Tatematsu, Y., Someya, H., Kaneda, M., Miyoshi, S., & Yamada, J. 2004 [The diagnosis of armored scale insects found on citrus in Japan: discrimination between Parlatoria cinerea (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and related species.]. Research Bulletin of the Plant Protection Service Japan No. 40: 145-148.

Notes: Armoured scale insects found on citrus in Japan were studied by morphological and electrophoretic methods to develop a diagnostic program. P. cinerea closely resembles P. pergandii in appearance at the female adult stage. These two species can be distinguished from others based on the characteristics of pigidial lobes. Moreover, the electrophoretic band patterns of these two species are clearly separable and can provide optional diagnosis for immature stages. Two diagnostic flowcharts are provided based on the present study.