Smith, D., Smith, N.J., & Smith, K.M. 1998 Effect of abamectin on citrus rust mite Phyllocoptruta oleivora and brown citrus rust mite Tegolophus australis and the scale natural enemies Aphytis lingnanensis and Chilocorus circumdatus on oranges.. Plant Protection Quarterly 13: 136-139.

Notes: Abamectin, applied at three rates caused significant mortality of adults of the scale parasitoid Aphytis lingnanensis when they were exposed to freshly sprayed leaves for 24 h. There was no significant residual effect one and two days after spraying. Fenbutatin oxide caused no mortality of A. lingnanensis. Parasitoids which survived contact with fresh deposits of abamectin parasitized fewer oleander scale (Aspidiotus nerii) than those which were untreated or exposed to fenbutatin oxide. There was no significant residual effect on the percentage of scales parasitized by A. lingnanensis exposed one day after spraying.