Schiller, G., & Mendel, Z. 1995 Is the overlap of ranges of Aleppo pine and Brutia pine in the east Mediterranean natural or due to human activity?. Population Genetics and Genetic Conservation of Forest Trees. 159-163.

Notes: Papers presented at an international symposium organized by IUFRO, held 24-28 August 1992 at Carcans-Maubuisson, France; a synthesis of genetic and entomological studies support the assumption that the several island-like occurrences of Pinus halepensis in southern Turkey, and of Pinus brutia subsp. brutia in Chalkidiki, mainland Greece, and on the island of Thasos, are the result of human activity and not relics of a former larger area of distribution; evidence presented to support this hypothesis includes the presence of, and damage caused by, the pine bast scale (Matsucoccus josephi) on P. helepensis provenances, and the occurrence of Marchalina hellenica (used since ancient times, to increase honey production through provision of honeydew forage) on P. brutia.