Valid Names Results
Neopinnaspis harperi McKenzie, 1949 (Diaspididae: Neopinnaspis)Nomenclatural History
- Neopinnaspis harperi McKenzie 1949: 124-126. Type data: UNITED STATES: California, Santa Barbara County, Montecito, on Ceratonia siliqua, 12/04/1949, by R.W. Harper. Holotype, female, Type depository: Davis: The Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, California, USA; accepted valid name Illustr.
- Africaspis harperi (McKenzie, 1949); Ferris 1955b: 23. change of combination
- Mercetaspis harperi (McKenzie, 1949); Dowell, et al. 2016: 116. change of combination Notes: This appears to be a lapsus calami for Neopinnaspis harperi.
Common Names
- Harper scale McComb1986
Ecological Associates
Hosts:
Families: 33 | Genera: 59
- Altingiaceae
- Liquidambar styraciflua | BesheaTiHo1973
- Anacardiaceae
- Schinus molle | McKenz1949
- Schinus terebinthifolia | McKenz1949
- Apocynaceae
- Nerium oleander | McKenz1949
- Aquifoliaceae
- Ilex | BesheaTiHo1973 MillerDa2005
- Ilex myrtifolia | McComb1986
- Ilex opaca | BesheaTiHo1973
- Ilex vomitoria | BesheaTiHo1973
- Celastraceae
- Euonymus japonicus | McKenz1949
- Cornaceae
- Cornus | BesheaTiHo1973
- Ebenaceae
- Diospyros kaki | McKenz1949
- Ericaceae
- Arbutus unedo | McKenz1949
- Escalloniaceae
- Escallonia rubra | McKenz1949
- Euphorbiaceae
- Vernicia fordii | BesheaTiHo1973 | (= Aleurites fordii)
- Fabaceae
- Acacia dealbata | McKenz1949 | (= Acacia decurrens dealbata)
- Acacia longifolia | McKenz1949
- Acacia melanoxylon | McKenz1949
- Caesalpinia echinata | McKenz1949
- Ceratonia | MillerDa2005
- Ceratonia siliqua | McKenz1949
- Cytisus scoparius | McKenz1949
- Fagaceae
- Castanopsis cuspidata | Muraka1970 TakagiKa1966 | (= Shiia cuspidata)
- Lithocarpus edulis | Muraka1970 TakagiKa1966 | (= Pasania edulis)
- Quercus laurifolia | BesheaTiHo1973
- Quercus nigra | BesheaTiHo1973
- Quercus virginiana | BesheaTiHo1973
- Hamamelidaceae
- Hamamelis virginiana | BesheaTiHo1973
- Juglandaceae
- Carya | BesheaTiHo1973
- Carya illinoinensis | BesheaTiHo1973
- Juglans nigra | McKenz1949
- Juglans regia | McKenz1949
- Lauraceae
- Persea | MillerDa2005
- Persea americana | McKenz1949
- Persea borbonia | BesheaTiHo1973
- Umbellularia californica | McKenz1949
- Lythraceae
- Punica granatum | McKenz1949
- Magnoliaceae
- Magnolia | McKenz1949
- Magnolia soulangeana | BesheaTiHo1973
- Malvaceae
- Grewia caffra | McKenz1949
- Hibiscus rosa-sinensis | Takagi1970
- Lagunaria patersonii | McKenz1949
- Sparrmannia | McKenz1949
- Moraceae
- Ficus carica | McKenz1949
- Myricaceae
- Morella cerifera | Merril1953 | (= Myrica cerifera)
- Oleaceae
- Fraxinus | McKenz1949
- Jasminum humile | McKenz1949 | (= Jasminum revolutum)
- Ligustrum obtusifolium | TakagiKa1966
- Ligustrum ovalifolium | McKenz1949
- Olea europaea | McKenz1949
- Pittosporaceae
- Pittosporum undulatum | McKenz1949
- Platanaceae
- Platanus occidentalis | BesheaTiHo1973
- Proteaceae
- Hakea salicifolia | McKenz1949 | (= Hakea saligna)
- Macadamia | MillerDa2005
- Macadamia integrifolia | McKenz1949 | (= Macadamia ternifolia integrifolia)
- Rhamnaceae
- Ceanothus arboreus | McKenz1949
- Ceanothus spinosus | McKenz1949
- Rosaceae
- Cotoneaster microphylla | McKenz1949
- Crataegus | McKenz1949
- Crataegus opaca | BesheaTiHo1973
- Eriobotrya | MillerDa2005
- Eriobotrya japonica | BesheaTiHo1973
- Lauro-cerasus | Borchs1966
- Photinia bodinieri | McKenz1949 | (= Photinia serrulata)
- Prunus | MillerDa2005
- Prunus caroliniana | McKenz1949
- Prunus dulcis | McKenz1949 | (= Prunus amygdalus)
- Prunus ilicifolia | McKenz1949
- Prunus lusitanica | McKenz1949
- Prunus lyonii | McKenz1949
- Prunus persica | McKenz1949
- Pyrus communis | McKenz1949
- Rosa | McKenz1949
- Rubus | Borchs1966
- Rubiaceae
- Cephalanthus occidentalis | BesheaTiHo1973
- Salicaceae
- Azara microphylla | McKenz1949
- Dovyalis caffra | McKenz1949 | (= Aberia caffra )
- Populus | McKenz1949
- Salix | McKenz1949
- Salix discolor | McKenz1949
- Santalaceae
