Ofek, G., Huberman, G., Yzhar, Y., Wysoki, M., Kuzlitzky, W., & Reneh, S. 1997 The control of the oriental red scale, Aonidiella orientalis Newstead and the California red scale, A. aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in mango orchards in Hevel Habsor (Israel).. Alon Hanotea 51: 212-218.

Notes: Aonidiella orientalis was first recorded on mango in Israel in 1980 in the Arava Valley, close to Eilat. Over the years the pest spread in Israel to the north, and has become established in almost all mango-growing regions, especially around Lake Kineret (Sea of Galilee) and in the Hevel Maon region. The pest causes damage to leaves, twigs and fruit. In Israel it has also been found on olives, guava, feijoa, litchi, Acacia and avocado. In several orchards of the Hevel Maon region a mixed population of A. orientalis and A. aurantii was found. Careful monitoring of pest populations and control measures using mineral oils according to infestation levels and appearance of the different development stages led to a drastic reduction in the pest population, an increase in the population of natural enemies and the restoration of the biological equilibrium. Several natural enemies were identified. Among them were the parasitoids Comperiella bifasciata, Habrolepis aspidioti, Aphytis melinus, A. lingnanensis and Encarsia sp.; the hyperparasitoids Marietta javensis (M. leopardina), Ablerus guadrii, and Zaomma sp.; the predators Stethorus gilvifrons, Chilocorus bipustulatus, Chrysoperla carnea, and the parasitic mite Hemisarcoptes coccophagus. Additionally Comperiella lemniscata, a parasitoid of A. orientalis, and two predatory coccinellids, Chilocorus circumdatus and C. baileyii, were introduced into Israel from Australia.