Wu, S.A., & Yu, W.C. Wu, S.A., & Yu, W.C. 2000 [A study on Physokermes shanxiensis Tang (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae).]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae 36(2): 98-102.

Notes: Physokermes shanxiensis is a newly found scale pest of ornamental plants in China. In recent years it has caused serious damage to Picea meyeri in the central part of Shanxi Province, China. In this paper, its hosts, distribution and damage to Picea meyeri are reported. The morphology of immature stages is described and observations made on its bionomics. The scale develops one generation a year in Taigu County, Shanxi Province, and overwinters on 1-year-old twigs and needles in the second nymphal stage. Adult females and males emerge in early and late April, respectively, and the peak feeding/damaging period is from early April to mid-May. Each female lays 15-1143 eggs, 602.3 on an average. Natural enemies include Harmonia oxyridis [H. axyridis] and Adalia bipunctata, with the former more important. Control measures are proposed.