Mendel, Z., Assael, F., Saphir, N., Zehavi, A., & Nestel, D. 1995 The role of Matsucoccus josephi Bodenheimer and Harpaz (Homoptera: Matsucoccidae) and of drought in the early stages of natural regeneration after fire of Aleppo pine forest in Israel.. Israel Journal of Entomology 29: 169-177.

Notes: M. josephi was the dominant mortality agent, killing about 47% of the seedlings during the first four years after regeneration; about 23% of the seedling died due to drought and to interspecific and intraspecific competition; most of the mortality occurred during the first two years after regeneration; mortality due to other arthropods was practically nil; seedling density in scale-infested plots, four years after natural seeding, is high enough to ensure stands development with the second growth possibly displaying less susceptibilty to M. josephi than the present adult trees.