Viggiani, G. 1981 Recenti acquisizioni sulla lotta integrata nell'oliveto. [Recent findings on integrated control in olive groves.]. Informatore Fitopatologia 31(1/2): 37-43.

Notes: The results are reviewed of research on integrated control of various pests in olive groves in Italy, mainly with regard to the subjects of injuriousness and economic thresholds for Dacus oleae (Gmel.), Prays oleae (Bern.), Aspidiotus nerii Bch. and Saissetia oleae (Ol.); timing of treatments, especially against D. oleae; cultural and other non-chemical methods, such as rings of adhesive applied round the trunks of olive trees, against Otiorhynchus cribricollis Gylh. and the use of olive varieties resistant to S. oleae; biological control by means of parasites against D. oleae, P. oleae and S. oleae and of the pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis against P. oleae; the adverse secondary effects of insecticide applications against pests on the ecosystem, such as the killing of natural enemies and the inducement of outbreaks of mites; and complex schemes of integrated control against several pests at once by different methods, taking into account the effects of a method applied against one pest on another and incorporating pruning and fungicides as well as the chemical or biological methods applied directly against the insect pests.