McClure, M.S. 1989 Importance of weather to the distribution and abundance of introduced Adelgid and scale insects.. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 47(2-4): 291-302.

Notes: Abstract: Five Homoptera that were accidentally introduced from Asia have become serious pests of two important forest tree species in northeastern U.S.; among them are the following scales: Fiorinia externa, Matsucoccus matsumurae and Nuculaspis tsugae; wind, extremes of temperature and heavy rain influences their distribution and abundance by affecting their dispersal and establishment.