Moghaddam, M. 2008 Scale insect fauna of the southern region of Iran and analysis of their pest status (Hemiptera: Coccoidea).. Proceedings of the XI International Symposium on Scale Insect Studies, Oeiras, Portugal, 24-27 September 2007. ISA Press Lisbon, Portugal 322 pp.

Notes: A faunistic survey on the scale insects in the south of Iran (Systan & Baluchestan, Hormozgan, Fars, Bushehr and Khuzestan Provinces) was carried out between 1999 and 2005 and the specimens in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum (HMIM) were also included. A total of 108 species were collected on 120 cultivated and non-cultivated plants, with 76 Diaspididae, 17 Pseudococcidae, 8 Coccidae, 2 Margarodidae, 2 Eriococcidae, 2 Asterolecanidae and 1 Phoenicococcidae respectively. Among the diaspidid species, Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead), Parlatoria cypta McKenzie, Parlaioria blanchardi (Targioni Tozzetti) and Parlagena mckenziei Balachowsky occur throughout the southern region and are common pests. Mealybug species occur commonly in low frequency, except those on their host plants where they can occur in high density and are then economically important, viz. Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) in Fars, Hormozgan and Khuzestan, Planococcus ficus (Signoret) in Fars and Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) in Systan & Baluchestan. Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) was found in the southeast of Iran and has the potential to increase its distribution in the future. Several other scale insect species were found. Some of these are Iranian endemics, especially those reported as new species by Kaussari or Balachowsky (1952-1960). The endemic species occur in the natural environment and the populations remain quite stable. Here, a list of scale insect species including their host plants and distribution is provided.