Turguter, S., & Ülgentürk, S. 2006 [Biological aspects of Physokermes piceae (Schrank) (Spruce Bud Scale) (Hemiptera: Coccidae).] Physokermes piceae (Schrank) (Yumrulu Ladin Kosnili) (Hemiptera: Coccidae)'nin biyolojik ozellikleri.. Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi 12(1): 44-50.

Notes: Physokermes piceae is an important pest of spruce. Some biological aspects of the pest were studied on blue spruce (Picea pungens) in an urban ecosystem in Ankara, Turkey during 2001-03. Physokermes piceae has one generation in a year and overwintered during the second larval stage. These oviparous insects stored their eggs in 2 chambers under their bodies. Oviposition started in May and crawlers appeared in the end of June and beginning of July. The second larval stage occurred in September-May. Adult males and females were observed in the middle of April up to the middle of June. Males mostly infested the lower needle surfaces while females preferred the surfaces of young branches. The ratio of the males in the population was 54.37%, whereas the females comprised 45.62% of the population. The number of egg was 844.63+/-49.09 in 2001 and 925.35+/-49.84 in 2002.