Svensson Grape, E., Willhammar, T., & Inge, A.K. 2025 Brilliantly red: The structure of carmine. Crystal Growth & Design 25: 4100-4105
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Notes: Despite still being used on an industrial scale, with hundreds of metric tonnes produced annually, the exact molecular and crystal structures of carmine remains undetermined. The results establish a definite structure of carmine, unveiling a surprisingly complicated arrangement in a long-used commodity with economic and cultural impact, while also highlighting the serendipitous creation of a man-made supramolecular material that dates back hundreds if not thousands of years. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5c00185
