Vergara-Navarro, E.V., Aguirre, H., Caballero, A., Perez-Benavides, L., & Montoya, A. 2023 A Novel Tritrophic Interaction among Pachyneuron nr. groenlandicum (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), Mimocalla gigantea (Diptera: Syrphidae), and Pulvinaria caballeroramosae (Hemiptera: Coccidae). Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology https://doi.org/10.3954/1523-5475-39.1.66

Keywords:

ecology

natural enemies

Notes: The soft scale insect Pulvinaria caballeroramosae Tanaka & Kondo (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is an important pest infesting Ficus soatensis Dugand (Moraceae), a common tree species employed for urban forestation program in Cundinamarca, Colombia (Chiriví-Salomón et al. 2015, Tanaka & Kondo 2015). To date, P. caballeroramosae is only known to associate with a single host (F. soatensis) and a parasitic fungus [Akanthomyces sabanensis (Chiriví-Salomón et al.) (Ascomycota: Cordycipitaceae)] (Chiriví-Salomón et al. 2015, Tanaka & Kondo 2015). In this paper, we report two new associations: A syrphid feeding on P. caballeroramosae and a hymenopteran parasitoid of the syrphid larvae.