Valid Names Results

Lepidosaphes pini (Maskell, 1897) (Diaspididae: Lepidosaphes)

Nomenclatural History

• Poliaspis pini Maskell 1897a: 242. Type data: JAPAN: Honshu, Miyanoshita, on Pinus densiflora. Syntypes, female, Type depository: Auckland: New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, New Zealand; Davis: The Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, California, USA; San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, Department of Entomology, California, USA; Washington: United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, District of Columbia, USA; accepted valid name
• Chionaspis (Poliaspis) pini (Maskell, 1897); Balachowsky 1930d: 267. change of combination
• Lepidosaphes pini (Maskell, 1897); Takahashi 1955e: 76. change of combination
• Mytilococcus pinorum Lindinger 1957: 549. replacement name that is unjustified Replacement name for Poliaspis pini Maskell 1897a Notes: It would appear that Lindinger felt that Morrison & Morrison (1922) were either describing a new species or were moving Poliaspis pini Maskell into Lepidosaphes. He appears to be concerned about homonymy and proposed the replacement name Mytilococcus pinorum specifically citing the Morrison & Morrison paper. It seems as though Morrison & Morrison were doing neither of these things and were simply describing pini as a Lepidosaphes-like species. Since there is no evidence of a homonym Lindinger's name is considered invalid.
• Insulaspis pini (Maskell, 1897); Borchsenius 1963: 1173. change of combination Notes: Balachowsky (1954e): synonymized the genus Insulaspis Mamet with Lepidosaphes Shimer creating the combination Lepidosaphes pini.

Common Names

• Oriental pine scale MillerDa1990
• pine oystershell scale Koszta1996

Ecological Associates

Hosts:

Families: 5 | Genera: 7

Associates:

Families: 1 | Genera: 1

Geographic Distribution

Keys

• MillerWiDa2006: pp.35 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to conifer infesting species of Lepidosaphes]
• MillerDa2005: pp.29 ( Adult (F) ) [Field Key to Economic Armored Scales]
• MillerDa2005: pp.20-22 ( Adult (F) ) [Armored Scales]
• Chou1982: pp.156 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to Chinese species of Lepidosaphes]
• Paik1978: pp.336 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
• Willia1971: pp.449 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Insulaspis on Coniferae] Key as: Insulaspis pini
• Takagi1960: pp.92 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
• Takaha1955e: pp.68 ( Adult (F) ) [Key to species of Lepidosaphes]
• Balach1930d: pp.267 ( Adult (F) ) [Tableau de détermination des Chionaspis Sign. (sensu lato) vivant aux dépens des Conifères] Key as: Chionaspis pini

Remarks

• Structure: Female scale elongate, mussel-shaped, brown with orange exuviae. Male scale similar, but smaller. Adult female brown, elongate, abdomen ending in an emarginate curve, minutely serrated (Maskell, 1898).
• Biology: Lepidosaphes pini has two generations per year, overwintering in the fertilized female adults. The female lays about 30 eggs the next April. Male emergence is in early August and mid-October (Murakami, 1970). The life history of this species is poorly known. Smith-Fiola (1997, personal communication) indicated that in New Jersey the adult female is the overwintering stage; eggs are present in March and August; and crawlers occur in June and September. According to Murakami (1970), in Japan it has 2 generations each year and overwinters as fertilized adult females. In April, about 30 eggs are laid, and adult males are reported in August and mid-October. Xu (1981) studied this species in China and also reported that the species has 2 generations each year and overwinters as adult females. Stimmel (1994) hypothesized that it has only one yearly generation in Pennsylvania, with eggs serving as the overwintering stage. (Miller & Davidson, 2005).
• Economic Importance: Miller & Davidson (1990) list this insect as a pest. The pine oystershell scale has been reported as a pest of pines by Schmutterer et al. (1957), Tang (1984), Zahradnik (1990b), Chai et al. (1999), and Xu (1981). In recent years it has caused damage in the coastal areas of New Jersey and has required the use of chemical controls (Smith-Fiola 1994) (misidentified as Lepidosaphes pallida). This pest causes chlorosis of the base of the needles (Stimmel 1994). Miller and Davidson (1990) consider this species to be an occasional pest. (Miller & Davidson, 2005).
• General Remarks: Best description and illustration by Maskell (1898), Paik (1978) and Chou (1982). Table of taxanomic characters distinguishing conifer infesting species in Miller, Williams & Davidson (2006). Photographs in EFSA (2023j).

Illustrations

Citations