Tabar Purroy, A.I., Alvarez-Puebla, M.J., Acero Sainz, S., Garcia Figueroa, B.E., Echechipia-Madoz, S., Olaguibel Rivera, J.M., & Quirce Gancedo, S. 2003 Carmine (E-120)-induced occupational asthma revisited.. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 111(2): 415-419.

Notes: Occupational asthma (OA) caused by carmine (E-120) has been reported. The 24 current employees and one worker who had recently left work because of asthma completed a questionnaire and underwent skin and other testing for carmine, cochineal, carminic acid, curcuma, annato, and chlorophyll. The prevalence of sensitization and OA caused by carmine was 41.6% and 8.3%, respectively.