Samways, M.J., Grout, T.G., & Prins, A.J. 1998 Ants as citrus pests.. Citrus Pests in the Republic of South Africa. Institute for Tropical and Subtropical Crops Nelspruit 288 pp.

Notes: Ants are discussed in their role as encouraging outbreaks of such scales as Planococcus citri, Coccus hesperidum and Aonidiella aurantii.