Shiao, S.N. 1978 Bionomics of the Camellia scale, Pseudaonidia duplex (Cockerell), in northern parts of Taiwan. I. Life history and mortality factors.. Plant Protection Bulletin (Taiwan) 19: 65-77.

Notes: The Camellia scale, Pseudaonidia duplex, attacks and causes severe damage to the tea plants in northern parts of Taiwan. The male attacks leaves while the female attacks mostly branches. As a result, the leaves usually fall down and the tea plants eventually die. This paper describes its life history, habits and the mortality factors out of a study from July 1974 to May 1976 at Taiwan Tea Experiment Station in Taoyuan. A negative relationship between the development and temperatures was observed under natural conditions. Population density was affected by climatic factors (including temperature, rainfalls and drought), parasitoid insects, predators and a fungus. Among the five species of insect parasitoids found, four were identified as Neochrysoc haris sp., Aphytis sp., Thomosonisea sp., and Tetrastichus sp., a predacious lady beetle, Pharoscymnus taoi Sasaji, was also identified.