Malumphy, C.P., Halstead, A.J., & Salisbury, A. 2012 First Incursion of Chinese Mussel Scale Lepidosaphes chinensis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Europe, With a Review of Lepidosaphes Species Found in Britain.. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 25: 1943.1-1943,11

Notes: In November 2011, a large infestation of Lepidosaphes chinensis Chamberlin (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) was found on a Yucca elephantipes plant grown in a conservatory near Northwich, Cheshire, England. Small numbers of scales were also present on Beaucarnea recurvata, Euphorbia elegans and Sansevieria trifasciata ‘Laurentii’. This is the first incursion of this scale insect in Europe. It has previously been intercepted in the Netherlands on Dracaena sanderiana| imported from China (2005-2006) and origin unknown (2008). The biology, geographical distribution and economic importance of L. chinensis are discussed. In addition, the status of the fourteen Lepidosaphes species that have been recorded in Britain is reviewed. One species, L. ulmi (L.), is native; two non-native species (L. chinensis and L. pinnaeformis (Bouche´ )) are currently found breeding on indoor plantings in Britain; the other eleven non-native species are not currently known to be established in Britain. The following Lepidosaphes species are recorded here from these countries for the first time: L. beckii (Newman) from Bangladesh; L. gloverii (Packard) from Bangladesh, Kenya and Uruguay; L. pinnaeformis (Bouche´ ) from Madagascar; L. rubrovittata Cockerell from Jamaica; and L. tapleyi Williams from Ghana and Pakistan.