- Phoradendron leucarpum | BesheaTiHo1973 | (= Phoradendron flavescens)
- Viscum | Borchs1966
- Sapindaceae
- Acer palmatum | McKenz1949
- Schisandraceae
- Illicium floridanum | BesheaTiHo1973
- Styracaceae
- Styrax | BesheaTiHo1973
- Theaceae
- Camellia japonica | McKenz1949
Geographic Distribution
Countries: 4
- Hawaiian Islands | MillerDa2005
- Oahu | Nishid2002
- Japan | MillerDa2005
- Honshu | TakagiKa1966
- Taiwan | MillerDa2005 Takagi1970
- United States
- Alabama | WaltmaRaWi2016
- California | McKenz1949 MillerDa2005
- Florida | Merril1953 MillerDa2005
- Georgia | MillerDa2005 TippinBe1970
Keys
- MillerDa2005: pp.29-32 ( Adult (F) ) [Field Key to Economic Armored Scales]
- MillerDa2005: pp.20-21 ( Adult (F) ) [Armored Scales]
- Chou1982: pp.194 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Chinese species of Neopinnaspis]
Remarks
- Systematics: Neopinnaspis harperi has some affinities for certain Pinnaspis and Lepidosaphes species, and for this reason it is suspected to be an introduced rather than a native species (McKenzie, 1956). In California, N. harperi is close to Lepidosaphes conchiformis and L. destefanii (Gill, 1997).
- Structure: Adult females 1-2 mm long, narrow, irregularly elongate, fairly flat, tan or bronze or reddish-brown terminal exuviae. Body pink or red (Gill, 1997).
- Biology: We have been unable to find an account of the biology of this species. According to McKenzie (1956), Harper scale primarily occurs on the bark of twigs and branches; in cases of heavy infestations, it may be found on the trunk, occasionally on petioles, and rarely on leaf surfaces. (Miller & Davidson, 2005).
- Economic Importance: McComb (1986) lists N. harperi as a pest of holly. Miller & Davidson (1990) also list this insect as a pest. Harper scale is reported as a pest of apple in the eastern part of the Former Soviet Union (Konstantinova 1976). In the United States it infests a wide range of host plants indicating the potential for economic importance. Miller and Davidson (1990) consider this species to be an occasional pest. (miller & Davidson, 2005).
- General Remarks: Detailed descriptions and illustrations by McKenzie (1949) and Gill (1997).
Illustrations
Citations
- Ali1970: catalog, taxonomy, 12, 23
- Arnett1985: taxonomy, 242
- BesheaTiHo1973: distribution, host, 12
- Borchs1959b: distribution, taxonomy, 1821
- Borchs1963a: taxonomy, 70
- Borchs1966: catalog, distribution, host, taxonomy, 75
- Chou1982: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 194-195
- Chou1986: illustration, 607
- DowellGiJe2016: distribution, 116
- Ebelin1959: distribution, host, 318
- Ferris1955b: taxonomy, 23, 24
- Gill1997: description, distribution, economic importance, host, illustration, taxonomy, 200-202, 203
- Hua2000: distribution, host, 155
- Kawai1972: description, distribution, taxonomy, 36
- Kawai1977: distribution, host, 153
- KondoWa2022a: distribution, host, list, 18
- Konsta1976: host, 49
- KonstaKo1990: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 82-83
- KozarWa1985: catalog, distribution, 85
- McComb1986: description, distribution, host, 68
- McKenz1949: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 124-126
- McKenz1956: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 33, 132, 133, 135
- Merril1953: description, distribution, host, taxonomy, 63
- Miller2005: distribution, 488
- MillerDa1990: economic importance, taxonomy, 304
- MillerDa2005: description, distribution, economic importance, host, 294
- Muntin1967: taxonomy, 1
- Muraka1970: distribution, host, 85
- Nishid2002: catalog, 142
- NormarJo2010: ecology, host, 3
- PooleGe1997: distribution, 350
- ShiLi1991: host, 164
- Takagi1969a: taxonomy, 23
- Takagi1970: description, distribution, host, illustration, taxonomy, 29-31
- TakagiKa1966: distribution, host, 107
- Tao1978: distribution, host, 97
- Tao1999: distribution, host, 100
- TippinBe1970: distribution, 10
- WaltmaRaWi2016: distribution, 231
- Watson2001: list, 177
- Watson2002: taxonomy, 117
- Willia1973: distribution, host, 91