Mendel, Z. 1984 Provenance as a factor in susceptibility of Pinus halepensis to Matsucoccus josephi (Homoptera: Margarodidae).. Forest Ecology and Management 9: 259-266.

Notes: International provenance trials of Pinus halepensis and related species, P. brutia and P. eldarica, allowed study of the relationship between seed origin of P. halepensis and susceptibility to the Israeli pine bast scale (Matsucoccus josephi, Homoptera: Margarodidae), and the infestation of P. brutia and P. eldarica by this pest. The Greek and Israeli provenances displayed a lower susceptibility to attacks by the pest than did the North African and Spanish provenances. The lower susceptibility is expressed by higher percentage of unaffected trees, low rate of injury and low density of Matsucoccus ovisacs. Two different mechanisms may be responsible for the relative resistance of P. halepensis of the Greek and the Israeli populations. It is possible that resistance to the pest was transferred from P. brutia to P. halepensis in Greece, where the natural distribution of these pine species overlaps or overlapped. On the other hand, the relative resistance of the Israeli provenances may be due to long coexistence in Israel of M. josephi and P. halepensis.