Bonin Islands (=Ogasawara-Gunto) | BenDov1994 Kawai1987 KawaiMaUm1971
- Canary Islands | WilliaMa2003
- Cape Verde | LagowsGoHo2022
- China | Tang1992 TangHaTa1992
- Federated States of Micronesia
- Caroline Islands | Beards1966
- Kosrae (=Kusaie) | Beards1966
- Pohnpei Island | Beards1966
- Truk Islands | Beards1966
- Yap | Beards1966
- French Polynesia | Cohic1958
- Guadeloupe | MatileEt2006
- Hawaiian Islands
- Hawaii | Ehrhor1916
- India | KaydanKoEr2014c
- Andhra Pradesh | Willia2004a
- Assam | Willia2004a
- Karnataka | Willia2004a
- Kerala | Willia2004a
- Tamil Nadu | Willia2004a
- Indonesia | Willia2004a
- Java | Willia2004a
- Sulawesi (=Celebes) | Willia2004a
- Sumatra | Willia2004a
- Jamaica | WilliaGr1992
- Kiribati | WilliaWa1988a
- Gilbert Islands | Beards1966
- Phoenix Islands | Beards1966
- Malaysia | Willia2004a
- Sabah | Willia2004a
- Maldives | Willia2004a
- Marshall Islands | Beards1966
- Mexico | WilliaGr1992
- New Caledonia | Cohic1958
- Niue | WilliaWa1988a
- Palau | BenDov1994 Takaha1939b Takaha1941b
- Philippines | Willia2004a
- Mindanao | Lit1997a LitCaLa2006
- Saint Martin & St. Barthelemy
- Saint Barthelemy | MatileEt2006
- Saint Martin | MatileEt2006
- Singapore | Willia2004a
- Sri Lanka | Willia2004a
- Tonga | Zimmer1948
- Turkey | KaydanKoEr2014c
- United States
- Florida | Howard2001
- Florida | Howard2001
- Florida | HowardMoGi2001
- Vietnam | Willia2004a
Keys
- VonEllKiWa2022: pp.253 ( Adult (F) ) [species of Palmicultor]
- Hodgso2020: pp.32-34 ( Adult (M) ) [higher groups of Pseudococcidae]
- Suh2019a: pp.2-6 ( Adult (F) ) [mealybugs interepted in S. Korea]
- Willia2004a: pp.453 ( Adult (F) ) [Palmicultor species of southern Asia]
- WilliaWa1988a: pp.128 ( Adult (F) ) [Tropical South Pacific Region]
- Beards1966: pp.423 ( Adult (F) ) [Federated States of Micronesia]
- Beards1960: pp.212 ( Adult (M) ) [Hawaii]
- Zimmer1948: pp.176 ( Adult (F) ) [Hawaii]
Remarks
- Systematics: Examination of specimens identified as P. palmarum from Florida revealed that they differ from the species described as P. palmarum from Hawaii by two variable morphological characters and three molecular markers. von Ellenrieder, et al. described a P. palmarum species-complex including P. palmarum in Hawaii and Palmicultor cf. palmarum from Florida. However, due to the high intraspecific morphological variability observed in species of Palmicultor, they refrained from formally describing this cryptic species at the current time, pending availability of specimens from a wider geographic area to sequence and analyze in order to properly define the specific boundaries within this species-complex. Zarkai, et al., (2023) also described and illustrated a specimen that was identified as "Palmicultor cryptic species complex, species near palmarum from Sumatra, Indonesia, citing the need for further molecular studies of the species complex.
- Economic Importance: Cohic (1959) reported that this mealybug does little damage to adult trees but killed germinating palms.
- General Remarks: Description and illustration of adult female by Ferris in Zimmerman (1948), Williams & Watson (1988a), Williams & Granara de Willink (1992) and by Williams (2004a). Description and illustration of the adult male by Beardsley (1960).
Illustrations
Citations
- Beards1960: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 232-233
- Beards1966: distribution, host, taxonomy, 426-427
- BenDov1994: catalog, 262-263
- Cohic1958: distribution, host, 23
- Ehrhor1916: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 245, 246
- Esaki1940a: distribution, host, 274-280
- Gavril2018: reproduction, 224
- Hodgso2020: key, 33
- HowardMoGi2001: distribution, host, 179
- Kawai1980: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 117
- Kawai1987: distribution, host, 77
- KawaiMaUm1971: distribution, host, 15
- KaydanKoEr2014c: distribution, host, 234
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 24
- LagowsGoHo2022: distribution, list, 8, 11
- Lit1997a: distribution, host, taxonomy, 38
- LitCaLa2006: distribution, host, 12
- MatileEt2006: distribution, host, 180
- Meurge2011: distribution, 81
- MilleHeCa2016: distribution, economic importance, host, 150
- RenAsHu2017: DNA, phylogeny, 4, 6
- RossHaOk2012: phylogeny, taxonomy, 199
- Stocks2013a: distribution, host, 243, 346
- Suh2019a: key, 6
- Takaha1939b: distribution, host, taxonomy, 242
- Takaha1941b: distribution, host, 214
- Tang1992: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 214-215
- TangHaTa1992: distribution, host, 4
- Tao1999: distribution, host, taxonomy, 21
- Timber1919: biological control, 197-231
- UlgentErYa2022: distribution, host, S124
- Varshn1992: distribution, host, 44
- VonEllKiWa2022: distribution, genebank, host, key, phylogeny,
- Willia1960: taxonomy, 417
- Willia1981: distribution, host, taxonomy, 243
- Willia2004a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 456-458
- Willia2017a: catalog, list of species, 249
- WilliaGr1992: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 290-292
- WilliaMa2003: distribution, host, 178
- WilliaMa2012: distribution, host, 89
- WilliaWa1988a: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 133-135
- ZarkanApTu2021: distribution, host, 182
- Zimmer1948: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 176, 235-241
