Rosciglione, B., & Castellano, M.A. 1985 Further evidence that mealybugs can transmit Grapevine virus A (GVA) to herbaceous hosts.. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 24: 186-188.

Notes: Transmission trials from grapevines to Nicotiana clevelandii were carried out using three different host/mealybug species: 1) cv. Procupac vines with leafroll symptoms/Pseudococcus longispinus, 2) field grown cv. Italia vines of unknown sanitary status/Planococcus ficus, and 3) cv. Catarratto vines which indexed positive for leafroll only/Planococcus ficus; cv. Izolia vines with leafroll and stem-pitting/P. citri. In all cases, N. clevelandii plants on which mealybug crawlers had fed, developed symptoms akin to those induced by Grapevine virus A. This virus was detected in all symptomatic herbaceous hosts by immunoelectron microscopy.