Youssef, A.I., Nasr, F.N.de, Stefanos, S.S., Elkhair, S.S.A., Shehata, W.A., Agamy, E., Herz, A., & Hassan, S.A. 2004 The side effects of plant protection products used in olive cultivation on the hymenopterous egg parasitoid Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal.. Journal of Applied Entomology 128(9/10): 593-599.

Notes: Six insecticides (Malathion, Quik, Cidial, Dimethoate, Actellic, Deltamethrin) and two mineral oils (Super misrona and Kemesol) are currently used to control the most important pests in Mediterranean olive cultivation (olive fly, olive moth and black scale (Saissetia oleae). Three different types of test methods were carried out: (1) initial toxicity dose-response test on adult wasps; (2) initial toxicity test on pupae, using field recommended rates; and (3) persistent test on olive foliage to assess the duration of harmful activity. The six insecticides tested reduced parasitism by 80-95% and rated as moderately harmful at the field recommended doses. The two mineral oils reduced parasitism up to 25% and were therefore rated as harmless to the adult stage of the parasitoid.