Stoetzel, M.B., & Davidson, J.A. 1974a Biology, morphology and taxonomy of immature stages of nine species in the Aspidiotini (Homoptera: Diaspididae).. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 67: 475-509.

Notes: Seasonal history charts presented and discussed for 6 species; seasonal development discussed for three species; keys to immature and adult stages and to first and second instars of the nine species; taxonomic notes.