Miller, G.L., & Miller, D.R. 2003 Invasive soft scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and their threat to U.S. agriculture.. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 105(4): 832-846.

Notes: We provide a compilation of 147 species of soft scales that are considered either pests or represent a threat to United States agriculture. Included for each species, where applicable, is reference to origin and date of introduction if applicable, establishment in the United States, pest or threat status in the United States along with a validation citation, principal hosts, and biogeographical region of origin.