Vargas, M. 1987 Control integrado de escama de San José. [Integrated control of San José scale.]. Investigación y Progreso Agropecuario, La Platina (Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Estación Experimental La Platina) 44: 44-48.

Notes: Quadraspidiotus perniciosus origin (China, Russia, North Korea); can survive on 700 host plants; economically important on fruit in the U.S., Canada, Europe, Japan, India, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand and South America; description of damage inflicted on fruit trees in Chile; descriptions of various stages; natural enemies include Aphytis aonidiae, A. diaspidis, A. mytilaspidis, Aspidiotiphagus citrinus, Coccidophilus citricola, Lindorus lophantae, Scymnus, Hemisarcoptes spp. and Encarsia perniciosi.