Matile-Ferrero, D. 1997 1.1.2 Morphology. 1.1.2.1 The adult female.. Soft Scale Insects: Their Biology, Natural Enemies and Control [Vol. 7A]. Elsevier Amsterdam & New York 452 pp.

Notes: General structure, margin, ventral and dorsal surfaces; genera or species mentioned include Anopulvinaria cephalocarinata, Aphania senegalensis, Ceroplastes brevicauda, C. hodgsoni, Ceronema africana, Coccus hesperidum, C. moestus, Cribrolecanium andersoni, Cryptostigma, Chloropulvinaria psidii, Couturierina, Ceroplastodes zavattarii, C. gowdeyi, Cleistanthus polystachyus, Dacryodes edulis, Elais guineensis, Eriopeltis festucae, Erythrina, Etiennea villiersi, E. multituberculatum, Eucalymnatus tessellatus, Eugenia jaboticaba, E. caryophyllata, Eulecanium giganteum, Eumashona msasae, Exaeretopus, Filippia, Gilbertiodendron splendidum, Hemilecanium coriaceum, H. imbricans, Houardia troglodytes, Inglisia vitreae, Kilifia, Lagosinia strachani, Luzulaspis, Mallococcus, Mametia louisieae, Melanesicoccus myrmecariae, Messinea conica, Metaceronema, Neolecanium silveirai, N. cornuparvum, Parafairmairia, Paralecanium carolinensis, Parasaissetia nigra, Partheolecanium corni, P. persicae, Philephedra, Physokermes, Poaspis jahandiezi, Pseudophilippia quaintancii, Pseudopulvinaria sikkimensis, Pulvinaria, Pulvinarisca serpentina, Rhodococcus, Richardiella taiensis, Saissetia coffeae, S. oleae, Stictolecanium ornatum, Takahashia japonica, Toumeyella liriodendri, T. cerifera, Tillancoccus, Umwinsia, Vinsonia stellifera and Vitrococcus conchiformis.