Pasqualini, E., & Civolani, S. 2000 La difesa dalla cocciniglia di San Jose. [Protection against the San Jose scale.]. Informatore Agrario 56(6) 93-95.

Notes: Infestations of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus [Diaspidiotus perniciosus] in plum and pear orchards in Italy are increasing. In a plum orchard near Faenza in 1999, application of white oil (Oliocin) at 3.5% when growth resumed in March proved more effective than traditional insecticides; imidacloprid + Oliocin at 2.5% performed well and also controlled aphids. In heavy infestations, treatment with chlorpyrifos at leaf fall reduces the overwintering population in preparation for the spring treatment. In pears in Ferrara province, chlorpyrifos proved most effective if preceded by an autumn application.