McClain, D.C., Rock, G.C., & Stinner, R.E. 1990 San Jose scale (Homoptera: Diaspididae): Simulation of seasonal phenology in North Carolina orchards.. Environmental Entomology 19(4): 916-925.

Notes: Abstract: Pest of deciduous tree fruits in most fruit growing regions of the US; timing of chemical control programs considered; orchard temperatures and pheromone trap catch data and crawler hatch for nine orchard-years were used to validate the accuracy of physiological time models in simulating the time intervals for one generation between male flight peaks, and crawler peaks, as well as the interval between male flight peaks and crawler peaks (embryonic development) of four seasonal generations of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus.