Soares Brandao, J. 1942 As orquideas sao tambem parasitadas por pragas e doenças. [Orchids are also parazitized by pests and pathogens.]. Sitios e Fazendas 7: 54-56.

Notes: Pests include Asterolecanium aureum, Vinsonia stellifera, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Furcaspis cyanophylli, F. orientalis, Diaspis boisduvalii, Lepidosaphes citricola, Parlatoria proteus, Orthezia insignis and Conchaspis angraeci.